{"symbol":"IDO1","synonyms":["IDO-1","INDO","IDO"],"name":"indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase 1","description":"This gene encodes indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase (IDO) - a heme enzyme that catalyzes the first and rate-limiting step in tryptophan catabolism to N-formyl-kynurenine. This enzyme acts on multiple tryptophan substrates including D-tryptophan, L-tryptophan, 5-hydroxy-tryptophan, tryptamine, and serotonin. This enzyme is thought to play a role in a variety of pathophysiological processes such as antimicrobial and antitumor defense, neuropathology, immunoregulation, and antioxidant activity. Through its expression in dendritic cells, monocytes, and macrophages this enzyme modulates T-cell behavior by its peri-cellular catabolization of the essential amino acid tryptophan.[provided by RefSeq, Feb 2011]","ncbiEntrezGeneId":3620,"ncbiEntrezGeneUrl":"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/gene/3620","proteins":[{"symbol":"I23O1_HUMAN","href":"/api/1.0/protein/I23O1_HUMAN"}],"hgncRootFamilies":[]}