| Description | Sets of proteins participating in pathways from PANTHER |
| Measurement | association by literature curation |
| Association | protein-pathway associations from curated pathways |
| Category | structural or functional annotations |
| Resource | PANTHER |
| Citation(s) |
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| Last Updated | 2014 Dec 17 |
| Stats |
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| API | |
| Script | |
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Attribute Similarity
Gene Attribute
Gene Similarity
145 sets of proteins participating in pathways from the PANTHER Pathways dataset.
| Gene Set | Description |
|---|---|
| Interferon-gamma signaling pathway | |
| Muscarinic acetylcholine receptor 2 and 4 signaling pathway | |
| 5-Hydroxytryptamine degredation | |
| Glutamine glutamate conversion | |
| Inflammation mediated by chemokine and cytokine signaling pathway | |
| Synaptic_vesicle_trafficking | The directed movement of substances in synaptic membrane-bounded vesicles within the neuron along the cytoskeleton either toward or away from the neuronal cell body. |
| Xanthine and guanine salvage pathway | |
| Triacylglycerol metabolism | The chemical reactions and pathways involving triglyceride, any triester of glycerol. The three fatty acid residues may all be the same or differ in any permutation. Triglycerides are important components of plant oils, animal fats and animal plasma lipoproteins. |
| Integrin signalling pathway | |
| Nicotinic acetylcholine receptor signaling pathway | |
| Bupropion_degradation | |
| Flavin biosynthesis | |
| O-antigen biosynthesis | The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of the O side chain of a lipopolysaccharide, which determines the antigenic specificity of the organism. It is made up of about 50 repeating units of a branched tetrasaccharide. |
| Cell cycle | The progression of biochemical and morphological phases and events that occur in a cell during successive cell replication or nuclear replication events. Canonically, the cell cycle comprises the replication and segregation of genetic material followed by the division of the cell, but in endocycles or syncytial cells nuclear replication or nuclear division may not be followed by cell division. |
| Thiamine metabolism | The chemical reactions and pathways involving thiamine (vitamin B1), a water soluble vitamin present in fresh vegetables and meats, especially liver. |
| Ornithine degradation | The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of ornithine, an amino acid only rarely found in proteins, but which is important in living organisms as an intermediate in the reactions of the urea cycle and in arginine biosynthesis. |
| Parkinson disease | A progressive, degenerative neurologic disease characterized by a TREMOR that is maximal at rest, retropulsion (i.e. a tendency to fall backwards), rigidity, stooped posture, slowness of voluntary movements, and a masklike facial expression. Pathologic features include loss of melanin containing neurons in the substantia nigra and other pigmented nuclei of the brainstem. LEWY BODIES are present in the substantia nigra and locus coeruleus but may also be found in a related condition (LEWY BODY DISEASE, DIFFUSE) characterized by dementia in combination with varying degrees of parkinsonism. (Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, p1059, pp1067-75)|A neurodegenerative disease that results_from degeneration of the central nervous system that often impairs the sufferer's motor skills, speech, and other functions. |
| Nicotine_degradation | The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of nicotine, (S)(-)-3-(1-methyl-2-pyrrolidinyl)pyridine. |
| p53 pathway feedback loops 2 | |
| Valine biosynthesis | The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of valine, 2-amino-3-methylbutanoic acid. |
| T cell activation | The change in morphology and behavior of a mature or immature T cell resulting from exposure to a mitogen, cytokine, chemokine, cellular ligand, or an antigen for which it is specific. |
| Hedgehog signaling pathway | A series of molecular signals generated as a consequence of activation of the transmembrane protein Smoothened. |
| Lipoate_biosynthesis | The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of lipoate, 1,2-dithiolane-3-pentanoate, the anion derived from lipoic acid. |
| Methionine biosynthesis | The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of methionine (2-amino-4-(methylthio)butanoic acid), a sulfur-containing, essential amino acid found in peptide linkage in proteins. |
| Insulin/IGF pathway-protein kinase B signaling cascade | |
| Threonine biosynthesis | The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of threonine (2-amino-3-hydroxybutyric acid), a polar, uncharged, essential amino acid found in peptide linkage in proteins. |
| Wnt signaling pathway | The series of molecular signals initiated by binding of a Wnt protein to a frizzled family receptor on the surface of the target cell and ending with a change in cell state. |
| Vitamin B6 metabolism | The chemical reactions and pathways involving any of the vitamin B6 compounds: pyridoxal, pyridoxamine and pyridoxine and the active form, pyridoxal phosphate. |
| Adrenaline and noradrenaline biosynthesis | |
| General transcription by RNA polymerase I | |
| 5HT2 type receptor mediated signaling pathway | |
| Toll receptor signaling pathway | |
| Purine metabolism | The chemical reactions and pathways involving one of a family of organic molecules consisting of a purine base covalently bonded to a sugar ribose (a ribonucleoside) or deoxyribose (a deoxyribonucleoside). |
| Opioid proopiomelanocortin pathway | |
| Beta1 adrenergic receptor signaling pathway | |
| Fructose galactose metabolism | |
| Glycolysis | The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of a carbohydrate into pyruvate, with the concomitant production of a small amount of ATP. Glycolysis begins with the metabolism of a carbohydrate to generate products that can enter the pathway and ends with the production of pyruvate. Pyruvate may be converted to acetyl-coenzyme A, ethanol, lactate, or other small molecules. |
| Huntington disease | |
| 5HT3 type receptor mediated signaling pathway | |
| Metabotropic glutamate receptor group I pathway | |
| Ubiquitin proteasome pathway | |
| EGF receptor signaling pathway | A series of molecular signals initiated by binding of a ligand to the tyrosine kinase receptor EGFR (ERBB1) on the surface of a cell. The pathway ends with regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. transcription. |
| Insulin/IGF pathway-mitogen activated protein kinase kinase/MAP kinase cascade | |
| Coenzyme A linked carnitine metabolism | |
| Histamine H1 receptor mediated signaling pathway | |
| Serine glycine biosynthesis | |
| Oxidative stress response | |
| Alpha adrenergic receptor signaling pathway | |
| Alanine biosynthesis | The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of alanine, 2-aminopropanoic acid. |
| De novo pyrimidine deoxyribonucleotide biosynthesis | |
| Ras Pathway | |
| Ascorbate degradation | |
| Heterotrimeric G-protein signaling pathway-rod outer segment phototransduction | |
| Heme biosynthesis | The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of heme, any compound of iron complexed in a porphyrin (tetrapyrrole) ring, from less complex precursors. |
| Opioid proenkephalin pathway | |
| p38 MAPK pathway | |
| 5HT4 type receptor mediated signaling pathway | |
| PNAT | |
| Metabotropic glutamate receptor group III pathway | |
| Adenine and hypoxanthine salvage pathway | |
| Asparagine and aspartate biosynthesis | |
| Ionotropic glutamate receptor pathway | |
| B cell activation | The change in morphology and behavior of a mature or immature B cell resulting from exposure to a mitogen, cytokine, chemokine, cellular ligand, or an antigen for which it is specific. |
| Alzheimer disease-amyloid secretase pathway | |
| 5HT1 type receptor mediated signaling pathway | |
| General transcription regulation | |
| Alzheimer disease-presenilin pathway | |
| Apoptosis signaling pathway | |
| N-acetylglucosamine metabolism | The chemical reactions and pathways involving N-acetylglucosamine. The D isomer is a common structural unit of glycoproteins in plants, bacteria and animals; it is often the terminal sugar of an oligosaccharide group of a glycoprotein. |
| VEGF signaling pathway | |
| Tetrahydrofolate biosynthesis | The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of tetrahydrofolate, 5,6,7,8-tetrahydrofolic acid, a folate derivative bearing additional hydrogens on the pterin group. |
| Pyrimidine Metabolism | |
| Interleukin signaling pathway | |
| mRNA splicing | |
| Axon guidance mediated by Slit/Robo | |
| Formyltetrahydroformate biosynthesis | |
| Thyrotropin-releasing hormone receptor signaling pathway | |
| Cytoskeletal regulation by Rho GTPase | |
| Nicotine pharmacodynamics pathway | The pathway of nicotine-target interaction and of the biochemical or physiological responses to them. Nicotine is an agonist of the nicotinic acetylcholine receptors and exerts stimulatory roles. It is also responsible for tobacco dependence. Prolonged exposure and high levels of nicotine can have toxic effects. Genetic variations can cause differences in the response of the organism to the drug. |
| P53 pathway feedback loops 1 | |
| Angiotensin_II-stimulated_signaling_through_G_proteins_and_beta-arrestin | |
| Vasopressin synthesis | |
| De novo purine biosynthesis | The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of IMP, inosine monophosphate, by the stepwise assembly of a purine ring on ribose 5-phosphate. |
| S-adenosylmethionine biosynthesis | The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of S-adenosylmethionine, S-(5'-adenosyl)-L-methionine, an important intermediate in one-carbon metabolism. |
| TCA cycle | A nearly universal metabolic pathway in which the acetyl group of acetyl coenzyme A is effectively oxidized to two CO2 and four pairs of electrons are transferred to coenzymes. The acetyl group combines with oxaloacetate to form citrate, which undergoes successive transformations to isocitrate, 2-oxoglutarate, succinyl-CoA, succinate, fumarate, malate, and oxaloacetate again, thus completing the cycle. In eukaryotes the tricarboxylic acid is confined to the mitochondria. See also glyoxylate cycle. |
| De novo pyrimidine ribonucleotides biosythesis | |
| Salvage pyrimidine deoxyribonucleotides | |
| Androgen/estrogene/progesterone biosynthesis | |
| Circadian clock system | |
| Plasminogen activating cascade | |
| Beta2 adrenergic receptor signaling pathway | |
| Succinate to proprionate conversion | |
| Heterotrimeric G-protein signaling pathway-Gi alpha and Gs alpha mediated pathway | |
| p53 pathway by glucose deprivation | |
| Gamma-aminobutyric acid synthesis | The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA, 4-aminobutyrate), an amino acid which acts as a neurotransmitter in some organisms. |
| Phenylethylamine degradation | The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of phenylethylamine, an amine with pharmacological properties similar to those of amphetamine, occurs naturally as a neurotransmitter in the brain, and is present in chocolate and oil of bitter almonds. |
| Methylcitrate cycle | |
| Angiogenesis | Blood vessel formation when new vessels emerge from the proliferation of pre-existing blood vessels. |
| Endogenous_cannabinoid_signaling | |
| Oxytocin receptor mediated signaling pathway | |
| Acetate utilization | |
| Allantoin degradation | The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of allantoin, (2,5-dioxo-4-imidazolidinyl)urea. |
| PI3 kinase pathway | |
| 5-arachidonylglycerol_biosynthesis | |
| Muscarinic acetylcholine receptor 1 and 3 signaling pathway | |
| 5-Hydroxytryptamine biosynthesis | |
| Cortocotropin releasing factor receptor signaling pathway | |
| Axon guidance mediated by netrin | |
| Pyruvate metabolism | The chemical reactions and pathways involving pyruvate, 2-oxopropanoate. |
| Beta3 adrenergic receptor signaling pathway | |
| PDGF signaling pathway | PDGF signaling pathway plays an important role in the regulation of cell growth and survival. |
| DNA replication | The cellular metabolic process in which a cell duplicates one or more molecules of DNA. DNA replication begins when specific sequences, known as origins of replication, are recognized and bound by initiation proteins, and ends when the original DNA molecule has been completely duplicated and the copies topologically separated. The unit of replication usually corresponds to the genome of the cell, an organelle, or a virus. The template for replication can either be an existing DNA molecule or RNA. |
| Hypoxia response via HIF activation | |
| Vitamin D metabolism and pathway | |
| Cholesterol biosynthesis | The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of cholesterol, cholest-5-en-3 beta-ol, the principal sterol of vertebrates and the precursor of many steroids, including bile acids and steroid hormones. |
| Arginine biosynthesis | The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of arginine, 2-amino-5-(carbamimidamido)pentanoic acid. |
| Mannose metabolism | The chemical reactions and pathways involving mannose, the aldohexose manno-hexose, the C-2 epimer of glucose. The D-(+)-form is widely distributed in mannans and hemicelluloses and is of major importance in the core oligosaccharide of N-linked oligosaccharides of glycoproteins. |
| Transcription regulation by bZIP transcription factor | |
| Coenzyme A biosynthesis | The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of coenzyme A, 3'-phosphoadenosine-(5')diphospho(4')pantatheine, an acyl carrier in many acylation and acyl-transfer reactions in which the intermediate is a thiol ester. |
| GABA-B_receptor_II_signaling | |
| Leucine biosynthesis | The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of leucine, 2-amino-4-methylpentanoic acid. |
| Carnitine metabolism | The chemical reactions and pathways involving carnitine (hydroxy-trimethyl aminobutyric acid), a compound that participates in the transfer of acyl groups across the inner mitochondrial membrane. |
| p53 pathway | |
| Salvage pyrimidine ribonucleotides | |
| FGF signaling pathway | The family of fibroblast growth factors (FGF) comprises 22 ligands classified into seven phylogenetic subfamilies and three groups by mode of action: the intracellular intracrine and the extracellular paracrine or canonical and endocrine or hormone-like groups. The paracrine subfamilies signal via the fibroblast growth factor receptors (FGFR), receptor tyrosine kinases (RTK). The endocrine subfamily is FGFR-dependent but the affinity towards the receptors is low and relies on Klotho family of transmembrane proteins. The intracrine subfamily is FGFR-independent. Overall, the pathway plays important roles during embryonic and postnatal development, neuromodulation, mineral metabolism and homeostasis. Deregulation of the pathway has been associated with neoplastic and metabolic diseases. |
| Anandamide_degradation | |
| Isoleucine biosynthesis | The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of isoleucine, (2R*,3R*)-2-amino-3-methylpentanoic acid. |
| Heterotrimeric G-protein signaling pathway-Gq alpha and Go alpha mediated pathway | |
| Enkephalin release | |
| Histamine H2 receptor mediated signaling pathway | |
| ATP synthesis | The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator. |
| JAK/STAT signaling pathway | The Jak-Stat pathway is a main intracellular cascade initiated primarily in response to cytokine and also other ligand signaling. Four Janus kinases (Jak) and seven signal transducers and activators of transcription (Stat) families of proteins mediate the action of almost 40 cytokine receptors, including the receptor for leptin. Combinations between four Jak(s) and seven Stat(s) shape the outcome of ligand triggered signaling through the various receptors. |
| Pyridoxal phosphate salvage pathway | |
| FAS signaling pathway | A series of molecular signals initiated by the binding of a ligand to the receptor Fas on the surface of the cell, and ending with regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. transcription. Fas is a death domain-containing member of the tumor necrosis factor receptor (TNFR) superfamily. |
| TGF-beta signaling pathway | |
| Blood coagulation | The sequential process in which the multiple coagulation factors of the blood interact, ultimately resulting in the formation of an insoluble fibrin clot; it may be divided into three stages: stage 1, the formation of intrinsic and extrinsic prothrombin converting principle; stage 2, the formation of thrombin; stage 3, the formation of stable fibrin polymers. |
| Notch signaling pathway | A series of molecular signals initiated by the binding of an extracellular ligand to the receptor Notch on the surface of a target cell, and ending with regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. transcription. |
| Axon guidance mediated by semaphorins | |
| Pyridoxal-5-phosphate biosynthesis | |
| Methylmalonyl pathway | |
| Cadherin signaling pathway | |
| Pentose phosphate pathway | The process in which glucose is oxidized, coupled to NADPH synthesis. Glucose 6-P is oxidized with the formation of carbon dioxide (CO2), ribulose 5-phosphate and reduced NADP; ribulose 5-P then enters a series of reactions interconverting sugar phosphates. The pentose phosphate pathway is a major source of reducing equivalents for biosynthesis reactions and is also important for the conversion of hexoses to pentoses. |
| Histamine synthesis | The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of histamine, a physiologically active amine, found in plant and animal tissue and released from mast cells as part of an allergic reaction in humans. |
| Metabotropic glutamate receptor group II pathway | |
| Aminobutyrate degradation |
