1638 sets of proteins participating in pathways from the Reactome Pathways dataset.
| Gene Set |
Description |
|
Vitamins
|
|
|
Platelet Adhesion to exposed collagen
|
|
|
RNA Polymerase III Transcription Initiation From Type 3 Promoter
|
|
|
VEGF binds to VEGFR leading to receptor dimerization
|
|
|
Defective PAPSS2 causes SEMD-PA
|
|
|
MAP kinase activation in TLR cascade
|
|
|
Organic anion transporters
|
|
|
Signaling by NOTCH1 PEST Domain Mutants in Cancer
|
|
|
Metabolism of nucleotides
|
|
|
Transport of connexons to the plasma membrane
|
|
|
Entry of Influenza Virion into Host Cell via Endocytosis
|
|
|
Butyrate Response Factor 1 (BRF1) destabilizes mRNA
|
|
|
Defective FMO3 causes Trimethylaminuria (TMAU)
|
|
|
3' -UTR-mediated translational regulation
|
|
|
Defective MAOA causes Brunner syndrome (BRUNS)
|
|
|
DSCAM interactions
|
|
|
SHC-related events triggered by IGF1R
|
|
|
Cell death signalling via NRAGE, NRIF and NADE
|
|
|
RNA Polymerase I Transcription Initiation
|
|
|
IRS-related events
|
|
|
Energy dependent regulation of mTOR by LKB1-AMPK
|
|
|
Formation of the Early Elongation Complex
|
|
|
Centrosome maturation
|
|
|
Cytosolic sensors of pathogen-associated DNA
|
|
|
Peptide hormone metabolism
|
|
|
Post-Elongation Processing of the Transcript
|
|
|
Oxygen-dependent asparagine hydroxylation of Hypoxia-inducible Factor Alpha
|
|
|
Interaction With The Zona Pellucida
|
|
|
Regulation of insulin secretion
|
Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the regulated release of insulin.
|
|
Abacavir transport and metabolism
|
|
|
p75NTR signals via NF-kB
|
|
|
Trafficking of myristoylated proteins to the cilium
|
|
|
Sodium-coupled sulphate, di- and tri-carboxylate transporters
|
|
|
Rho GTPase cycle
|
|
|
DAP12 signaling
|
|
|
GTP hydrolysis and joining of the 60S ribosomal subunit
|
|
|
FasL/ CD95L signaling
|
|
|
NCAM signaling for neurite out-growth
|
|
|
Opsins
|
|
|
Beta oxidation of butanoyl-CoA to acetyl-CoA
|
|
|
Inactivation, recovery and regulation of the phototransduction cascade
|
|
|
Class C/3 (Metabotropic glutamate/pheromone receptors)
|
|
|
The phototransduction cascade
|
|
|
Autodegradation of Cdh1 by Cdh1:APC/C
|
|
|
G2/M DNA damage checkpoint
|
|
|
Signaling by TGF-beta Receptor Complex
|
|
|
EPH-Ephrin signaling
|
|
|
Formation of a pool of free 40S subunits
|
|
|
Assembly of the RAD50-MRE11-NBS1 complex at DNA double-strand breaks
|
|
|
Klotho-mediated ligand binding
|
|
|
Axonal growth stimulation
|
|
|
Removal of licensing factors from origins
|
|
|
Regulated proteolysis of p75NTR
|
|
|
SCF-beta-TrCP mediated degradation of Emi1
|
|
|
Degradation of GABA
|
|
|
Inhibition of adenylate cyclase pathway
|
|
|
Alpha-defensins
|
|
|
Downstream TCR signaling
|
|
|
HDACs deacetylate histones
|
|
|
Miscellaneous substrates
|
|
|
Retinoid cycle disease events
|
|
|
Conversion from APC/C:Cdc20 to APC/C:Cdh1 in late anaphase
|
|
|
Alternative complement activation
|
|
|
Inhibition of TSC complex formation by PKB
|
|
|
Activation of IRF3/IRF7 mediated by TBK1/IKK epsilon
|
|
|
Activation of gene expression by SREBF (SREBP)
|
|
|
Interconversion of polyamines
|
|
|
Activation of Matrix Metalloproteinases
|
|
|
SMAD2/3 Phosphorylation Motif Mutants in Cancer
|
|
|
G beta:gamma signalling through PLC beta
|
|
|
HS-GAG degradation
|
|
|
Nuclear Receptor transcription pathway
|
|
|
Regulation of the Fanconi anemia pathway
|
|
|
Asparagine N-linked glycosylation
|
|
|
Beta oxidation of lauroyl-CoA to decanoyl-CoA-CoA
|
|
|
Retrograde neurotrophin signalling
|
|
|
Platelet degranulation
|
The regulated exocytosis of secretory granules containing preformed mediators such as histamine and serotonin by a platelet.
|
|
Axon guidance
|
The chemotaxis process that directs the migration of an axon growth cone to a specific target site in response to a combination of attractive and repulsive cues.
|
|
Meiotic recombination
|
|
|
Mitotic Metaphase/Anaphase Transition
|
The cell cycle process in which a cell progresses from metaphase to anaphase during mitosis, triggered by the activation of the anaphase promoting complex by Cdc20/Sleepy homolog which results in the degradation of Securin.
|
|
Nucleotide-binding domain, leucine rich repeat containing receptor (NLR) signaling pathways
|
|
|
Elongation arrest and recovery
|
|
|
Defective CYP21A2 causes Adrenal hyperplasia 3 (AH3)
|
|
|
Class II GLUTs
|
|
|
Effects of PIP2 hydrolysis
|
|
|
Mucopolysaccharidoses
|
|
|
Defective ALG8 causes ALG8-CDG (CDG-1h)
|
|
|
Toxicity of botulinum toxin type G (BoNT/G)
|
|
|
G2/M Checkpoints
|
|
|
Olfactory Signaling Pathway
|
|
|
p53-Independent G1/S DNA damage checkpoint
|
|
|
Diseases associated with visual transduction
|
|
|
Orc1 removal from chromatin
|
|
|
Fatty Acyl-CoA Biosynthesis
|
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of a fatty-acyl-CoA, any derivative of coenzyme A in which the sulfhydryl group is in thiolester linkage with a fatty-acyl group.
|
|
Na+/Cl- dependent neurotransmitter transporters
|
|
|
Loss of Function of SMAD4 in Cancer
|
|
|
Cell redox homeostasis
|
Any process that maintains the redox environment of a cell or compartment within a cell.
|
|
Gap junction degradation
|
|
|
Defective MGAT2 causes MGAT2-CDG (CDG-2a)
|
|
|
WNT mediated activation of DVL
|
|
|
Elastic fibre formation
|
|
|
L13a-mediated translational silencing of Ceruloplasmin expression
|
|
|
Telomere C-strand synthesis initiation
|
|
|
G1/S-Specific Transcription
|
|
|
Thromboxane signalling through TP receptor
|
|
|
COPII (Coat Protein 2) Mediated Vesicle Transport
|
|
|
Cyclin D associated events in G1
|
|
|
GPVI-mediated activation cascade
|
|
|
Defective CYP26B1 causes Radiohumeral fusions with other skeletal and craniofacial anomalies (RHFCA)
|
|
|
Fatty acids
|
|
|
Ketone body metabolism
|
The chemical reactions and pathways involving ketone body.
|
|
HDL-mediated lipid transport
|
|
|
Ubiquitin-dependent degradation of Cyclin D1
|
|
|
Transport of vitamins, nucleosides, and related molecules
|
|
|
deactivation of the beta-catenin transactivating complex
|
|
|
Transcriptional regulation of white adipocyte differentiation
|
|
|
Stabilization of p53
|
|
|
Nuclear Envelope Breakdown
|
The controlled breakdown of the nuclear envelope in the context of a normal process.
|
|
Metabolism of nitric oxide
|
|
|
PLC-gamma1 signalling
|
|
|
Mitochondrial biogenesis
|
|
|
NGF-independant TRKA activation
|
|
|
FCERI mediated NF-kB activation
|
|
|
MPS IV - Morquio syndrome B
|
|
|
Amyloids
|
|
|
NADPH regeneration
|
A metabolic process that generates a pool of NADPH by the reduction of NADP+.
|
|
Defective MMACHC causes methylmalonic aciduria and homocystinuria type cblC
|
|
|
GABA A (rho) receptor activation
|
|
|
Pregnenolone biosynthesis
|
|
|
ATF4 activates genes
|
|
|
Endosomal Sorting Complex Required For Transport (ESCRT)
|
|
|
RNA Polymerase II Transcription Pre-Initiation And Promoter Opening
|
|
|
Sodium/Calcium exchangers
|
|
|
Interleukin-1 signaling
|
|
|
PRC2 methylates histones and DNA
|
|
|
RNA Polymerase III Transcription
|
|
|
Costimulation by the CD28 family
|
|
|
Synthesis of GDP-mannose
|
|
|
NEP/NS2 Interacts with the Cellular Export Machinery
|
|
|
Base-free sugar-phosphate removal via the single-nucleotide replacement pathway
|
|
|
ERKs are inactivated
|
|
|
SMAD2/3 MH2 Domain Mutants in Cancer
|
|
|
Axonal growth inhibition (RHOA activation)
|
|
|
Activation of NOXA and translocation to mitochondria
|
|
|
Eukaryotic Translation Termination
|
|
|
Hypusine synthesis from eIF5A-lysine
|
|
|
Constitutive Signaling by NOTCH1 HD Domain Mutants
|
|
|
Synthesis of dolichyl-phosphate-glucose
|
|
|
Nuclear Events (kinase and transcription factor activation)
|
|
|
Defective MMAB causes methylmalonic aciduria type cblB
|
|
|
PD-1 signaling
|
|
|
Cell Cycle Checkpoints
|
|
|
Platelet sensitization by LDL
|
|
|
Defective CYP24A1 causes Hypercalcemia, infantile (HCAI)
|
|
|
ChREBP activates metabolic gene expression
|
|
|
Regulation of innate immune responses to cytosolic DNA
|
|
|
Autodegradation of the E3 ubiquitin ligase COP1
|
|
|
SLBP Dependent Processing of Replication-Dependent Histone Pre-mRNAs
|
|
|
Cation-coupled Chloride cotransporters
|
|
|
Factors involved in megakaryocyte development and platelet production
|
|
|
Acetylcholine Neurotransmitter Release Cycle
|
|
|
Pyrimidine catabolism
|
|
|
M/G1 Transition
|
|
|
Hydroxycarboxylic acid-binding receptors
|
|
|
Lysosphingolipid and LPA receptors
|
|
|
ABC-family proteins mediated transport
|
|
|
Ceramide signalling
|
|
|
Signaling by FGFR
|
|
|
tRNA Aminoacylation
|
The chemical reactions and pathways by which the various amino acids become bonded to their corresponding tRNAs. The most common route for synthesis of aminoacyl tRNA is by the formation of an ester bond between the 3'-hydroxyl group of the most 3' adenosine of the tRNA, usually catalyzed by the cognate aminoacyl-tRNA ligase. A given aminoacyl-tRNA ligase aminoacylates all species of an isoaccepting group of tRNA molecules.
|
|
Depolymerisation of the Nuclear Lamina
|
|
|
CRMPs in Sema3A signaling
|
|
|
p53-Independent DNA Damage Response
|
|
|
CD28 co-stimulation
|
|
|
Propionyl-CoA catabolism
|
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of propionyl-CoA.
|
|
Hyaluronan uptake and degradation
|
|
|
Phagosomal maturation (early endosomal stage)
|
|
|
Synthesis of PS
|
|
|
Transport of the SLBP independent Mature mRNA
|
|
|
RNA Polymerase II Transcription Initiation And Promoter Clearance
|
|
|
Beta oxidation of hexanoyl-CoA to butanoyl-CoA
|
|
|
Downregulation of TGF-beta receptor signaling
|
|
|
Regulation of gene expression in endocrine-committed (NEUROG3+) progenitor cells
|
|
|
Cleavage of Growing Transcript in the Termination Region
|
|
|
Formation of incision complex in GG-NER
|
|
|
Nucleotide-like (purinergic) receptors
|
|
|
Sema4D in semaphorin signaling
|
|
|
WNT ligand biogenesis and trafficking
|
|
|
RAF/MAP kinase cascade
|
|
|
Regulation of PLK1 Activity at G2/M Transition
|
|
|
Defective TBXAS1 causes Ghosal hematodiaphyseal dysplasia (GHDD)
|
|
|
Import of palmitoyl-CoA into the mitochondrial matrix
|
|
|
Methionine salvage pathway
|
The generation of L-methionine (2-amino-4-(methylthio)butanoic acid) from methylthioadenosine.
|
|
Nef Mediated CD8 Down-regulation
|
|
|
Recruitment of mitotic centrosome proteins and complexes
|
|
|
Activated TLR4 signalling
|
|
|
Synthesis of PE
|
|
|
TGFBR1 KD Mutants in Cancer
|
|
|
Translation initiation complex formation
|
|
|
Toll Like Receptor 3 (TLR3) Cascade
|
|
|
Signaling by NOTCH1 in Cancer
|
|
|
Semaphorin interactions
|
|
|
Gap junction trafficking
|
|
|
Activation of PKB
|
|
|
Reversible hydration of carbon dioxide
|
|
|
Nef mediated downregulation of CD28 cell surface expression
|
|
|
Beta oxidation of decanoyl-CoA to octanoyl-CoA-CoA
|
|
|
Platelet homeostasis
|
|
|
Vitamin D (calciferol) metabolism
|
|
|
Neurotransmitter uptake and Metabolism In Glial Cells
|
|
|
Defective CYP19A1 causes Aromatase excess syndrome (AEXS)
|
|
|
Inhibition of voltage gated Ca2+ channels via Gbeta/gamma subunits
|
|
|
truncations of AMER1 destabilize the destruction complex
|
|
|
betaKlotho-mediated ligand binding
|
|
|
Regulation of thyroid hormone activity
|
|
|
Signaling by Rho GTPases
|
|
|
Gap junction trafficking and regulation
|
|
|
Adrenaline,noradrenaline inhibits insulin secretion
|
|
|
Resolution of Sister Chromatid Cohesion
|
|
|
Digestion of dietary carbohydrate
|
|
|
IRS-mediated signalling
|
|
|
Inhibition of HSL
|
|
|
PLCG1 events in ERBB2 signaling
|
|
|
Developmental Biology
|
|
|
Transfer of LPS from LBP carrier to CD14
|
|
|
PIP3 activates AKT signaling
|
|
|
Integrin alphaIIb beta3 signaling
|
|
|
IRF3-mediated induction of type I IFN
|
|
|
Signaling by NOTCH1 HD Domain Mutants in Cancer
|
|
|
MPS II - Hunter syndrome
|
|
|
DNA Replication
|
The cellular metabolic process in which a cell duplicates one or more molecules of DNA. DNA replication begins when specific sequences, known as origins of replication, are recognized and bound by initiation proteins, and ends when the original DNA molecule has been completely duplicated and the copies topologically separated. The unit of replication usually corresponds to the genome of the cell, an organelle, or a virus. The template for replication can either be an existing DNA molecule or RNA.
|
|
MPS VI - Maroteaux-Lamy syndrome
|
|
|
Defective ACY1 causes encephalopathy
|
|
|
Global Genomic NER (GG-NER)
|
|
|
Eicosanoid ligand-binding receptors
|
|
|
Activation of Na-permeable Kainate Receptors
|
|
|
Transcriptional regulation of pluripotent stem cells
|
|
|
ERK2 activation
|
|
|
Defects in cobalamin (B12) metabolism
|
|
|
N-glycan trimming in the ER and Calnexin/Calreticulin cycle
|
|
|
GABA synthesis
|
|
|
Small interfering RNA (siRNA) biogenesis
|
|
|
Interleukin-2 signaling
|
|
|
CDC6 association with the ORC:origin complex
|
|
|
Defective CYP1B1 causes Glaucoma
|
|
|
Stimulation of the cell death response by PAK-2p34
|
|
|
Reproduction
|
The production of new individuals that contain some portion of genetic material inherited from one or more parent organisms.
|
|
Highly sodium permeable acetylcholine nicotinic receptors
|
|
|
ECM proteoglycans
|
|
|
Post-Elongation Processing of Intronless pre-mRNA
|
|
|
Toll Like Receptor TLR6:TLR2 Cascade
|
|
|
Prolactin receptor signaling
|
|
|
Signaling by Insulin receptor
|
|
|
RNA Polymerase I Promoter Clearance
|
|
|
Activation of the AP-1 family of transcription factors
|
|
|
Defective CYP2R1 causes Rickets vitamin D-dependent 1B (VDDR1B)
|
|
|
Signal amplification
|
|
|
Inhibition of Host mRNA Processing and RNA Silencing
|
|
|
PECAM1 interactions
|
|
|
Triglyceride Biosynthesis
|
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of a triglyceride, any triester of glycerol.
|
|
TNF signaling
|
|
|
Negative regulators of RIG-I/MDA5 signaling
|
|
|
Signaling by Ligand-Responsive EGFR Variants in Cancer
|
|
|
Scavenging by Class A Receptors
|
|
|
Defective AMN causes hereditary megaloblastic anemia 1
|
|
|
Signaling by SCF-KIT
|
|
|
Translesion synthesis by DNA polymerases bypassing lesion on DNA template
|
|
|
Synthesis of IPs in the ER lumen
|
|
|
Interleukin-3, 5 and GM-CSF signaling
|
|
|
Signaling by the B Cell Receptor (BCR)
|
|
|
Gamma-carboxylation of protein precursors
|
|
|
Non-integrin membrane-ECM interactions
|
|
|
Death Receptor Signalling
|
|
|
Ephrin signaling
|
|
|
PKA-mediated phosphorylation of CREB
|
|
|
A third proteolytic cleavage releases NICD
|
|
|
Tight junction interactions
|
|
|
FCERI mediated Ca+2 mobilization
|
|
|
Signaling by TGF-beta Receptor Complex in Cancer
|
|
|
CREB phosphorylation through the activation of CaMKII
|
|
|
Antigen activates B Cell Receptor (BCR) leading to generation of second messengers
|
|
|
cGMP effects
|
|
|
Abnormal conversion of 2-oxoglutarate to 2-hydroxyglutarate
|
|
|
Elevation of cytosolic Ca2+ levels
|
|
|
p75NTR negatively regulates cell cycle via SC1
|
|
|
RNA Polymerase III Chain Elongation
|
|
|
Host Interactions of HIV factors
|
|
|
Immune System
|
|
|
AXIN missense mutants destabilize the destruction complex
|
|
|
Golgi Associated Vesicle Biogenesis
|
|
|
negative regulation of TCF-dependent signaling by DVL-interacting proteins
|
|
|
Constitutive Signaling by NOTCH1 HD+PEST Domain Mutants
|
|
|
Transcription from mitochondrial promoters
|
|
|
Signaling by FGFR3 mutants
|
|
|
Formation of HIV-1 elongation complex containing HIV-1 Tat
|
|
|
The NLRP1 inflammasome
|
|
|
Post-Elongation Processing of Intron-Containing pre-mRNA
|
|
|
EGFR interacts with phospholipase C-gamma
|
|
|
Nonsense-Mediated Decay (NMD)
|
|
|
Downstream signaling events of B Cell Receptor (BCR)
|
|
|
TRAIL signaling
|
|
|
Biotin transport and metabolism
|
|
|
Extracellular matrix organization
|
A process that is carried out at the cellular level which results in the assembly, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of an extracellular matrix.
|
|
Adaptive Immune System
|
|
|
Oligomerization of connexins into connexons
|
|
|
Biosynthesis of A2E, implicated in retinal degradation
|
|
|
Regulation of lipid metabolism by Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha (PPARalpha)
|
|
|
SMAC-mediated dissociation of IAP:caspase complexes
|
|
|
5-Phosphoribose 1-diphosphate biosynthesis
|
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of 5-phosphoribose 1-diphosphate, also known as 5-phosphoribosyl-1-pyrophosphate.
|
|
AKT-mediated inactivation of FOXO1A
|
|
|
HATs acetylate histones
|
|
|
Biogenic amines are oxidatively deaminated to aldehydes by MAOA and MAOB
|
|
|
E2F-enabled inhibition of pre-replication complex formation
|
|
|
Ribosomal scanning and start codon recognition
|
|
|
Signaling by PDGF
|
|
|
TWIK-related spinal cord K+ channel (TRESK)
|
|
|
Proton/oligonucleotide cotransporters
|
|
|
Minus-strand DNA synthesis
|
|
|
RNA Polymerase I Promoter Escape
|
|
|
Synthesis of IP3 and IP4 in the cytosol
|
|
|
Signalling to RAS
|
|
|
Purine ribonucleoside monophosphate biosynthesis
|
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of purine ribonucleoside monophosphate, a compound consisting of a purine base linked to a ribose sugar esterified with phosphate on the sugar.
|
|
Classical Kir channels
|
|
|
Role of Abl in Robo-Slit signaling
|
|
|
Glucuronidation
|
|
|
Signaling by NODAL
|
|
|
Urea cycle
|
The sequence of reactions by which arginine is synthesized from ornithine, then cleaved to yield urea and regenerate ornithine. The overall reaction equation is NH3 + CO2 + aspartate + 3 ATP + 2 H2O = urea + fumarate + 2 ADP + 2 phosphate + AMP + diphosphate.
|
|
APC truncation mutants have impaired AXIN binding
|
|
|
MPS IX - Natowicz syndrome
|
|
|
APC truncation mutants are not K63 polyubiquitinated
|
|
|
Vpr-mediated induction of apoptosis by mitochondrial outer membrane permeabilization
|
|
|
Association of TriC/CCT with target proteins during biosynthesis
|
|
|
G beta:gamma signalling through PI3Kgamma
|
|
|
Activation of BAD and translocation to mitochondria
|
|
|
Organic cation/anion/zwitterion transport
|
|
|
Defective RFT1 causes RFT1-CDG (CDG-1n)
|
|
|
Inhibition of replication initiation of damaged DNA by RB1/E2F1
|
|
|
Hyaluronan biosynthesis and export
|
|
|
YAP1- and WWTR1 (TAZ)-stimulated gene expression
|
|
|
Ca2+ activated K+ channels
|
|
|
O-linked glycosylation
|
|
|
Muscle contraction
|
A process in which force is generated within muscle tissue, resulting in a change in muscle geometry. Force generation involves a chemo-mechanical energy conversion step that is carried out by the actin/myosin complex activity, which generates force through ATP hydrolysis.
|
|
Late Phase of HIV Life Cycle
|
|
|
Rhesus glycoproteins mediate ammonium transport.
|
|
|
Eicosanoids
|
|
|
Post-translational modification: synthesis of GPI-anchored proteins
|
|
|
Glycogen breakdown (glycogenolysis)
|
|
|
Glyoxylate metabolism
|
The chemical reactions and pathways involving glyoxylate, the anion of glyoxylic acid, HOC-COOH.
|
|
MPS IIIA - Sanfilippo syndrome A
|
|
|
Mitochondrial Fatty Acid Beta-Oxidation
|
|
|
Biological oxidations
|
|
|
A tetrasaccharide linker sequence is required for GAG synthesis
|
|
|
Amplification of signal from unattached kinetochores via a MAD2 inhibitory signal
|
|
|
Recycling pathway of L1
|
|
|
G1 Phase
|
The cell cycle 'gap' phase which is the interval between the completion of DNA segregation (usually by mitosis or meiosis) and the beginning of DNA synthesis.
|
|
Cleavage of the damaged purine
|
|
|
Activation of NMDA receptor upon glutamate binding and postsynaptic events
|
|
|
SUMO is conjugated to E1 (UBA2:SAE1)
|
|
|
DNA Damage/Telomere Stress Induced Senescence
|
|
|
Signaling by Retinoic Acid
|
|
|
TRAF6 Mediated Induction of proinflammatory cytokines
|
|
|
Organic anion transport
|
The directed movement of organic anions into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore. Organic anions are atoms or small molecules with a negative charge which contain carbon in covalent linkage.
|
|
Highly calcium permeable nicotinic acetylcholine receptors
|
|
|
Signaling by WNT in cancer
|
|
|
Calcitonin-like ligand receptors
|
|
|
S37 mutants of beta-catenin aren't phosphorylated
|
|
|
Regulation of gene expression in beta cells
|
|
|
Synthesis of substrates in N-glycan biosythesis
|
|
|
Muscarinic acetylcholine receptors
|
|
|
Viral Messenger RNA Synthesis
|
|
|
Post-transcriptional silencing by small RNAs
|
|
|
Regulation of Apoptosis
|
Any process that modulates the occurrence or rate of cell death by apoptotic process.
|
|
Signaling by Leptin
|
|
|
Erythrocytes take up carbon dioxide and release oxygen
|
|
|
Sema3A PAK dependent Axon repulsion
|
|
|
Cell-extracellular matrix interactions
|
|
|
Role of DCC in regulating apoptosis
|
|
|
ERK/MAPK targets
|
|
|
Creation of C4 and C2 activators
|
|
|
Activation of BIM and translocation to mitochondria
|
|
|
disassembly of the destruction complex and recruitment of AXIN to the membrane
|
|
|
Neuronal System
|
|
|
Defective ALG6 causes ALG6-CDG (CDG-1c)
|
|
|
Resolution of AP sites via the single-nucleotide replacement pathway
|
|
|
Epigenetic regulation of gene expression
|
|
|
Defective MMAA causes methylmalonic aciduria type cblA
|
|
|
Orphan transporters
|
|
|
Neurotransmitter Clearance In The Synaptic Cleft
|
|
|
Formyl peptide receptors bind formyl peptides and many other ligands
|
|
|
Activated NOTCH1 Transmits Signal to the Nucleus
|
|
|
Glycerophospholipid biosynthesis
|
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of glycerophospholipids, any derivative of glycerophosphate that contains at least one O-acyl, O-alkyl, or O-alkenyl group attached to the glycerol residue.
|
|
Prostacyclin signalling through prostacyclin receptor
|
|
|
Pre-NOTCH Expression and Processing
|
|
|
mTOR signalling
|
|
|
MASTL Facilitates Mitotic Progression
|
|
|
SOS-mediated signalling
|
|
|
Activation of the mRNA upon binding of the cap-binding complex and eIFs, and subsequent binding to 43S
|
|
|
Regulation of ornithine decarboxylase (ODC)
|
|
|
Post NMDA receptor activation events
|
|
|
Ubiquinol biosynthesis
|
|
|
Serotonin Neurotransmitter Release Cycle
|
|
|
Amine Oxidase reactions
|
|
|
Adherens junctions interactions
|
|
|
Release of apoptotic factors from the mitochondria
|
|
|
Assembly of the primary cilium
|
|
|
Uptake and actions of bacterial toxins
|
|
|
Ca-dependent events
|
|
|
O2/CO2 exchange in erythrocytes
|
|
|
Signaling by FGFR2 amplification mutants
|
|
|
Opioid Signalling
|
|
|
Role of phospholipids in phagocytosis
|
|
|
G1/S DNA Damage Checkpoints
|
|
|
Formation of annular gap junctions
|
|
|
Synthesis of DNA
|
|
|
Defective CHSY1 causes TPBS
|
|
|
ARMS-mediated activation
|
|
|
Mtb iron assimilation by chelation
|
|
|
Mitotic Metaphase and Anaphase
|
|
|
IKK complex recruitment mediated by RIP1
|
|
|
Activation of NF-kappaB in B cells
|
|
|
Aromatic amines can be N-hydroxylated or N-dealkylated by CYP1A2
|
|
|
CREB phosphorylation
|
|
|
Phosphorylation of the APC/C
|
|
|
Histamine receptors
|
|
|
Hormone-sensitive lipase (HSL)-mediated triacylglycerol hydrolysis
|
|
|
PI3K/AKT Signaling in Cancer
|
|
|
Steroid hormones
|
|
|
Telomere Maintenance
|
Any process that contributes to the maintenance of proper telomeric length and structure by affecting and monitoring the activity of telomeric proteins and the length of telomeric DNA. These processes includes those that shorten and lengthen the telomeric DNA sequences.
|
|
Electric Transmission Across Gap Junctions
|
|
|
APC/C:Cdc20 mediated degradation of mitotic proteins
|
|
|
Toll-Like Receptors Cascades
|
|
|
Breakdown of the nuclear lamina
|
|
|
Regulation of gene expression by Hypoxia-inducible Factor
|
|
|
Nephrin interactions
|
|
|
FCERI mediated MAPK activation
|
|
|
WNT ligand secretion is abrogated by the PORCN inhibitor LGK974
|
|
|
EGFR Transactivation by Gastrin
|
|
|
RMTs methylate histone arginines
|
|
|
Transport of organic anions
|
|
|
Regulation of gene expression in late stage (branching morphogenesis) pancreatic bud precursor cells
|
|
|
Serotonin clearance from the synaptic cleft
|
|
|
Sulfur amino acid metabolism
|
The chemical reactions and pathways involving amino acids containing sulfur, comprising cysteine, homocysteine, methionine and selenocysteine.
|
|
The IPAF inflammasome
|
|
|
S33 mutants of beta-catenin aren't phosphorylated
|
|
|
Downregulation of ERBB4 signaling
|
|
|
Estrogen biosynthesis
|
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of estrogens, C18 steroid hormones that can stimulate the development of female sexual characteristics. Also found in plants.
|
|
Phenylalanine and tyrosine catabolism
|
|
|
Transport of Mature mRNA Derived from an Intronless Transcript
|
|
|
RNA Polymerase II Promoter Escape
|
|
|
Vitamin C (ascorbate) metabolism
|
|
|
SMAD2/SMAD3:SMAD4 heterotrimer regulates transcription
|
|
|
Defective EXT2 causes exostoses 2
|
|
|
G1/S Transition
|
|
|
Formation of HIV elongation complex in the absence of HIV Tat
|
|
|
FBXW7 Mutants and NOTCH1 in Cancer
|
|
|
The fatty acid cycling model
|
|
|
Glucose metabolism
|
The chemical reactions and pathways involving glucose, the aldohexose gluco-hexose. D-glucose is dextrorotatory and is sometimes known as dextrose; it is an important source of energy for living organisms and is found free as well as combined in homo- and hetero-oligosaccharides and polysaccharides.
|
|
Acyl chain remodeling of CL
|
|
|
Cyclin A:Cdk2-associated events at S phase entry
|
|
|
Activation, myristolyation of BID and translocation to mitochondria
|
|
|
Gamma carboxylation, hypusine formation and arylsulfatase activation
|
|
|
N-glycan antennae elongation in the medial/trans-Golgi
|
|
|
Carnitine synthesis
|
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of carnitine (hydroxy-trimethyl aminobutyric acid), a compound that participates in the transfer of acyl groups across the inner mitochondrial membrane.
|
|
G alpha (12/13) signalling events
|
|
|
AKT phosphorylates targets in the cytosol
|
|
|
Disinhibition of SNARE formation
|
|
|
ZBP1(DAI) mediated induction of type I IFNs
|
|
|
Apoptotic factor-mediated response
|
|
|
Hydrolysis of LPE
|
|
|
Dermatan sulfate biosynthesis
|
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of dermatan sulfate, any glycosaminoglycan with repeats consisting of beta-(1,4)-linked L-iduronyl-beta-(1,3)-N-acetyl-D-galactosamine 4-sulfate units.
|
|
Signaling by FGFR1 mutants
|
|
|
Transcription of the HIV genome
|
|
|
Keratan sulfate biosynthesis
|
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of keratan sulfate, a glycosaminoglycan with repeat units consisting of beta-1,4-linked D-galactopyranosyl-beta-(1,4)-N-acetyl-D-glucosamine 6-sulfate and with variable amounts of fucose, sialic acid and mannose units; keratan sulfate chains are covalently linked by a glycosidic attachment through the trisaccharide galactosyl-galactosyl-xylose to peptidyl-threonine or serine residues.
|
|
Recognition and association of DNA glycosylase with site containing an affected purine
|
|
|
Glucocorticoid biosynthesis
|
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of glucocorticoids, hormonal C21 corticosteroids synthesized from cholesterol.
|
|
Cap-dependent Translation Initiation
|
|
|
MPS I - Hurler syndrome
|
|
|
Gap-filling DNA repair synthesis and ligation in GG-NER
|
|
|
SRP-dependent cotranslational protein targeting to membrane
|
The targeting of proteins to a membrane that occurs during translation and is dependent upon two key components, the signal-recognition particle (SRP) and the SRP receptor. SRP is a cytosolic particle that transiently binds to the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) signal sequence in a nascent protein, to the large ribosomal unit, and to the SRP receptor in the ER membrane.
|
|
Thrombin signalling through proteinase activated receptors (PARs)
|
|
|
Signaling by Robo receptor
|
|
|
Retinoid metabolism and transport
|
|
|
Metabolism of folate and pterines
|
|
|
Influenza Infection
|
An acute viral infection of the respiratory tract, occurring in isolated cases, in epidemics, or in pandemics; it is caused by serologically different strains of viruses (influenzaviruses) designated A, B, and C, has a 3-day incubation period, and usually lasts for 3 to 10 days. It is marked by inflammation of the nasal mucosa, pharynx, and conjunctiva; headache; myalgia; often fever, chills, and prostration; and occasionally involvement of the myocardium or central nervous system.
|
|
APC:Cdc20 mediated degradation of cell cycle proteins prior to satisfation of the cell cycle checkpoint
|
|
|
Formation of tubulin folding intermediates by CCT/TriC
|
|
|
Pyruvate metabolism
|
The chemical reactions and pathways involving pyruvate, 2-oxopropanoate.
|
|
Vitamin B2 (riboflavin) metabolism
|
|
|
Inositol transporters
|
|
|
Synthesis of PIPs at the early endosome membrane
|
|
|
RIP-mediated NFkB activation via ZBP1
|
|
|
Glucagon-like Peptide-1 (GLP1) regulates insulin secretion
|
|
|
GABA receptor activation
|
|
|
Transcriptional activation of p53 responsive genes
|
|
|
Activation of BMF and translocation to mitochondria
|
|
|
Platelet calcium homeostasis
|
|
|
TGF-beta receptor signaling activates SMADs
|
|
|
Asymmetric localization of PCP proteins
|
|
|
Signalling by NGF
|
|
|
Complement cascade
|
Any process involved in the activation of any of the steps of the complement cascade, which allows for the direct killing of microbes, the disposal of immune complexes, and the regulation of other immune processes; the initial steps of complement activation involve one of three pathways, the classical pathway, the alternative pathway, and the lectin pathway, all of which lead to the terminal complement pathway.
|
|
Activation of APC/C and APC/C:Cdc20 mediated degradation of mitotic proteins
|
|
|
MyD88 dependent cascade initiated on endosome
|
|
|
Enzymatic degradation of Dopamine by monoamine oxidase
|
|
|
Proline catabolism
|
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of proline (pyrrolidine-2-carboxylic acid), a chiral, cyclic, nonessential alpha-amino acid found in peptide linkage in proteins.
|
|
Constitutive Signaling by Ligand-Responsive EGFR Cancer Variants
|
|
|
Integration of energy metabolism
|
|
|
Amino acid synthesis and interconversion (transamination)
|
|
|
Formation of editosomes by ADAR proteins
|
|
|
PLC-mediated hydrolysis of PIP2
|
|
|
Reduction of cytosolic Ca++ levels
|
|
|
RNA Polymerase I, RNA Polymerase III, and Mitochondrial Transcription
|
|
|
Regulation of gap junction activity
|
|
|
Linoleic acid (LA) metabolism
|
|
|
Deposition of new CENPA-containing nucleosomes at the centromere
|
|
|
Signaling by ERBB2
|
|
|
LRR FLII-interacting protein 1 (LRRFIP1) activates type I IFN production
|
|
|
Na+-dependent glucose transporters
|
|
|
Cleavage of the damaged pyrimidine
|
|
|
Organelle biogenesis and maintenance
|
|
|
Transport of gamma-carboxylated protein precursors from the endoplasmic reticulum to the Golgi apparatus
|
|
|
Apoptotic cleavage of cellular proteins
|
|
|
Meiotic synapsis
|
|
|
MyD88-independent cascade
|
|
|
Glycogen synthesis
|
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of glycogen, a polydisperse, highly branched glucan composed of chains of D-glucose residues.
|
|
p75 NTR receptor-mediated signalling
|
|
|
Displacement of DNA glycosylase by APE1
|
|
|
Cooperation of Prefoldin and TriC/CCT in actin and tubulin folding
|
|
|
Cyclin B2 mediated events
|
|
|
Signaling by FGFR1 fusion mutants
|
|
|
TCF7L2 mutants don't bind CTBP
|
|
|
Integration of viral DNA into host genomic DNA
|
|
|
Defective B3GAT3 causes JDSSDHD
|
|
|
Common Pathway
|
|
|
Synthesis of Ketone Bodies
|
|
|
Translesion synthesis by Pol eta
|
|
|
Beta oxidation of octanoyl-CoA to hexanoyl-CoA
|
|
|
E2F mediated regulation of DNA replication
|
|
|
CDO in myogenesis
|
|
|
Defective LMBRD1 causes methylmalonic aciduria and homocystinuria type cblF
|
|
|
Assembly of the ORC complex at the origin of replication
|
|
|
Homologous Recombination Repair
|
|
|
Synthesis of IPs in the nucleus
|
|
|
Amine ligand-binding receptors
|
|
|
Peptide ligand-binding receptors
|
|
|
Transport of Mature mRNAs Derived from Intronless Transcripts
|
|
|
Mitochondrial Uncoupling Proteins
|
|
|
Post-translational protein modification
|
The process of covalently altering one or more amino acids in a protein after the protein has been completely translated and released from the ribosome.
|
|
Cell junction organization
|
A process that is carried out at the cellular level which results in the assembly, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of a cell junction. A cell junction is a specialized region of connection between two cells or between a cell and the extracellular matrix.
|
|
Nuclear Pore Complex (NPC) Disassembly
|
|
|
snRNP Assembly
|
|
|
Utilization of Ketone Bodies
|
|
|
PDE3B signalling
|
|
|
Apoptotic execution phase
|
|
|
Regulation of Insulin-like Growth Factor (IGF) transport and uptake by Insulin-like Growth Factor Binding Proteins (IGFBPs)
|
|
|
Transcriptional regulation by small RNAs
|
|
|
Lysine catabolism
|
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of lysine, 2,6-diaminohexanoic acid.
|
|
Phosphorylation of proteins involved in the G2/M transition by Cyclin A:Cdc2 complexes
|
|
|
HCN channels
|
|
|
Signaling by FGFR2 mutants
|
|
|
WNT5A-dependent internalization of FZD4
|
|
|
Activation of PPARGC1A (PGC-1alpha) by phosphorylation
|
|
|
RNF mutants show enhanced WNT signaling and proliferation
|
|
|
Removal of aminoterminal propeptides from gamma-carboxylated proteins
|
|
|
Defective ALG9 causes ALG9-CDG (CDG-1l)
|
|
|
PI and PC transport between ER and Golgi membranes
|
|
|
Cross-presentation of particulate exogenous antigens (phagosomes)
|
|
|
Nuclear import of Rev protein
|
|
|
Vasopressin-like receptors
|
|
|
Striated Muscle Contraction
|
A process in which force is generated within striated muscle tissue, resulting in the shortening of the muscle. Force generation involves a chemo-mechanical energy conversion step that is carried out by the actin/myosin complex activity, which generates force through ATP hydrolysis. Striated muscle is a type of muscle in which the repeating units (sarcomeres) of the contractile myofibrils are arranged in registry throughout the cell, resulting in transverse or oblique striations observable at the level of the light microscope.
|
|
Synthesis of epoxy (EET) and dihydroxyeicosatrienoic acids (DHET)
|
|
|
DAP12 interactions
|
|
|
Processive synthesis on the lagging strand
|
|
|
Potassium Channels
|
|
|
MPS IV - Morquio syndrome A
|
|
|
Vitamin B1 (thiamin) metabolism
|
|
|
VEGFA-VEGFR2 Pathway
|
|
|
The canonical retinoid cycle in rods (twilight vision)
|
|
|
Trafficking of GluR2-containing AMPA receptors
|
|
|
Nucleotide Excision Repair
|
A DNA repair process in which a small region of the strand surrounding the damage is removed from the DNA helix as an oligonucleotide. The small gap left in the DNA helix is filled in by the sequential action of DNA polymerase and DNA ligase. Nucleotide excision repair recognizes a wide range of substrates, including damage caused by UV irradiation (pyrimidine dimers and 6-4 photoproducts) and chemicals (intrastrand cross-links and bulky adducts).
|
|
regulation of FZD by ubiquitination
|
|
|
Activation of TRKA receptors
|
|
|
Arachidonic acid metabolism
|
The chemical reactions and pathways involving arachidonic acid, a straight chain fatty acid with 20 carbon atoms and four double bonds per molecule. Arachidonic acid is the all-Z-(5,8,11,14)-isomer.
|
|
Mitochondrial transcription initiation
|
|
|
Class A/1 (Rhodopsin-like receptors)
|
|
|
Transmembrane transport of small molecules
|
|
|
REV-ERBA represses gene expression
|
|
|
GLI proteins bind promoters of Hh responsive genes to promote transcription
|
|
|
Deadenylation-dependent mRNA decay
|
A major pathway of degradation of nuclear-transcribed mRNAs that proceeds through a series of ordered steps that includes poly(A) tail shortening and that can regulate mRNA stability.
|
|
Relaxin receptors
|
|
|
VxPx cargo-targeting to cilium
|
|
|
Sema4D induced cell migration and growth-cone collapse
|
|
|
Enzymatic degradation of dopamine by COMT
|
|
|
Transport of Mature Transcript to Cytoplasm
|
|
|
Defective CYP27A1 causes Cerebrotendinous xanthomatosis (CTX)
|
|
|
Gamma-carboxylation, transport, and amino-terminal cleavage of proteins
|
|
|
Processing of DNA double-strand break ends
|
|
|
TRAF6 mediated induction of NFkB and MAP kinases upon TLR7/8 or 9 activation
|
|
|
TRAF6 mediated NF-kB activation
|
|
|
Synthesis of PIPs at the plasma membrane
|
|
|
Double-Strand Break Repair
|
The repair of double-strand breaks in DNA via homologous and nonhomologous mechanisms to reform a continuous DNA helix.
|
|
SUMO is transferred from E1 to E2 (UBE2I, UBC9)
|
|
|
Activation of the pre-replicative complex
|
|
|
Mitochondrial ABC transporters
|
|
|
Constitutive Signaling by NOTCH1 t(7;9)(NOTCH1:M1580_K2555) Translocation Mutant
|
|
|
BBSome-mediated cargo-targeting to cilium
|
|
|
RNA Polymerase I Chain Elongation
|
|
|
Viral RNP Complexes in the Host Cell Nucleus
|
|
|
SHC1 events in EGFR signaling
|
|
|
ER-Phagosome pathway
|
|
|
Depyrimidination
|
The disruption of the bond between the sugar in the backbone and the C or T base, causing the base to be removed and leaving a depyrimidinated sugar.
|
|
Class B/2 (Secretin family receptors)
|
|
|
EPH-ephrin mediated repulsion of cells
|
|
|
Influenza Viral RNA Transcription and Replication
|
|
|
Defective MTR causes methylmalonic aciduria and homocystinuria type cblG
|
|
|
PP2A-mediated dephosphorylation of key metabolic factors
|
|
|
Metabolism of steroid hormones and vitamin D
|
|
|
The AIM2 inflammasome
|
|
|
PCP/CE pathway
|
|
|
Proton-coupled monocarboxylate transport
|
|
|
alpha-linolenic (omega3) and linoleic (omega6) acid metabolism
|
|
|
Metal ion SLC transporters
|
|
|
Formation of RNA Pol II elongation complex
|
|
|
XAV939 inhibits tankyrase, stabilizing AXIN
|
|
|
Glycosaminoglycan metabolism
|
The chemical reactions and pathways involving glycosaminoglycans, any one of a group of polysaccharides that contain amino sugars. Formerly known as mucopolysaccharides, they include hyaluronic acid and chondroitin, which provide lubrication in joints and form part of the matrix of cartilage. The three-dimensional structure of these molecules enables them to trap water, which forms a gel and gives glycosaminoglycans their elastic properties.
|
|
binding of TCF/LEF:CTNNB1 to target gene promoters
|
|
|
Transport of nucleotide sugars
|
|
|
GP1b-IX-V activation signalling
|
|
|
IRS-related events triggered by IGF1R
|
|
|
Formation of the ternary complex, and subsequently, the 43S complex
|
|
|
Translation
|
The cellular metabolic process in which a protein is formed, using the sequence of a mature mRNA molecule to specify the sequence of amino acids in a polypeptide chain. Translation is mediated by the ribosome, and begins with the formation of a ternary complex between aminoacylated initiator methionine tRNA, GTP, and initiation factor 2, which subsequently associates with the small subunit of the ribosome and an mRNA. Translation ends with the release of a polypeptide chain from the ribosome.
|
|
Cross-presentation of soluble exogenous antigens (endosomes)
|
|
|
Constitutive PI3K/AKT Signaling in Cancer
|
|
|
Signaling by BMP
|
|
|
G2/M DNA replication checkpoint
|
|
|
WNT5A-dependent internalization of FZD2, FZD5 and ROR2
|
|
|
Influenza Life Cycle
|
|
|
Assembly of the RAD51-ssDNA nucleoprotein complex
|
|
|
APC-Cdc20 mediated degradation of Nek2A
|
|
|
mitochondrial fatty acid beta-oxidation of unsaturated fatty acids
|
|
|
Synthesis of glycosylphosphatidylinositol (GPI)
|
|
|
O-glycosylation of TSR domain-containing proteins
|
|
|
Synthesis of 5-eicosatetraenoic acids
|
|
|
Translesion synthesis by HREV1
|
|
|
Metabolism of Angiotensinogen to Angiotensins
|
|
|
Membrane binding and targetting of GAG proteins
|
|
|
Formation of Fibrin Clot (Clotting Cascade)
|
|
|
Defective GGT1 causes Glutathionuria (GLUTH)
|
|
|
mRNA Editing: A to I Conversion
|
|
|
Pausing and recovery of HIV elongation
|
|
|
Metabolism
|
The chemical reactions and pathways, including anabolism and catabolism, by which living organisms transform chemical substances. Metabolic processes typically transform small molecules, but also include macromolecular processes such as DNA repair and replication, and protein synthesis and degradation.
|
|
CDT1 association with the CDC6:ORC:origin complex
|
|
|
Assembly of Viral Components at the Budding Site
|
|
|
Loss of Function of TGFBR2 in Cancer
|
|
|
Gap junction assembly
|
Assembly of gap junctions, which are found in most animal tissues, and serve as direct connections between the cytoplasms of adjacent cells. They provide open channels through the plasma membrane, allowing ions and small molecules (less than approximately a thousand daltons) to diffuse freely between neighboring cells, but preventing the passage of proteins and nucleic acids.
|
|
Fructose catabolism
|
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of fructose, the ketohexose arabino-2-hexulose.
|
|
Cam-PDE 1 activation
|
|
|
RNA Polymerase I Promoter Opening
|
|
|
Activation of G protein gated Potassium channels
|
|
|
CTLA4 inhibitory signaling
|
|
|
N-glycan trimming and elongation in the cis-Golgi
|
|
|
Interferon Signaling
|
|
|
Myoclonic epilepsy of Lafora
|
|
|
degradation of DVL
|
|
|
Signaling by FGFR4 mutants
|
|
|
Plasmalogen biosynthesis
|
|
|
Processing of DNA ends prior to end rejoining
|
|
|
HIV Transcription Initiation
|
|
|
Amplification of signal from the kinetochores
|
|
|
Binding and entry of HIV virion
|
|
|
Transport of Mature mRNA derived from an Intron-Containing Transcript
|
|
|
Signalling to ERKs
|
|
|
Negative regulation of the PI3K/AKT network
|
|
|
PAOs oxidise polyamines to amines
|
|
|
Acrosome Reaction
|
The discharge, by sperm, of a single, anterior secretory granule following the sperm's attachment to the zona pellucida surrounding the oocyte. The process begins with the fusion of the outer acrosomal membrane with the sperm plasma membrane and ends with the exocytosis of the acrosomal contents into the egg.
|
|
Postsynaptic nicotinic acetylcholine receptors
|
|
|
Glucagon signaling in metabolic regulation
|
|
|
Cellular response to hypoxia
|
Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a stimulus indicating lowered oxygen tension. Hypoxia, defined as a decline in O2 levels below normoxic levels of 20.8 - 20.95%, results in metabolic adaptation at both the cellular and organismal level.
|
|
Branched-chain amino acid catabolism
|
|
|
Other semaphorin interactions
|
|
|
IGF1R signaling cascade
|
|
|
Processing of Capped Intronless Pre-mRNA
|
|
|
p75NTR recruits signalling complexes
|
|
|
Inhibition of the proteolytic activity of APC/C required for the onset of anaphase by mitotic spindle checkpoint components
|
|
|
The citric acid (TCA) cycle and respiratory electron transport
|
|
|
Signaling by NOTCH1 t(7;9)(NOTCH1:M1580_K2555) Translocation Mutant
|
|
|
Abacavir metabolism
|
|
|
Serotonin receptors
|
|
|
Syndecan interactions
|
|
|
Synthesis of PIPs at the Golgi membrane
|
|
|
Signalling to ERK5
|
|
|
Crosslinking of collagen fibrils
|
|
|
G2 Phase
|
The cell cycle 'gap' phase which is the interval between the completion of DNA synthesis and the beginning of DNA segregation (usually by mitosis or meiosis).
|
|
p53-Dependent G1 DNA Damage Response
|
|
|
Androgen biosynthesis
|
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of androgens, C19 steroid hormones that can stimulate the development of male sexual characteristics.
|
|
Trafficking of AMPA receptors
|
|
|
MAPK targets/ Nuclear events mediated by MAP kinases
|
|
|
Clearance of Nuclear Envelope Membranes from Chromatin
|
|
|
Activation of NIMA Kinases NEK9, NEK6, NEK7
|
|
|
FMO oxidises nucleophiles
|
|
|
Mitotic Prometaphase
|
The cell cycle phase in higher eukaryotes which follows mitotic prophase and during which the nuclear envelope is disrupted and breaks into membrane vesicles, and the spindle microtubules enter the nuclear region. Kinetochores mature on each centromere and attach to some of the spindle microtubules. Kinetochore microtubules begin the process of aligning chromosomes in one plane halfway between the poles.
|
|
Unwinding of DNA
|
|
|
Regulation of KIT signaling
|
|
|
RSK activation
|
|
|
Regulation of mRNA stability by proteins that bind AU-rich elements
|
|
|
mRNA Editing
|
The covalent alteration of one or more nucleotides within an mRNA molecule to produce an mRNA molecule with a sequence that differs from that coded genetically.
|
|
Formation of Senescence-Associated Heterochromatin Foci (SAHF)
|
|
|
Senescence-Associated Secretory Phenotype (SASP)
|
|
|
Regulation of mitotic cell cycle
|
Any process that modulates the rate or extent of progress through the mitotic cell cycle.
|
|
XBP1(S) activates chaperone genes
|
|
|
Cyclin A/B1 associated events during G2/M transition
|
|
|
Defective CYP7B1 causes Spastic paraplegia 5A, autosomal recessive (SPG5A) and Congenital bile acid synthesis defect 3 (CBAS3)
|
|
|
Glycogen storage diseases
|
|
|
Caspase-mediated cleavage of cytoskeletal proteins
|
|
|
Abacavir transmembrane transport
|
|
|
Frs2-mediated activation
|
|
|
Unfolded Protein Response (UPR)
|
|
|
Loss of Nlp from mitotic centrosomes
|
|
|
Cytochrome c-mediated apoptotic response
|
|
|
Nef-mediates down modulation of cell surface receptors by recruiting them to clathrin adapters
|
|
|
NOSIP mediated eNOS trafficking
|
|
|
Golgi Cisternae Pericentriolar Stack Reorganization
|
|
|
mRNA Capping
|
|
|
Polymerase switching
|
|
|
Cell Cycle
|
The progression of biochemical and morphological phases and events that occur in a cell during successive cell replication or nuclear replication events. Canonically, the cell cycle comprises the replication and segregation of genetic material followed by the division of the cell, but in endocycles or syncytial cells nuclear replication or nuclear division may not be followed by cell division.
|
|
Translocation of GLUT4 to the plasma membrane
|
|
|
TRAF6 mediated IRF7 activation
|
|
|
Phase 1 - Functionalization of compounds
|
|
|
Signaling by NOTCH1 HD+PEST Domain Mutants in Cancer
|
|
|
NOSTRIN mediated eNOS trafficking
|
|
|
S6K1 signalling
|
|
|
mRNA 3'-end processing
|
Any process involved in forming the mature 3' end of an mRNA molecule.
|
|
DARPP-32 events
|
|
|
MHC class II antigen presentation
|
|
|
Chondroitin sulfate biosynthesis
|
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of chondroitin sulfate, any member of a group of 10-60 kDa glycosaminoglycans, widely distributed in cartilage and other mammalian connective tissues, the repeat units of which consist of beta-(1,4)-linked D-glucuronyl beta-(1,3)-N-acetyl-D-galactosamine sulfate.
|
|
Uptake and function of diphtheria toxin
|
|
|
ABH3 mediated Reversal of Alkylation Damage
|
|
|
MPS VII - Sly syndrome
|
|
|
Cytokine Signaling in Immune system
|
|
|
CaMK IV-mediated phosphorylation of CREB
|
|
|
ABCA transporters in lipid homeostasis
|
|
|
G alpha (z) signalling events
|
|
|
Cargo trafficking to the periciliary membrane
|
|
|
Purine metabolism
|
The chemical reactions and pathways involving one of a family of organic molecules consisting of a purine base covalently bonded to a sugar ribose (a ribonucleoside) or deoxyribose (a deoxyribonucleoside).
|
|
Activation of caspases through apoptosome-mediated cleavage
|
|
|
GPCR downstream signaling
|
|
|
Signaling by EGFRvIII in Cancer
|
|
|
Synthesis of (16-20)-hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acids (HETE)
|
|
|
Unblocking of NMDA receptor, glutamate binding and activation
|
|
|
Activation, translocation and oligomerization of BAX
|
|
|
Reverse Transcription of HIV RNA
|
|
|
CDK-mediated phosphorylation and removal of Cdc6
|
|
|
Rap1 signalling
|
|
|
Signal Transduction
|
The cellular process in which a signal is conveyed to trigger a change in the activity or state of a cell. Signal transduction begins with reception of a signal (e.g. a ligand binding to a receptor or receptor activation by a stimulus such as light), or for signal transduction in the absence of ligand, signal-withdrawal or the activity of a constitutively active receptor. Signal transduction ends with regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. regulation of transcription or regulation of a metabolic process. Signal transduction covers signaling from receptors located on the surface of the cell and signaling via molecules located within the cell. For signaling between cells, signal transduction is restricted to events at and within the receiving cell.
|
|
HIV Infection
|
A Lentivirus infectious disease that results_in destruction of immune system, leading to life-threatening opportunistic infections and cancers, has_agent Human immunodeficiency virus 1 or has_agent Human immunodeficiency virus 2, which are transmitted_by sexual contact, transmitted_by transfer of blood, semen, vaginal fluid, pre-ejaculate, or breast milk, transmitted_by congenital method, and transmitted_by contaminated needles. The virus infects helper T cells (CD4+ T cells) which are directly or indirectly destroyed, macrophages, and dendritic cells. The infection has_symptom diarrhea, has_symptom fatigue, has_symptom fever, has_symptom vaginal yeast infection, has_symptom headache, has_symptom mouth sores, has_symptom muscle aches, has_symptom sore throat, and has_symptom swollen lymph glands.|Includes the spectrum of human immunodeficiency virus infections that range from asymptomatic seropositivity, thru AIDS-related complex (ARC), to acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS).|An infection caused by the human immunodeficiency virus.
|
|
Insulin effects increased synthesis of Xylulose-5-Phosphate
|
|
|
MyD88 cascade initiated on plasma membrane
|
|
|
FGFR3c ligand binding and activation
|
|
|
Transcriptional activity of SMAD2/SMAD3:SMAD4 heterotrimer
|
|
|
Pyruvate metabolism and Citric Acid (TCA) cycle
|
|
|
Amine compound SLC transporters
|
|
|
Interactions of Tat with host cellular proteins
|
|
|
Synthesis of Leukotrienes (LT) and Eoxins (EX)
|
|
|
NF-kB is activated and signals survival
|
|
|
Zinc efflux and compartmentalization by the SLC30 family
|
|
|
Separation of Sister Chromatids
|
|
|
MEK activation
|
|
|
mRNA Editing: C to U Conversion
|
|
|
S Phase
|
The cell cycle phase, following G1, during which DNA synthesis takes place.
|
|
Lysosome Vesicle Biogenesis
|
|
|
Formation of transcription-coupled NER (TC-NER) repair complex
|
|
|
Activation of the phototransduction cascade
|
|
|
C6 deamination of adenosine
|
|
|
Glutamate Neurotransmitter Release Cycle
|
|
|
Orexin and neuropeptides FF and QRFP bind to their respective receptors
|
|
|
Class I MHC mediated antigen processing & presentation
|
|
|
MPS IIID - Sanfilippo syndrome D
|
|
|
ADP signalling through P2Y purinoceptor 12
|
|
|
Defective ALG1 causes ALG1-CDG (CDG-1k)
|
|
|
Defective GCLC causes Hemolytic anemia due to gamma-glutamylcysteine synthetase deficiency (HAGGSD)
|
|
|
Regulation of HSF1-mediated heat shock response
|
|
|
Signalling to STAT3
|
|
|
Vitamins B6 activation to pyridoxal phosphate
|
|
|
Vpr-mediated nuclear import of PICs
|
|
|
Tetrahydrobiopterin (BH4) synthesis, recycling, salvage and regulation
|
|
|
Defective MMADHC causes methylmalonic aciduria and homocystinuria type cblD
|
|
|
Cytochrome P450 - arranged by substrate type
|
|
|
SHC-related events
|
|
|
NGF signalling via TRKA from the plasma membrane
|
|
|
Inactivation of APC/C via direct inhibition of the APC/C complex
|
|
|
GRB7 events in ERBB2 signaling
|
|
|
SMAC binds to IAPs
|
|
|
Assembly of the pre-replicative complex
|
|
|
Loss of Function of TGFBR1 in Cancer
|
|
|
G alpha (s) signalling events
|
|
|
NS1 Mediated Effects on Host Pathways
|
|
|
Defective OPLAH causes 5-oxoprolinase deficiency (OPLAHD)
|
|
|
Diseases of glycosylation
|
|
|
Synthesis of bile acids and bile salts via 7alpha-hydroxycholesterol
|
|
|
Defective ALG14 causes congenital myasthenic syndrome (ALG14-CMS)
|
|
|
Insulin processing
|
The formation of mature insulin by proteolysis of the precursor preproinsulin. The signal sequence is first cleaved from preproinsulin to form proinsulin; proinsulin is then cleaved to release the C peptide, leaving the A and B chains of mature insulin linked by disulfide bridges.
|
|
Inwardly rectifying K+ channels
|
|
|
Neurotoxicity of clostridium toxins
|
|
|
Signal transduction by L1
|
|
|
CYP2E1 reactions
|
|
|
RNA Polymerase II Transcription Elongation
|
|
|
p53-Dependent G1/S DNA damage checkpoint
|
|
|
Regulatory RNA pathways
|
|
|
p130Cas linkage to MAPK signaling for integrins
|
|
|
Hedgehog 'on' state
|
|
|
Activation of Kainate Receptors upon glutamate binding
|
|
|
Mitotic Telophase/Cytokinesis
|
|
|
Beta-catenin phosphorylation cascade
|
|
|
Defective MAT1A causes Methionine adenosyltransferase deficiency (MATD)
|
|
|
GRB2 events in EGFR signaling
|
|
|
Removal of the Flap Intermediate
|
|
|
VEGFR2 mediated cell proliferation
|
|
|
Sulfide oxidation to sulfate
|
|
|
Resolution of Abasic Sites (AP sites)
|
|
|
Ras activation uopn Ca2+ infux through NMDA receptor
|
|
|
Iron uptake and transport
|
|
|
EGFR downregulation
|
|
|
Regulation of APC/C activators between G1/S and early anaphase
|
|
|
Acyl chain remodelling of PG
|
|
|
Keratan sulfate degradation
|
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of keratan sulfate, a glycosaminoglycan with repeat units consisting of beta-1,4-linked D-galactopyranosyl-beta-(1,4)-N-acetyl-D-glucosamine 6-sulfate and with variable amounts of fucose, sialic acid and mannose units; keratan sulfate chains are covalently linked by a glycosidic attachment through the trisaccharide galactosyl-galactosyl-xylose to peptidyl-threonine or serine residues.
|
|
degradation of AXIN
|
|
|
N-Glycan antennae elongation
|
|
|
TCF dependent signaling in response to WNT
|
|
|
Transport of Ribonucleoproteins into the Host Nucleus
|
|
|
Hyaluronan metabolism
|
The chemical reactions and pathways involving hyaluronan, the naturally occurring anionic form of hyaluronic acid, any member of a group of glycosaminoglycans, the repeat units of which consist of beta-1,4 linked D-glucuronyl-beta-(1,3)-N-acetyl-D-glucosamine.
|
|
Erythrocytes take up oxygen and release carbon dioxide
|
|
|
Highly calcium permeable postsynaptic nicotinic acetylcholine receptors
|
|
|
Synthesis And Processing Of GAG, GAGPOL Polyproteins
|
|
|
Assembly of collagen fibrils and other multimeric structures
|
|
|
CD28 dependent PI3K/Akt signaling
|
|
|
Interconversion of 2-oxoglutarate and 2-hydroxyglutarate
|
|
|
Clathrin derived vesicle budding
|
|
|
CREB phosphorylation through the activation of Adenylate Cyclase
|
|
|
Mismatch repair (MMR) directed by MSH2:MSH3 (MutSbeta)
|
|
|
PKA activation in glucagon signalling
|
|
|
Release of eIF4E
|
|
|
Transport of fatty acids
|
|
|
Intrinsic Pathway
|
|
|
Astrocytic Glutamate-Glutamine Uptake And Metabolism
|
|
|
PLC beta mediated events
|
|
|
Incretin synthesis, secretion, and inactivation
|
|
|
Arachidonate production from DAG
|
|
|
Hemostasis
|
The stopping of bleeding (loss of body fluid) or the arrest of the circulation to an organ or part.
|
|
Uptake and function of anthrax toxins
|
|
|
Activation of PUMA and translocation to mitochondria
|
|
|
Mineralocorticoid biosynthesis
|
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of mineralocorticoids, hormonal C21 corticosteroids synthesized from cholesterol.
|
|
Activation of BH3-only proteins
|
|
|
Defective CYP27B1 causes Rickets vitamin D-dependent 1A (VDDR1A)
|
|
|
Defective EXT1 causes exostoses 1, TRPS2 and CHDS
|
|
|
Degradation of GLI2 by the proteasome
|
|
|
Synthesis of 12-eicosatetraenoic acid derivatives
|
|
|
Advanced glycosylation endproduct receptor signaling
|
|
|
Beta-oxidation of very long chain fatty acids
|
|
|
Hydrolysis of LPC
|
|
|
Regulation of actin dynamics for phagocytic cup formation
|
|
|
Ligand-receptor interactions
|
|
|
CS/DS degradation
|
|
|
Synthesis of IP2, IP, and Ins in the cytosol
|
|
|
Association of licensing factors with the pre-replicative complex
|
|
|
Netrin-1 signaling
|
|
|
Glucose transport
|
The directed movement of the hexose monosaccharide glucose into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore.
|
|
Regulation of IFNG signaling
|
|
|
Peptide hormone biosynthesis
|
|
|
PPARA activates gene expression
|
|
|
DNA methylation
|
The covalent transfer of a methyl group to either N-6 of adenine or C-5 or N-4 of cytosine.
|
|
Binding and Uptake of Ligands by Scavenger Receptors
|
|
|
POU5F1 (OCT4), SOX2, NANOG activate genes related to proliferation
|
|
|
Serotonin and melatonin biosynthesis
|
|
|
Synthesis of PIPs at the late endosome membrane
|
|
|
Integrin cell surface interactions
|
|
|
The activation of arylsulfatases
|
|
|
Mitochondrial translation initiation
|
The process preceding formation of the peptide bond between the first two amino acids of a protein in a mitochondrion. This includes the formation of a complex of the ribosome, mRNA, and an initiation complex that contains the first aminoacyl-tRNA.
|
|
TRAF3-dependent IRF activation pathway
|
|
|
Myogenesis
|
The developmental sequence of events leading to the formation of adult skeletal muscle tissue. The main events are: the fusion of myoblasts to form myotubes that increase in size by further fusion to them of myoblasts, the formation of myofibrils within their cytoplasm and the establishment of functional neuromuscular junctions with motor neurons. At this stage they can be regarded as mature muscle fibers.
|
|
Amine-derived hormones
|
|
|
Repair synthesis for gap-filling by DNA polymerase in TC-NER
|
|
|
Transport and synthesis of PAPS
|
|
|
FGFR1c ligand binding and activation
|
|
|
Nonsense Mediated Decay (NMD) independent of the Exon Junction Complex (EJC)
|
|
|
Mitotic G2-G2/M phases
|
|
|
O-linked glycosylation of mucins
|
|
|
Adenylate cyclase inhibitory pathway
|
|
|
Defective MPDU1 causes MPDU1-CDG (CDG-1f)
|
|
|
AKT phosphorylates targets in the nucleus
|
|
|
NFG and proNGF binds to p75NTR
|
|
|
Ca2+ pathway
|
|
|
Histidine catabolism
|
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of histidine, 2-amino-3-(1H-imidazol-4-yl)propanoic acid.
|
|
Defective CYP17A1 causes Adrenal hyperplasia 5 (AH5)
|
|
|
Cell-cell junction organization
|
A process that is carried out at the cellular level which results in the assembly, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of a cell-cell junction. A cell-cell junction is a specialized region of connection between two cells.
|
|
Interactions of Vpr with host cellular proteins
|
|
|
Aflatoxin activation and detoxification
|
|
|
Defective CUBN causes hereditary megaloblastic anemia 1
|
|
|
Insulin receptor recycling
|
The process that results in the return of an insulin receptor to an active state at the plasma membrane. An active state is when the receptor is ready to receive an insulin signal. Internalized insulin receptors can be recycled to the plasma membrane or sorted to lysosomes for protein degradation.
|
|
truncated APC mutants destabilize the destruction complex
|
|
|
Resolution of AP sites via the multiple-nucleotide patch replacement pathway
|
|
|
Mismatch repair (MMR) directed by MSH2:MSH6 (MutSalpha)
|
|
|
Sperm Motility And Taxes
|
|
|
Cytosolic sulfonation of small molecules
|
|
|
Tryptophan catabolism
|
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of tryptophan, the chiral amino acid 2-amino-3-(1H-indol-3-yl)propanoic acid.
|
|
Pyrimidine metabolism
|
|
|
RNA Polymerase II Pre-transcription Events
|
|
|
APC/C:Cdh1 mediated degradation of Cdc20 and other APC/C:Cdh1 targeted proteins in late mitosis/early G1
|
|
|
Agmatine biosynthesis
|
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of agmatine ((4-aminobutyl)guanidine, NH2-CH2-CH2-CH2-CH2-NH-C(-NH2)(=NH)). Agmatine is the decarboxylation product of the amino acid arginine and is an intermediate in polyamine biosynthesis. It is synthesized in the brain, stored in synaptic vesicles, accumulated by uptake, released by membrane depolarization, and inactivated by agmatinase.
|
|
Integration of provirus
|
|
|
The role of Nef in HIV-1 replication and disease pathogenesis
|
|
|
trans-Golgi Network Vesicle Budding
|
|
|
Proton-coupled neutral amino acid transporters
|
|
|
Growth hormone receptor signaling
|
|
|
Toxicity of botulinum toxin type F (BoNT/F)
|
|
|
Metabolic disorders of biological oxidation enzymes
|
|
|
Defects in vitamin and cofactor metabolism
|
|
|
Regulation of activated PAK-2p34 by proteasome mediated degradation
|
|
|
DNA Damage Recognition in GG-NER
|
|
|
Nonhomologous End-joining (NHEJ)
|
|
|
Processing and activation of SUMO
|
|
|
AXIN mutants destabilize the destruction complex, activating WNT signaling
|
|
|
FGFR1c and Klotho ligand binding and activation
|
|
|
Phosphate bond hydrolysis by NUDT proteins
|
|
|
Organic cation transport
|
The directed movement of organic cations into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore. Organic cations are atoms or small molecules with a positive charge which contain carbon in covalent linkage.
|
|
Degradation of cysteine and homocysteine
|
|
|
TET1,2,3 and TDG demethylate DNA
|
|
|
Gluconeogenesis
|
The formation of glucose from noncarbohydrate precursors, such as pyruvate, amino acids and glycerol.
|
|
PIWI-interacting RNA (piRNA) biogenesis
|
|
|
Mitochondrial tRNA aminoacylation
|
|
|
Loss of proteins required for interphase microtubule organization from the centrosome
|
|
|
mRNA Splicing - Major Pathway
|
|
|
ADP signalling through P2Y purinoceptor 1
|
|
|
Defective GIF causes intrinsic factor deficiency
|
|
|
Apoptotic cleavage of cell adhesion proteins
|
|
|
Activation of C3 and C5
|
|
|
Abnormal metabolism in phenylketonuria
|
|
|
Metabolism of water-soluble vitamins and cofactors
|
|
|
HDMs demethylate histones
|
|
|
Defective UGT1A4 causes hyperbilirubinemia
|
|
|
ERK activation
|
|
|
Neurotransmitter Release Cycle
|
|
|
Gastrin-CREB signalling pathway via PKC and MAPK
|
|
|
Localization of the PINCH-ILK-PARVIN complex to focal adhesions
|
|
|
Tandem pore domain potassium channels
|
|
|
Prolonged ERK activation events
|
|
|
Establishment of Sister Chromatid Cohesion
|
The process in which the sister chromatids of a replicated chromosome become associated with each other during S phase.
|
|
Activated point mutants of FGFR2
|
|
|
mRNA Splicing
|
|
|
Folding of actin by CCT/TriC
|
|
|
Polymerase switching on the C-strand of the telomere
|
|
|
Resolution of D-loop structures through Holliday junction intermediates
|
|
|
PI-3K cascade
|
A series of reactions within the signal-receiving cell, mediated by the intracellular phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K). Many cell surface receptor linked signaling pathways signal through PI3K to regulate numerous cellular functions.
|
|
Nef mediated downregulation of MHC class I complex cell surface expression
|
|
|
Signaling by NOTCH
|
|
|
Thyroxine biosynthesis
|
|
|
Norepinephrine Neurotransmitter Release Cycle
|
|
|
FRS2-mediated cascade
|
|
|
Fc epsilon receptor (FCERI) signaling
|
|
|
Role of second messengers in netrin-1 signaling
|
|
|
Transcriptional activation of mitochondrial biogenesis
|
|
|
activated TAK1 mediates p38 MAPK activation
|
|
|
GRB2 events in ERBB2 signaling
|
|
|
Collagen formation
|
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of collagen, any of a group of fibrous proteins of very high tensile strength that form the main component of connective tissue in animals. Collagen is highly enriched in glycine (some regions are 33% glycine) and proline, occurring predominantly as 3-hydroxyproline (about 20%).
|
|
Recycling of bile acids and salts
|
|
|
Insulin receptor signalling cascade
|
|
|
Scavenging by Class H Receptors
|
|
|
ABH2 mediated Reversal of Alkylation Damage
|
|
|
Interactions of Rev with host cellular proteins
|
|
|
NICD traffics to nucleus
|
|
|
Condensation of Prometaphase Chromosomes
|
|
|
Insulin-like Growth Factor-2 mRNA Binding Proteins (IGF2BPs/IMPs/VICKZs) bind RNA
|
|
|
Cytosolic tRNA aminoacylation
|
|
|
Activation of AMPA receptors
|
|
|
HIV Life Cycle
|
|
|
Dopamine Neurotransmitter Release Cycle
|
|
|
Defensins
|
|
|
Transmission across Electrical Synapses
|
|
|
Regulation of Complement cascade
|
Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of complement activation.
|
|
Activation of Ca-permeable Kainate Receptor
|
|
|
Negative epigenetic regulation of rRNA expression
|
|
|
G-protein activation
|
|
|
Defective B4GALT1 causes B4GALT1-CDG (CDG-2d)
|
|
|
PI3K events in ERBB4 signaling
|
|
|
repression of WNT target genes
|
|
|
Antigen processing-Cross presentation
|
|
|
Cellular responses to stress
|
|
|
Signaling by FGFR in disease
|
|
|
Progressive trimming of alpha-1,2-linked mannose residues from Man9/8/7GlcNAc2 to produce Man5GlcNAc2
|
|
|
RAF phosphorylates MEK
|
|
|
Interferon gamma signaling
|
Type II interferon, of which there is only one in humans, binds to distinct receptors that activate Jak-Stat signaling pathway. It is known as the interferon gamma signaling.
|
|
Acetylation
|
|
|
Synthesis of UDP-N-acetyl-glucosamine
|
|
|
Defective CYP2U1 causes Spastic paraplegia 56, autosomal recessive (SPG56)
|
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Defective ALG11 causes ALG11-CDG (CDG-1p)
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NrCAM interactions
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Aquaporin-mediated transport
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Purine catabolism
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TRAF6 mediated IRF7 activation in TLR7/8 or 9 signaling
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Signaling by Activin
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CHL1 interactions
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Recognition and association of DNA glycosylase with site containing an affected pyrimidine
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Generic Transcription Pathway
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Diseases associated with glycosaminoglycan metabolism
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TWIK-related alkaline pH activated K+ channel (TALK)
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Inhibition of Signaling by Overexpressed EGFR
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DNA Repair
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The process of restoring DNA after damage. Genomes are subject to damage by chemical and physical agents in the environment (e.g. UV and ionizing radiations, chemical mutagens, fungal and bacterial toxins, etc.) and by free radicals or alkylating agents endogenously generated in metabolism. DNA is also damaged because of errors during its replication. A variety of different DNA repair pathways have been reported that include direct reversal, base excision repair, nucleotide excision repair, photoreactivation, bypass, double-strand break repair pathway, and mismatch repair pathway.
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Pausing and recovery of Tat-mediated HIV elongation
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G alpha (i) signalling events
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Synthesis of 15-eicosatetraenoic acid derivatives
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NOTCH1 Intracellular Domain Regulates Transcription
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GPCR ligand binding
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Response to elevated platelet cytosolic Ca2+
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Meiosis
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Processing of Capped Intron-Containing Pre-mRNA
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TRIF-mediated programmed cell death
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Regulation of DNA replication
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Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of DNA replication.
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Tandem of pore domain in a weak inwardly rectifying K+ channels (TWIK)
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Defective SLC26A2 causes chondrodysplasias
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Diseases associated with N-glycosylation of proteins
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PKMTs methylate histone lysines
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Reuptake of GABA
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SMAC-mediated apoptotic response
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TGF-beta receptor signaling in EMT (epithelial to mesenchymal transition)
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Interleukin-1 processing
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Intrinsic Pathway for Apoptosis
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SUMO is proteolytically processed
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Cysteine formation from homocysteine
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M Phase
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A cell cycle phase during which nuclear division occurs, and which is comprises the phases: prophase, metaphase, anaphase and telophase.
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Signaling by GPCR
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IRAK1 recruits IKK complex
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Catecholamine biosynthesis
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The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of any of a group of physiologically important biogenic amines that possess a catechol (3,4-dihydroxyphenyl) nucleus and are derivatives of 3,4-dihydroxyphenylethylamine.
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Homologous DNA pairing and strand exchange
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Synthesis, secretion, and inactivation of Glucagon-like Peptide-1 (GLP-1)
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Sialic acid metabolism
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The chemical reactions and pathways involving N-acetylneuraminate, the anion of 5-(acetylamino)-3,5-dideoxy-D-glycero-D-galacto-non-3-ulosonic acid.
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Formation of the Editosome
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Phospholipase C-mediated cascade
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Latent infection of Homo sapiens with Mycobacterium tuberculosis
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Scavenging of heme from plasma
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Nef and signal transduction
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Inactivation of Cdc42 and Rac
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Collagen degradation
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The proteolytic chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of collagen in the extracellular matrix, usually carried out by proteases secreted by nearby cells.
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Defective MTRR causes methylmalonic aciduria and homocystinuria type cblE
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Prostanoid ligand receptors
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Defective CYP11A1 causes Adrenal insufficiency, congenital, with 46,XY sex reversal (AICSR)
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Presynaptic function of Kainate receptors
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Passive transport by Aquaporins
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Cyclin E associated events during G1/S transition
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Downregulation of ERBB2:ERBB3 signaling
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Defective TCN2 causes hereditary megaloblastic anemia
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Adrenoceptors
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Conjugation of carboxylic acids
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Initial triggering of complement
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Amino Acid conjugation
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Cell-Cell communication
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Microtubule-dependent trafficking of connexons from Golgi to the plasma membrane
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Pyrimidine salvage reactions
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Trafficking and processing of endosomal TLR
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NOTCH2 intracellular domain regulates transcription
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Regulation of cholesterol biosynthesis by SREBP (SREBF)
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Role of LAT2/NTAL/LAB on calcium mobilization
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Depolarization of the Presynaptic Terminal Triggers the Opening of Calcium Channels
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CaM pathway
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Metabolism of lipids and lipoproteins
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SHC activation
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Sodium/Proton exchangers
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Transcriptional activation of cell cycle inhibitor p21
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Oncogene Induced Senescence
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FGFR3 ligand binding and activation
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Regulation of gene expression in early pancreatic precursor cells
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POU5F1 (OCT4), SOX2, NANOG repress genes related to differentiation
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Defective GSS causes Glutathione synthetase deficiency (GSS deficiency)
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RNA Polymerase III Transcription Termination
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The process in which transcription by RNA polymerase III is terminated; Pol III has an intrinsic ability to terminate transcription upon incorporation of 4 to 6 contiguous U residues.
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FGFR3b ligand binding and activation
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Platelet Aggregation (Plug Formation)
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IRF3 mediated activation of type 1 IFN
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mRNA Splicing - Minor Pathway
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Toll Like Receptor 5 (TLR5) Cascade
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Tachykinin receptors bind tachykinins
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TGFBR2 Kinase Domain Mutants in Cancer
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Transferrin endocytosis and recycling
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GLI3 is processed to GLI3R by the proteasome
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HSF1-dependent transactivation
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Regulation of beta-cell development
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PI3K Cascade
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A series of reactions within the signal-receiving cell, mediated by the intracellular phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K). Many cell surface receptor linked signaling pathways signal through PI3K to regulate numerous cellular functions.
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SEMA3A-Plexin repulsion signaling by inhibiting Integrin adhesion
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Removal of the Flap Intermediate from the C-strand
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SHC1 events in ERBB4 signaling
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Translocation of ZAP-70 to Immunological synapse
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Defective MUT causes methylmalonic aciduria mut type
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L1CAM interactions
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Sphingolipid metabolism
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The chemical reactions and pathways involving sphingolipids, any of a class of lipids containing the long-chain amine diol sphingosine or a closely related base (a sphingoid).
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Vitamin B5 (pantothenate) metabolism
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Tristetraprolin (TTP) destabilizes mRNA
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Glycosphingolipid metabolism
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The chemical reactions and pathways involving glycosphingolipids, any compound with residues of sphingoid and at least one monosaccharide.
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Toxicity of tetanus toxin (TeNT)
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Switching of origins to a post-replicative state
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EPHA-mediated growth cone collapse
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Base-Excision Repair, AP Site Formation
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The formation of an AP site, a deoxyribose sugar with a missing base, by DNA glycosylase which recognizes an altered base in DNA and catalyzes its hydrolytic removal. This sugar phosphate is the substrate recognized by the AP endonuclease, which cuts the DNA phosphodiester backbone at the 5' side of the altered site to leave a gap which is subsequently repaired.
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c-src mediated regulation of Cx43 function and closure of gap junctions
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Extrinsic Pathway
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The NLRP3 inflammasome
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Synthesis of bile acids and bile salts
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Ionotropic activity of Kainate Receptors
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Protein folding
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The process of assisting in the covalent and noncovalent assembly of single chain polypeptides or multisubunit complexes into the correct tertiary structure.
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Mitochondrial transcription termination
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The process in which the synthesis of an RNA molecule using a mitochondrial DNA template is completed.
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Dimerization of procaspase-8
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Toxicity of botulinum toxin type E (BoNT/E)
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Xenobiotics
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Signaling by Overexpressed Wild-Type EGFR in Cancer
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Regulation by c-FLIP
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Signaling by Interleukins
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Pentose phosphate pathway (hexose monophosphate shunt)
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Defective MAN1B1 causes MRT15
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Netrin mediated repulsion signals
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Toll Like Receptor TLR1:TLR2 Cascade
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Fanconi Anemia pathway
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Interstrand cross links (ICL) of DNA can be induced by both endogenous and exogenous ligands. ICL if not repaired will lead to cell death. ICL repair pathway, also known as Fanconi anemia pathway is the cellular response to this type of DNA damage.
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Mitotic Prophase
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The cell cycle phase which is the first stage of M phase of mitosis and during which chromosomes condense and the two daughter centrioles and their asters migrate toward the poles of the cell.
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Platelet activation, signaling and aggregation
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Mitochondrial translation termination
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The process resulting in the release of a polypeptide chain from the ribosome in a mitochondrion, usually in response to a termination codon (note that mitochondria use variants of the universal genetic code that differ between different taxa).
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Synthesis of PA
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Synthesis of PC
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Interleukin-7 signaling
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Synthesis of PG
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Synthesis of PI
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Signaling by FGFR mutants
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Acetylcholine regulates insulin secretion
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Mitochondrial protein import
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Sodium-coupled phosphate cotransporters
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Early Phase of HIV Life Cycle
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Negative regulation of FGFR signaling
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Chromatin organization
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Any process that results in the specification, formation or maintenance of the physical structure of eukaryotic chromatin.
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Pyrimidine biosynthesis
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Toll Like Receptor 9 (TLR9) Cascade
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Toll Like Receptor 4 (TLR4) Cascade
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Scavenging by Class B Receptors
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Anchoring of the basal body to the plasma membrane
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NOTCH2 Activation and Transmission of Signal to the Nucleus
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LDL-mediated lipid transport
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Depurination
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The disruption of the bond between the sugar in the backbone and the A or G base, causing the base to be removed and leaving a depurinated sugar.
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Phosphorylation of proteins involved in G1/S transition by active Cyclin E:Cdk2 complexes
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Ligand-gated ion channel transport
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DAG and IP3 signaling
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Chondroitin sulfate/dermatan sulfate metabolism
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Synthesis of PIPs at the ER membrane
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TRP channels
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Presynaptic phase of homologous DNA pairing and strand exchange
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DNA replication initiation
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The process in which DNA-dependent DNA replication is started; this involves the separation of a stretch of the DNA double helix, the recruitment of DNA polymerases and the initiation of polymerase action.
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Antiviral mechanism by IFN-stimulated genes
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Activation and oligomerization of BAK protein
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NCAM1 interactions
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Glycolysis
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The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of a carbohydrate into pyruvate, with the concomitant production of a small amount of ATP. Glycolysis begins with the metabolism of a carbohydrate to generate products that can enter the pathway and ends with the production of pyruvate. Pyruvate may be converted to acetyl-coenzyme A, ethanol, lactate, or other small molecules.
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Keratan sulfate/keratin metabolism
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Transmission across Chemical Synapses
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Regulation of signaling by NODAL
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Regulation of pyruvate dehydrogenase (PDH) complex
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TRAF6 mediated induction of TAK1 complex
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Constitutive Signaling by EGFRvIII
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ER Quality Control Compartment (ERQC)
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ATM mediated phosphorylation of repair proteins
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RNA Polymerase III Transcription Initiation From Type 1 Promoter
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Influenza Virus Induced Apoptosis
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Digestion of dietary lipid
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Peptide chain elongation
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RNA Pol II CTD phosphorylation and interaction with CE
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Mitochondrial translation elongation
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The successive addition of amino acid residues to a nascent polypeptide chain during protein biosynthesis in a mitochondrion.
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COX reactions
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Transport of the SLBP Dependant Mature mRNA
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Signaling by EGFR in Cancer
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Receptor-ligand binding initiates the second proteolytic cleavage of Notch receptor
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Signal regulatory protein (SIRP) family interactions
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Stimuli-sensing channels
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Mitochondrial translation
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The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of a protein in a mitochondrion. This is a ribosome-mediated process in which the information in messenger RNA (mRNA) is used to specify the sequence of amino acids in the protein; the mitochondrion has its own ribosomes and transfer RNAs, and uses a genetic code that differs from the nuclear code.
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Metabolism of non-coding RNA
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GABA synthesis, release, reuptake and degradation
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Polo-like kinase mediated events
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G0 and Early G1
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Defective CHST6 causes MCDC1
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Purine salvage
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Any process that generates a purine-containing compound, any nucleobase, nucleoside, nucleotide or nucleic acid that contains a purine base, from derivatives of them without de novo synthesis.
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Defective ALG2 causes ALG2-CDG (CDG-1i)
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NADE modulates death signalling
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FGFR2 ligand binding and activation
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Removal of DNA patch containing abasic residue
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Cell Cycle, Mitotic
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SHC-mediated signalling
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Defective CYP4F22 causes Ichthyosis, congenital, autosomal recessive 5 (ARCI5)
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PI3K/AKT activation
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ATF6-alpha activates chaperone genes
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Oxygen-dependent proline hydroxylation of Hypoxia-inducible Factor Alpha
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Defective CYP11B2 causes Corticosterone methyloxidase 1 deficiency (CMO-1 deficiency)
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Fcgamma receptor (FCGR) dependent phagocytosis
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Transport of nucleosides and free purine and pyrimidine bases across the plasma membrane
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VEGF ligand-receptor interactions
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Neurofascin interactions
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PERK regulates gene expression
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Molybdenum cofactor biosynthesis
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Nef Mediated CD4 Down-regulation
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Facilitative Na+-independent glucose transporters
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Coenzyme A biosynthesis
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The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of coenzyme A, 3'-phosphoadenosine-(5')diphospho(4')pantatheine, an acyl carrier in many acylation and acyl-transfer reactions in which the intermediate is a thiol ester.
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Hormone ligand-binding receptors
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Bicarbonate transporters
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Synthesis of pyrophosphates in the cytosol
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Immunoregulatory interactions between a Lymphoid and a non-Lymphoid cell
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Ion channel transport
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SLBP independent Processing of Histone Pre-mRNAs
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Endogenous sterols
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Reactions specific to the complex N-glycan synthesis pathway
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RNA Polymerase III Abortive And Retractive Initiation
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APC/C:Cdc20 mediated degradation of Securin
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Phosphorylation of Emi1
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Signaling by FGFR1 amplification mutants
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NRIF signals cell death from the nucleus
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ARL13B-mediated ciliary trafficking of INPP5E
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FGFR2c ligand binding and activation
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Voltage gated Potassium channels
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Toxicity of botulinum toxin type D (BoNT/D)
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Alpha-oxidation of phytanate
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Defective CHST14 causes EDS, musculocontractural type
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Citric acid cycle (TCA cycle)
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Eukaryotic Translation Initiation
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G2/M Transition
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RORA activates circadian gene expression
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Metabolism of vitamins and cofactors
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SUMOylation
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The process in which a SUMO protein (small ubiquitin-related modifier) is conjugated to a target protein via an isopeptide bond between the carboxyl terminus of SUMO with an epsilon-amino group of a lysine residue of the target protein.
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Inhibition of PKR
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p75NTR regulates axonogenesis
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Loss of Function of FBXW7 in Cancer and NOTCH1 Signaling
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Regulation of IFNA signaling
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Defective AHCY causes Hypermethioninemia with S-adenosylhomocysteine hydrolase deficiency (HMAHCHD)
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CREB phosphorylation through the activation of CaMKK
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APC/C:Cdc20 mediated degradation of Cyclin B
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SIRT1 negatively regulates rRNA Expression
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Conjugation of phenylacetate with glutamine
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Tat-mediated HIV elongation arrest and recovery
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|
ATP sensitive Potassium channels
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|
Base Excision Repair
|
In base excision repair, an altered base is removed by a DNA glycosylase enzyme, followed by excision of the resulting sugar phosphate. The small gap left in the DNA helix is filled in by the sequential action of DNA polymerase and DNA ligase.
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|
Reactions specific to the hybrid N-glycan synthesis pathway
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Inflammasomes
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Regulation of Glucokinase by Glucokinase Regulatory Protein
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|
Synthesis of Dolichyl-phosphate
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RIG-I/MDA5 mediated induction of IFN-alpha/beta pathways
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Mitotic G1-G1/S phases
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Activation of CaMK IV
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mitochondrial fatty acid beta-oxidation of saturated fatty acids
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|
S6K1-mediated signalling
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RNA Polymerase III Transcription Initiation
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Activation of Nicotinic Acetylcholine Receptors
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Extension of Telomeres
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Regulation of cytoskeletal remodeling and cell spreading by IPP complex components
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Glutathione conjugation
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|
Ficolins bind to repetitive carbohydrate structures on the target cell surface
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|
Defective CD320 causes methylmalonic aciduria
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Signaling by Hedgehog
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Constitutive Signaling by NOTCH1 PEST Domain Mutants
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Gene Expression
|
The process in which a gene's sequence is converted into a mature gene product or products (proteins or RNA). This includes the production of an RNA transcript as well as any processing to produce a mature RNA product or an mRNA (for protein-coding genes) and the translation of that mRNA into protein. Some protein processing events may be included when they are required to form an active form of a product from an inactive precursor form.
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Molecules associated with elastic fibres
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GABA A receptor activation
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Smooth Muscle Contraction
|
A process in which force is generated within smooth muscle tissue, resulting in a change in muscle geometry. Force generation involves a chemo-mechanical energy conversion step that is carried out by the actin/myosin complex activity, which generates force through ATP hydrolysis. Smooth muscle differs from striated muscle in the much higher actin/myosin ratio, the absence of conspicuous sarcomeres and the ability to contract to a much smaller fraction of its resting length.
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formation of the beta-catenin:TCF transactivating complex
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Metabolism of polyamines
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mRNA decay by 3' to 5' exoribonuclease
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|
phospho-PLA2 pathway
|
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|
eNOS activation and regulation
|
|
|
phosphorylation site mutants of CTNNB1 are not targeted to the proteasome by the destruction complex
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|
PI Metabolism
|
|
|
The proton buffering model
|
|
|
DEx/H-box helicases activate type I IFN and inflammatory cytokines production
|
|
|
MPS IIIB - Sanfilippo syndrome B
|
|
|
Electron transport from NADPH to Ferredoxin
|
|
|
Defects in biotin (Btn) metabolism
|
|
|
RNA Polymerase II Transcription Initiation
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|
|
Glycoprotein hormones
|
|
|
Spry regulation of FGF signaling
|
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|
Interleukin-6 signaling
|
|
|
Mitotic Anaphase
|
The cell cycle phase during which chromosomes separate and migrate towards the poles of the spindle the as part of a mitotic cell cycle.
|
|
SCF(Skp2)-mediated degradation of p27/p21
|
|
|
Beta-oxidation of pristanoyl-CoA
|
|
|
Defective ACTH causes Obesity and Pro-opiomelanocortinin deficiency (POMCD)
|
|
|
HIV elongation arrest and recovery
|
|
|
Conjugation of salicylate with glycine
|
|
|
Dual incision reaction in GG-NER
|
|
|
BH3-only proteins associate with and inactivate anti-apoptotic BCL-2 members
|
|
|
Caspase-8 activation by cleavage
|
|
|
Chromosome Maintenance
|
|
|
TGFBR1 LBD Mutants in Cancer
|
|
|
Cobalamin (Cbl, vitamin B12) transport and metabolism
|
|
|
IRAK1 recruits IKK complex upon TLR7/8 or 9 stimulation
|
|
|
Defective ALG12 causes ALG12-CDG (CDG-1g)
|
|
|
Interleukin receptor SHC signaling
|
|
|
Formation of the HIV-1 Early Elongation Complex
|
|
|
Host Interactions with Influenza Factors
|
|
|
Ubiquitin-dependent degradation of Cyclin D
|
|
|
Fatty acid, triacylglycerol, and ketone body metabolism
|
|
|
Eukaryotic Translation Elongation
|
|
|
Activation of SMO
|
|
|
Processive synthesis on the C-strand of the telomere
|
|
|
Lagging Strand Synthesis
|
|
|
alpha-linolenic acid (ALA) metabolism
|
|
|
Mitochondrial iron-sulfur cluster biogenesis
|
|
|
PKA activation
|
|
|
RNA Polymerase II Transcription Termination
|
The process in which the synthesis of an RNA molecule by RNA polymerase II using a DNA template is completed.
|
|
Packaging Of Telomere Ends
|
|
|
Prefoldin mediated transfer of substrate to CCT/TriC
|
|
|
Metabolism of porphyrins
|
|
|
Defective CYP26C1 causes Focal facial dermal dysplasia 4 (FFDD4)
|
|
|
Transport of connexins along the secretory pathway
|
|
|
Nucleosome assembly
|
The aggregation, arrangement and bonding together of a nucleosome, the beadlike structural units of eukaryotic chromatin composed of histones and DNA.
|
|
Zinc transporters
|
|
|
Sphingolipid de novo biosynthesis
|
|
|
Regulation of signaling by CBL
|
|
|
Defective UGT1A1 causes hyperbilirubinemia
|
|
|
Adenylate cyclase activating pathway
|
|
|
Bile salt and organic anion SLC transporters
|
|
|
Sema4D mediated inhibition of cell attachment and migration
|
|
|
Transport of glycerol from adipocytes to the liver by Aquaporins
|
|
|
FGFR1b ligand binding and activation
|
|
|
Autointegration results in viral DNA circles
|
|
|
Phosphorylation of CD3 and TCR zeta chains
|
|
|
Synthesis of Hepoxilins (HX) and Trioxilins (TrX)
|
|
|
S45 mutants of beta-catenin aren't phosphorylated
|
|
|
Fatty Acids bound to GPR40 (FFAR1) regulate insulin secretion
|
|
|
TCR signaling
|
|
|
Transport of glucose and other sugars, bile salts and organic acids, metal ions and amine compounds
|
|
|
Ubiquitin Mediated Degradation of Phosphorylated Cdc25A
|
|
|
Defective ALG3 causes ALG3-CDG (CDG-1d)
|
|
|
MRN complex relocalizes to nuclear foci
|
|
|
Presynaptic nicotinic acetylcholine receptors
|
|
|
Metabolism of serotonin
|
|
|
RNA Polymerase I Transcription
|
|
|
Synthesis of diphthamide-EEF2
|
|
|
Loss of Function of SMAD2/3 in Cancer
|
|
|
Visual phototransduction
|
|
|
Innate Immune System
|
|
|
Activation of DNA fragmentation factor
|
|
|
Hedgehog 'off' state
|
|
|
Synthesis of bile acids and bile salts via 24-hydroxycholesterol
|
|
|
Signaling by NOTCH4
|
|
|
TAK1 activates NFkB by phosphorylation and activation of IKKs complex
|
|
|
Signaling by NOTCH1
|
|
|
Signaling by NOTCH2
|
|
|
Signaling by NOTCH3
|
|
|
Creatine metabolism
|
The chemical reactions and pathways involving creatine (N-(aminoiminomethyl)-N-methylglycine), a compound synthesized from the amino acids arginine, glycine, and methionine that occurs in muscle.
|
|
TWIK-releated acid-sensitive K+ channel (TASK)
|
|
|
Toll Like Receptor 10 (TLR10) Cascade
|
|
|
Lipoprotein metabolism
|
The chemical reactions and pathways involving any conjugated, water-soluble protein in which the nonprotein group consists of a lipid or lipids.
|
|
Dual incision reaction in TC-NER
|
|
|
Vif-mediated degradation of APOBEC3G
|
|
|
T41 mutants of beta-catenin aren't phosphorylated
|
|
|
Multifunctional anion exchangers
|
|
|
TRKA activation by NGF
|
|
|
Nectin/Necl trans heterodimerization
|
|
|
Regulation of PAK-2p34 activity by PS-GAP/RHG10
|
|
|
Regulation of AMPK activity via LKB1
|
|
|
Termination of O-glycan biosynthesis
|
|
|
Mitotic Spindle Checkpoint
|
A mitotic cell cycle checkpoint that originates from the spindle and delays the metaphase/anaphase transition of a mitotic nuclear division until the spindle is correctly assembled and oriented, the completion of anaphase until chromosomes are attached to the spindle, or mitotic exit and cytokinesis when the spindle does not form.
|
|
Beta oxidation of myristoyl-CoA to lauroyl-CoA
|
|
|
Recruitment of NuMA to mitotic centrosomes
|
|
|
mRNA decay by 5' to 3' exoribonuclease
|
|
|
Downregulation of SMAD2/3:SMAD4 transcriptional activity
|
|
|
RNA Polymerase III Transcription Initiation From Type 2 Promoter
|
|
|
Metabolism of carbohydrates
|
|
|
Pre-NOTCH Processing in the Endoplasmic Reticulum
|
|
|
Recycling of eIF2:GDP
|
|
|
Lectin pathway of complement activation
|
|
|
Release of Hh-Np from the secreting cell
|
|
|
AUF1 (hnRNP D0) destabilizes mRNA
|
|
|
Disease
|
A disease is a disposition that describes states of disease associated with a particular sample and/or organism.
|
|
AMER1 mutants destabilize the destruction complex
|
|
|
MPS IIIC - Sanfilippo syndrome C
|
|
|
STAT6-mediated induction of chemokines
|
|
|
Defective TPMT causes Thiopurine S-methyltransferase deficiency (TPMT deficiency)
|
|
|
Recruitment of repair and signaling proteins to double-strand breaks
|
|
|
ISG15 antiviral mechanism
|
|
|
DCC mediated attractive signaling
|
|
|
Trafficking of dietary sterols
|
|
|
DNA Replication Pre-Initiation
|
|
|
Acetylcholine Binding And Downstream Events
|
|
|
Kinesins
|
|
|
Glutathione synthesis and recycling
|
|
|
Budding and maturation of HIV virion
|
|
|
Transcription-coupled NER (TC-NER)
|
|
|
Transport to the Golgi and subsequent modification
|
|
|
Terminal pathway of complement
|
|
|
Laminin interactions
|
|
|
NGF processing
|
The generation of a mature nerve growth factor (NGF) by proteolysis of a precursor.
|
|
Export of Viral Ribonucleoproteins from Nucleus
|
|
|
Formation of apoptosome
|
|
|
ER to Golgi Transport
|
The directed movement of substances from the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) to the Golgi, mediated by COP II vesicles. Small COP II coated vesicles form from the ER and then fuse directly with the cis-Golgi. Larger structures are transported along microtubules to the cis-Golgi.
|
|
Glutamate Binding, Activation of AMPA Receptors and Synaptic Plasticity
|
|
|
TWIK related potassium channel (TREK)
|
|
|
Chemokine receptors bind chemokines
|
|
|
Toll Like Receptor 7/8 (TLR7/8) Cascade
|
|
|
ATM mediated response to DNA double-strand break
|
|
|
NRAGE signals death through JNK
|
|
|
Defective CHST3 causes SEDCJD
|
|
|
Defective BTD causes biotidinase deficiency
|
|
|
Tat-mediated elongation of the HIV-1 transcript
|
|
|
Pre-NOTCH Processing in Golgi
|
|
|
Activation of RAS in B cells
|
|
|
Cellular Senescence
|
A cell aging process stimulated in response to cellular stress, whereby normal cells lose the ability to divide through irreversible cell cycle arrest.
|
|
Chromatin modifying enzymes
|
|
|
misspliced LRP5 mutants have enhanced beta-catenin-dependent signaling
|
|
|
Defective B4GALT7 causes EDS, progeroid type
|
|
|
Leukotriene receptors
|
|
|
Neurotransmitter Receptor Binding And Downstream Transmission In The Postsynaptic Cell
|
|
|
Nuclear signaling by ERBB4
|
|
|
2-LTR circle formation
|
|
|
Defective MOGS causes MOGS-CDG (CDG-2b)
|
|
|
FGFR2b ligand binding and activation
|
|
|
Interferon alpha/beta signaling
|
|
|
Downstream signal transduction
|
|
|
BMAL1:CLOCK,NPAS2 activates circadian gene expression
|
|
|
Signalling to p38 via RIT and RIN
|
|
|
GAB1 signalosome
|
|
|
Programmed Cell Death
|
A process which begins when a cell receives an internal or external signal and activates a series of biochemical events (signaling pathway). The process ends with the death of the cell.
|
|
APOBEC3G mediated resistance to HIV-1 infection
|
|
|
NF-kB activation through FADD/RIP-1 pathway mediated by caspase-8 and -10
|
|
|
Leading Strand Synthesis
|
|
|
Signaling by Hippo
|
|
|
Chaperonin-mediated protein folding
|
|
|
STING mediated induction of host immune responses
|
|
|
Notch-HLH transcription pathway
|
|
|
Synthesis and processing of ENV and VPU
|
|
|
Methylation
|
The process in which a methyl group is covalently attached to a molecule.
|
|
HuR stabilizes mRNA
|
|
|
RNA Polymerase II Transcription
|
|
|
Synthesis of Prostaglandins (PG) and Thromboxanes (TX)
|
|
|
CD28 dependent Vav1 pathway
|
|
|
Cohesin Loading onto Chromatin
|
|
|
Assembly Of The HIV Virion
|
|
|
Synthesis of Lipoxins (LX)
|
|
|
Collagen biosynthesis and modifying enzymes
|
|
|
Activation of ATR in response to replication stress
|
|
|
Conjugation of benzoate with glycine
|
|
|
Toxicity of botulinum toxin type B (BoNT/B)
|
|
|
APC/C-mediated degradation of cell cycle proteins
|
|
|
Resolution of D-loop structures
|
|
|
Degradation of the extracellular matrix
|
|
|
Attachment of GPI anchor to uPAR
|
|
|
G-protein beta:gamma signalling
|
|
|
Signaling by ERBB4
|
|
|
Nicotinamide salvaging
|
|
|
Chylomicron-mediated lipid transport
|
|
|
Apoptosis
|
|
|
t(4;14) translocations of FGFR3
|
|
|
Signaling by VEGF
|
|
|
Phospholipid metabolism
|
The chemical reactions and pathways involving phospholipids, any lipid containing phosphoric acid as a mono- or diester.
|
|
Telomere Extension By Telomerase
|
|
|
Processing of Intronless Pre-mRNAs
|
|
|
Synthesis and interconversion of nucleotide di- and triphosphates
|
|
|
Zinc influx into cells by the SLC39 gene family
|
|
|
SMAD4 MH2 Domain Mutants in Cancer
|
|
|
The retinoid cycle in cones (daylight vision)
|
|
|
Amino acid and oligopeptide SLC transporters
|
|
|
HSF1 activation
|
|
|
RAF activation
|
|
|
Ethanol oxidation
|
An ethanol metabolic process in which ethanol is converted to acetyl-CoA via acetaldehyde and acetate.
|
|
Vasopressin regulates renal water homeostasis via Aquaporins
|
|
|
IRAK2 mediated activation of TAK1 complex
|
|
|
Plus-strand DNA synthesis
|
|
|
Adrenaline signalling through Alpha-2 adrenergic receptor
|
|
|
Signaling by Type 1 Insulin-like Growth Factor 1 Receptor (IGF1R)
|
|
|
Regulation of Commissural axon pathfinding by Slit and Robo
|
|
|
Viral mRNA Translation
|
|
|
Cytosolic iron-sulfur cluster assembly
|
|
|
Calmodulin induced events
|
|
|
ATF6-alpha activates chaperones
|
|
|
Golgi to ER Retrograde Transport
|
|
|
Antigen Presentation: Folding, assembly and peptide loading of class I MHC
|
|
|
Vpu mediated degradation of CD4
|
|
|
Condensation of Prophase Chromosomes
|
|
|
RA biosynthesis pathway
|
|
|
Interaction With Cumulus Cells
|
|
|
PI3K events in ERBB2 signaling
|
|
|
Abortive elongation of HIV-1 transcript in the absence of Tat
|
|
|
Classical antibody-mediated complement activation
|
|
|
IRAK2 mediated activation of TAK1 complex upon TLR7/8 or 9 stimulation
|
|
|
TRIF-mediated TLR3/TLR4 signaling
|
|
|
Signaling by Wnt
|
|
|
Virus Assembly and Release
|
|
|
Formation of ATP by chemiosmotic coupling
|
|
|
ERK1 activation
|
|
|
eNOS activation
|
|
|
Peroxisomal lipid metabolism
|
|
|
Hh ligand biogenesis disease
|
|
|
Metabolism of proteins
|
|
|
Circadian Clock
|
|
|
AMPK inhibits chREBP transcriptional activation activity
|
|
|
Adenosine P1 receptors
|
|
|
Apoptosis induced DNA fragmentation
|
|
|
Detoxification of Reactive Oxygen Species
|
|
|
FGFR4 ligand binding and activation
|
|
|
Sterols are 12-hydroxylated by CYP8B1
|
|
|
Synthesis of dolichyl-phosphate mannose
|
|
|
Acyl chain remodelling of PE
|
|
|
Acyl chain remodelling of PC
|
|
|
Translesion synthesis by Pol zeta
|
|
|
Acyl chain remodelling of PI
|
|
|
P2Y receptors
|
|
|
Acyl chain remodelling of PS
|
|
|
FGFR ligand binding and activation
|
|
|
Beta defensins
|
|
|
MicroRNA (miRNA) biogenesis
|
|
|
Galactose catabolism
|
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of galactose, the aldohexose galacto-hexose.
|
|
Reversal of Alkylation Damage By DNA Dioxygenases
|
|
|
COPI Mediated Transport
|
|
|
Regulation of Rheb GTPase activity by AMPK
|
|
|
Anchoring fibril formation
|
|
|
Hexose transport
|
The directed movement of hexose into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore. Hexoses are any aldoses with a chain of six carbon atoms in the molecule.
|
|
SLC-mediated transmembrane transport
|
|
|
Antagonism of Activin by Follistatin
|
|
|
SHC-mediated cascade
|
|
|
Basigin interactions
|
|
|
IRE1alpha activates chaperones
|
|
|
TGFBR2 MSI Frameshift Mutants in Cancer
|
|
|
negative regulation of TCF-dependent signaling by WNT ligand antagonists
|
|
|
Toxicity of botulinum toxin type C (BoNT/C)
|
|
|
Synthesis, secretion, and deacylation of Ghrelin
|
|
|
Attenuation phase
|
|
|
KSRP destabilizes mRNA
|
|
|
Dopamine receptors
|
|
|
NoRC negatively regulates rRNA expression
|
|
|
Pyrophosphate hydrolysis
|
|
|
Pre-NOTCH Transcription and Translation
|
|
|
deletions in the AMER1 gene destabilize the destruction complex
|
|
|
beta-catenin independent WNT signaling
|
|
|
Defective SLC35D1 causes Schneckenbecken dysplasia (SCHBCKD)
|
|
|
GRB2:SOS provides linkage to MAPK signaling for Integrins
|
|
|
Chk1/Chk2(Cds1) mediated inactivation of Cyclin B:Cdk1 complex
|
|
|
Cdc20:Phospho-APC/C mediated degradation of Cyclin A
|
|
|
DNA Damage Reversal
|
|
|
Antigen processing: Ubiquitination & Proteasome degradation
|
|
|
Synthesis of CL
|
|
|
PKB-mediated events
|
|
|
Gap-filling DNA repair synthesis and ligation in TC-NER
|
|
|
Heme biosynthesis
|
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of heme, any compound of iron complexed in a porphyrin (tetrapyrrole) ring, from less complex precursors.
|
|
Hedgehog ligand biogenesis
|
|
|
Inositol phosphate metabolism
|
The chemical reactions and pathways involving inositol phosphate, 1,2,3,4,5,6-cyclohexanehexol, with one or more phosphate groups attached.
|
|
Dissolution of Fibrin Clot
|
|
|
Endosomal/Vacuolar pathway
|
|
|
Regulation of Hypoxia-inducible Factor (HIF) by oxygen
|
|
|
Repair synthesis of patch ~27-30 bases long by DNA polymerase
|
|
|
Phase II conjugation
|
|
|
PKA-mediated phosphorylation of key metabolic factors
|
|
|
Formation of the active cofactor, UDP-glucuronate
|
|
|
Defective HLCS causes multiple carboxylase deficiency
|
|
|
FGFR1 ligand binding and activation
|
|
|
RNA Polymerase II HIV Promoter Escape
|
|
|
G-protein mediated events
|
|
|
deletions in the AXIN genes in hepatocellular carcinoma result in elevated WNT signaling
|
|
|
Signaling by activated point mutants of FGFR1
|
|
|
Type I hemidesmosome assembly
|
|
|
Signaling by activated point mutants of FGFR3
|
|
|
Deadenylation of mRNA
|
|
|
JNK (c-Jun kinases) phosphorylation and activation mediated by activated human TAK1
|
|
|
Telomere C-strand (Lagging Strand) Synthesis
|
|
|
mTORC1-mediated signalling
|
|
|
Respiratory electron transport
|
|
|
Neurophilin interactions with VEGF and VEGFR
|
|
|
Intraflagellar transport
|
The bidirectional movement of large protein complexes along microtubules within a cilium, mediated by motor proteins.
|
|
Free fatty acid receptors
|
|
|
Beta oxidation of palmitoyl-CoA to myristoyl-CoA
|
|
|
Heparan sulfate/heparin (HS-GAG) metabolism
|
|
|
Nonsense Mediated Decay (NMD) enhanced by the Exon Junction Complex (EJC)
|
|
|
Synthesis of very long-chain fatty acyl-CoAs
|
|
|
CREB phosphorylation through the activation of Ras
|
|
|
Toxicity of botulinum toxin type A (BoNT/A)
|
|
|
Free fatty acids regulate insulin secretion
|
|
|
Membrane Trafficking
|
|
|
Lipid digestion, mobilization, and transport
|
|
|
Cholesterol biosynthesis
|
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of cholesterol, cholest-5-en-3 beta-ol, the principal sterol of vertebrates and the precursor of many steroids, including bile acids and steroid hormones.
|
|
Synthesis of bile acids and bile salts via 27-hydroxycholesterol
|
|
|
NOD1/2 Signaling Pathway
|
|
|
Activation of GABAB receptors
|
|
|
Post-chaperonin tubulin folding pathway
|
Completion of folding of alpha- and beta-tubulin; takes place subsequent to chaperonin-mediated partial folding; mediated by a complex of folding cofactors.
|
|
Signal attenuation
|
|
|
Sperm:Oocyte Membrane Binding
|
|
|
Rev-mediated nuclear export of HIV RNA
|
|
|
DNA Damage Bypass
|
|
|
Nitric oxide stimulates guanylate cyclase
|
|
|
Dopamine clearance from the synaptic cleft
|
|
|
Defective DPAGT1 causes DPAGT1-CDG (CDG-1j) and CMSTA2
|
|
|
HS-GAG biosynthesis
|
|
|
Activation of Rac
|
|
|
Cell surface interactions at the vascular wall
|
|
|
Oxidative Stress Induced Senescence
|
|
|
Heme degradation
|
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of heme, any compound of iron complexed in a porphyrin (tetrapyrrole) ring.
|
|
Nicotinate metabolism
|
The chemical reactions and pathways involving nicotinate.
|
|
EPHB-mediated forward signaling
|
|
|
Defective CYP11B1 causes Adrenal hyperplasia 4 (AH4)
|
|
|
Glucagon-type ligand receptors
|
|
|
Tandem pore domain halothane-inhibited K+ channel (THIK)
|
|
|
Initiation of Nuclear Envelope Reformation
|
|
|
Downstream signaling of activated FGFR
|
|
|
Scavenging by Class F Receptors
|
|
|
Tie2 Signaling
|
|
|
SHC1 events in ERBB2 signaling
|
|
|
Potassium transport channels
|
|
|
Ion transport by P-type ATPases
|
|
|
RNA Polymerase I Transcription Termination
|
The process in which the synthesis of an RNA molecule by RNA polymerase I using a DNA template is completed. RNAP I termination requires binding of a terminator protein so specific sequences downstream of the transcription unit.
|
|
Signaling by EGFR
|
|
|
Transport of inorganic cations/anions and amino acids/oligopeptides
|
|
|
IRS activation
|
|
|
Transcription
|
The cellular synthesis of RNA on a template of DNA.
|
|
Fibronectin matrix formation
|
|
|
Amino acid transport across the plasma membrane
|
|
|
Degradation of GLI1 by the proteasome
|
|
|
p38MAPK events
|
|
|
misspliced GSK3beta mutants stabilize beta-catenin
|
|
|
Serine biosynthesis
|
|
|
DNA strand elongation
|
The DNA metabolic process in which a DNA strand is synthesized by adding nucleotides to the 3' end of an existing DNA stand.
|
|
Generation of second messenger molecules
|
|
|
Acyl chain remodeling of DAG and TAG
|
|
|
MyD88:Mal cascade initiated on plasma membrane
|
|
|
G protein gated Potassium channels
|
|
|
Calnexin/calreticulin cycle
|
|
|
Nuclear Envelope Reassembly
|
The reformation of the nuclear envelope following its breakdown in the context of a normal process.
|
|
Processing-defective Hh variants abrogate ligand secretion
|
|
|
Degradation of beta-catenin by the destruction complex
|
|
|
G alpha (q) signalling events
|
|
|
Cellular response to heat stress
|
Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a heat stimulus, a temperature stimulus above the optimal temperature for that organism.
|
|
HIV Transcription Elongation
|
|
|
Type II Na+/Pi cotransporters
|
|
|
Response of Mtb to phagocytosis
|
|
|
Regulation by TREX1
|
|
|
VEGFR2 mediated vascular permeability
|
|
|
Toll Like Receptor 2 (TLR2) Cascade
|
|
|
Fertilization
|
The union of gametes of opposite sexes during the process of sexual reproduction to form a zygote. It involves the fusion of the gametic nuclei (karyogamy) and cytoplasm (plasmogamy).
|
|
vRNP Assembly
|
|
|
Homologous recombination repair of replication-independent double-strand breaks
|
|
|
Respiratory electron transport, ATP synthesis by chemiosmotic coupling, and heat production by uncoupling proteins.
|
|
|
Synthesis, secretion, and inactivation of Glucose-dependent Insulinotropic Polypeptide (GIP)
|
|
|
Biosynthesis of the N-glycan precursor (dolichol lipid-linked oligosaccharide, LLO) and transfer to a nascent protein
|
|
|
FCGR activation
|
|
|
GABA B receptor activation
|
|
|
Interaction between L1 and Ankyrins
|
|
|
Metabolism of amino acids and derivatives
|
|
|
Mismatch Repair
|
A system for the correction of errors in which an incorrect base, which cannot form hydrogen bonds with the corresponding base in the parent strand, is incorporated into the daughter strand. The mismatch repair system promotes genomic fidelity by repairing base-base mismatches, insertion-deletion loops and heterologies generated during DNA replication and recombination.
|
|
Uncoating of the HIV Virion
|
|
|
Tolerance by Mtb to nitric oxide produced by macrophages
|
|
|
Bile acid and bile salt metabolism
|
|
