ACKR1 Gene

HGNC Family Blood group antigens, G protein-coupled receptors, CD molecules (CD)
Name atypical chemokine receptor 1 (Duffy blood group)
Description The protein encoded by this gene is a glycosylated membrane protein and a non-specific receptor for several chemokines. The encoded protein is the receptor for the human malarial parasites Plasmodium vivax and Plasmodium knowlesi. Polymorphisms in this gene are the basis of the Duffy blood group system. Two transcript variants encoding different isoforms have been found for this gene. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]
Summary
{"type": "root", "children": [{"type": "p", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "\n ACKR1, also known as the Duffy antigen receptor for chemokines (DARC), is a “silent” or atypical chemokine receptor that does not signal via traditional G‐protein pathways yet plays a critical regulatory role in chemokine homeostasis and leukocyte trafficking. Studies show that on vascular endothelial cells—particularly those lining postcapillary venules—ACKR1 is enriched at intercellular junctions, where it binds and “presents” chemokines (for example, CXCL2) by mediating their transcytosis and creating a junctional depot. This spatial presentation of chemokines establishes unidirectional gradients that guide transmigrating neutrophils from the vessel lumen to the tissue, thereby facilitating efficient extravasation during inflammation."}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_f", "ref": "1"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " In parallel, ACKR1 expressed on erythrocytes sequesters inflammatory chemokines, influencing their circulating levels and, as a consequence, systemic immune responses. Genetic studies indicate that variants such as the Duffy null allele—which leads to absent erythroid ACKR1—are associated with altered white blood cell counts and have implications for susceptibility to infections and inflammatory states."}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_f", "ref": "3"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " Together, these findings underscore that although ACKR1 lacks conventional signaling activity, its capacity to bind, translocate, and clear chemokines is central to shaping both local leukocyte recruitment and systemic inflammatory processes.\n "}]}, {"type": "rg", "children": [{"type": "r", "ref": 1, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Tamara Girbl, Tchern Lenn, Lorena Perez, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Distinct Compartmentalization of the Chemokines CXCL1 and CXCL2 and the Atypical Receptor ACKR1 Determine Discrete Stages of Neutrophil Diapedesis."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Immunity (2018)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1016/j.immuni.2018.09.018"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.immuni.2018.09.018"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "30446388"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30446388"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 2, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Aude Thiriot, Carolina Perdomo, Guiying Cheng, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Differential DARC/ACKR1 expression distinguishes venular from non-venular endothelial cells in murine tissues."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "BMC Biol (2017)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1186/s12915-017-0381-7"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1186/s12915-017-0381-7"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "28526034"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28526034"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 3, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "David Reich, Michael A Nalls, W H Linda Kao, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Reduced neutrophil count in people of African descent is due to a regulatory variant in the Duffy antigen receptor for chemokines gene."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "PLoS Genet (2009)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1371/journal.pgen.1000360"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pgen.1000360"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "19180233"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19180233"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 4, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Monika Pruenster, Liesbeth Mudde, Paula Bombosi, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "The Duffy antigen receptor for chemokines transports chemokines and supports their promigratory activity."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Nat Immunol (2009)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1038/ni.1675"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1038/ni.1675"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "19060902"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19060902"}]}]}]}
Synonyms DFY, GPD, GPFY, FY, WBCQ1, DARC/ACKR1, CCBP1, CD234, DARC
Proteins ACKR1_HUMAN
NCBI Gene ID 2532
API
Download Associations
Predicted Functions View ACKR1's ARCHS4 Predicted Functions.
Co-expressed Genes View ACKR1's ARCHS4 Predicted Functions.
Expression in Tissues and Cell Lines View ACKR1's ARCHS4 Predicted Functions.

Functional Associations

ACKR1 has 5,702 functional associations with biological entities spanning 7 categories (molecular profile, chemical, disease, phenotype or trait, functional term, phrase or reference, structural feature, cell line, cell type or tissue, gene, protein or microRNA) extracted from 99 datasets.

Click the + buttons to view associations for ACKR1 from the datasets below.

If available, associations are ranked by standardized value

Dataset Summary
Allen Brain Atlas Adult Human Brain Tissue Gene Expression Profiles tissues with high or low expression of ACKR1 gene relative to other tissues from the Allen Brain Atlas Adult Human Brain Tissue Gene Expression Profiles dataset.
Allen Brain Atlas Adult Mouse Brain Tissue Gene Expression Profiles tissues with high or low expression of ACKR1 gene relative to other tissues from the Allen Brain Atlas Adult Mouse Brain Tissue Gene Expression Profiles dataset.
Allen Brain Atlas Aging Dementia and Traumatic Brain Injury Tissue Sample Gene Expression Profiles tissue samples with high or low expression of ACKR1 gene relative to other tissue samples from the Allen Brain Atlas Aging Dementia and Traumatic Brain Injury Tissue Sample Gene Expression Profiles dataset.
Allen Brain Atlas Developing Human Brain Tissue Gene Expression Profiles by Microarray tissue samples with high or low expression of ACKR1 gene relative to other tissue samples from the Allen Brain Atlas Developing Human Brain Tissue Gene Expression Profiles by Microarray dataset.
Allen Brain Atlas Developing Human Brain Tissue Gene Expression Profiles by RNA-seq tissue samples with high or low expression of ACKR1 gene relative to other tissue samples from the Allen Brain Atlas Developing Human Brain Tissue Gene Expression Profiles by RNA-seq dataset.
Allen Brain Atlas Prenatal Human Brain Tissue Gene Expression Profiles tissues with high or low expression of ACKR1 gene relative to other tissues from the Allen Brain Atlas Prenatal Human Brain Tissue Gene Expression Profiles dataset.
BioGPS Cell Line Gene Expression Profiles cell lines with high or low expression of ACKR1 gene relative to other cell lines from the BioGPS Cell Line Gene Expression Profiles dataset.
BioGPS Human Cell Type and Tissue Gene Expression Profiles cell types and tissues with high or low expression of ACKR1 gene relative to other cell types and tissues from the BioGPS Human Cell Type and Tissue Gene Expression Profiles dataset.
BioGPS Mouse Cell Type and Tissue Gene Expression Profiles cell types and tissues with high or low expression of ACKR1 gene relative to other cell types and tissues from the BioGPS Mouse Cell Type and Tissue Gene Expression Profiles dataset.
Carcinogenome Chemical Perturbation Carcinogenicity Signatures small molecule perturbations changing expression of ACKR1 gene from the Carcinogenome Chemical Perturbation Carcinogenicity Signatures dataset.
CCLE Cell Line Gene CNV Profiles cell lines with high or low copy number of ACKR1 gene relative to other cell lines from the CCLE Cell Line Gene CNV Profiles dataset.
CCLE Cell Line Gene Expression Profiles cell lines with high or low expression of ACKR1 gene relative to other cell lines from the CCLE Cell Line Gene Expression Profiles dataset.
CellMarker Gene-Cell Type Associations cell types associated with ACKR1 gene from the CellMarker Gene-Cell Type Associations dataset.
ChEA Transcription Factor Binding Site Profiles transcription factor binding site profiles with transcription factor binding evidence at the promoter of ACKR1 gene from the CHEA Transcription Factor Binding Site Profiles dataset.
ChEA Transcription Factor Targets transcription factors binding the promoter of ACKR1 gene in low- or high-throughput transcription factor functional studies from the CHEA Transcription Factor Targets dataset.
ClinVar Gene-Phenotype Associations 2025 phenotypes associated with ACKR1 gene from the curated ClinVar Gene-Phenotype Associations 2025 dataset.
CMAP Signatures of Differentially Expressed Genes for Small Molecules small molecule perturbations changing expression of ACKR1 gene from the CMAP Signatures of Differentially Expressed Genes for Small Molecules dataset.
COMPARTMENTS Curated Protein Localization Evidence Scores cellular components containing ACKR1 protein from the COMPARTMENTS Curated Protein Localization Evidence Scores dataset.
COMPARTMENTS Curated Protein Localization Evidence Scores 2025 cellular components containing ACKR1 protein from the COMPARTMENTS Curated Protein Localization Evidence Scores 2025 dataset.
COMPARTMENTS Text-mining Protein Localization Evidence Scores cellular components co-occuring with ACKR1 protein in abstracts of biomedical publications from the COMPARTMENTS Text-mining Protein Localization Evidence Scores dataset.
COMPARTMENTS Text-mining Protein Localization Evidence Scores 2025 cellular components co-occuring with ACKR1 protein in abstracts of biomedical publications from the COMPARTMENTS Text-mining Protein Localization Evidence Scores 2025 dataset.
COSMIC Cell Line Gene Mutation Profiles cell lines with ACKR1 gene mutations from the COSMIC Cell Line Gene Mutation Profiles dataset.
CTD Gene-Chemical Interactions chemicals interacting with ACKR1 gene/protein from the curated CTD Gene-Chemical Interactions dataset.
CTD Gene-Disease Associations diseases associated with ACKR1 gene/protein from the curated CTD Gene-Disease Associations dataset.
dbGAP Gene-Trait Associations traits associated with ACKR1 gene in GWAS and other genetic association datasets from the dbGAP Gene-Trait Associations dataset.
DepMap CRISPR Gene Dependency cell lines with fitness changed by ACKR1 gene knockdown relative to other cell lines from the DepMap CRISPR Gene Dependency dataset.
DISEASES Text-mining Gene-Disease Association Evidence Scores diseases co-occuring with ACKR1 gene in abstracts of biomedical publications from the DISEASES Text-mining Gene-Disease Assocation Evidence Scores dataset.
DISEASES Text-mining Gene-Disease Association Evidence Scores 2025 diseases co-occuring with ACKR1 gene in abstracts of biomedical publications from the DISEASES Text-mining Gene-Disease Assocation Evidence Scores 2025 dataset.
DisGeNET Gene-Disease Associations diseases associated with ACKR1 gene in GWAS and other genetic association datasets from the DisGeNET Gene-Disease Associations dataset.
DisGeNET Gene-Phenotype Associations phenotypes associated with ACKR1 gene in GWAS and other genetic association datasets from the DisGeNET Gene-Phenoptype Associations dataset.
ENCODE Histone Modification Site Profiles histone modification site profiles with high histone modification abundance at ACKR1 gene from the ENCODE Histone Modification Site Profiles dataset.
ENCODE Transcription Factor Binding Site Profiles transcription factor binding site profiles with transcription factor binding evidence at the promoter of ACKR1 gene from the ENCODE Transcription Factor Binding Site Profiles dataset.
ENCODE Transcription Factor Targets transcription factors binding the promoter of ACKR1 gene in ChIP-seq datasets from the ENCODE Transcription Factor Targets dataset.
ESCAPE Omics Signatures of Genes and Proteins for Stem Cells PubMedIDs of publications reporting gene signatures containing ACKR1 from the ESCAPE Omics Signatures of Genes and Proteins for Stem Cells dataset.
GAD Gene-Disease Associations diseases associated with ACKR1 gene in GWAS and other genetic association datasets from the GAD Gene-Disease Associations dataset.
GDSC Cell Line Gene Expression Profiles cell lines with high or low expression of ACKR1 gene relative to other cell lines from the GDSC Cell Line Gene Expression Profiles dataset.
GeneRIF Biological Term Annotations biological terms co-occuring with ACKR1 gene in literature-supported statements describing functions of genes from the GeneRIF Biological Term Annotations dataset.
GeneSigDB Published Gene Signatures PubMedIDs of publications reporting gene signatures containing ACKR1 from the GeneSigDB Published Gene Signatures dataset.
GEO Signatures of Differentially Expressed Genes for Kinase Perturbations kinase perturbations changing expression of ACKR1 gene from the GEO Signatures of Differentially Expressed Genes for Kinase Perturbations dataset.
GEO Signatures of Differentially Expressed Genes for Small Molecules small molecule perturbations changing expression of ACKR1 gene from the GEO Signatures of Differentially Expressed Genes for Small Molecules dataset.
GEO Signatures of Differentially Expressed Genes for Transcription Factor Perturbations transcription factor perturbations changing expression of ACKR1 gene from the GEO Signatures of Differentially Expressed Genes for Transcription Factor Perturbations dataset.
GO Biological Process Annotations 2015 biological processes involving ACKR1 gene from the curated GO Biological Process Annotations 2015 dataset.
GO Biological Process Annotations 2023 biological processes involving ACKR1 gene from the curated GO Biological Process Annotations 2023 dataset.
GO Biological Process Annotations 2025 biological processes involving ACKR1 gene from the curated GO Biological Process Annotations2025 dataset.
GO Cellular Component Annotations 2015 cellular components containing ACKR1 protein from the curated GO Cellular Component Annotations 2015 dataset.
GO Molecular Function Annotations 2015 molecular functions performed by ACKR1 gene from the curated GO Molecular Function Annotations 2015 dataset.
GO Molecular Function Annotations 2023 molecular functions performed by ACKR1 gene from the curated GO Molecular Function Annotations 2023 dataset.
GO Molecular Function Annotations 2025 molecular functions performed by ACKR1 gene from the curated GO Molecular Function Annotations 2025 dataset.
GTEx Tissue Gene Expression Profiles tissues with high or low expression of ACKR1 gene relative to other tissues from the GTEx Tissue Gene Expression Profiles dataset.
GTEx Tissue Gene Expression Profiles 2023 tissues with high or low expression of ACKR1 gene relative to other tissues from the GTEx Tissue Gene Expression Profiles 2023 dataset.
GTEx Tissue Sample Gene Expression Profiles tissue samples with high or low expression of ACKR1 gene relative to other tissue samples from the GTEx Tissue Sample Gene Expression Profiles dataset.
GTEx Tissue-Specific Aging Signatures tissue samples with high or low expression of ACKR1 gene relative to other tissue samples from the GTEx Tissue-Specific Aging Signatures dataset.
GWAS Catalog SNP-Phenotype Associations phenotypes associated with ACKR1 gene in GWAS datasets from the GWAS Catalog SNP-Phenotype Associations dataset.
GWAS Catalog SNP-Phenotype Associations 2025 phenotypes associated with ACKR1 gene in GWAS datasets from the GWAS Catalog SNP-Phenotype Associations 2025 dataset.
GWASdb SNP-Disease Associations diseases associated with ACKR1 gene in GWAS and other genetic association datasets from the GWASdb SNP-Disease Associations dataset.
GWASdb SNP-Phenotype Associations phenotypes associated with ACKR1 gene in GWAS datasets from the GWASdb SNP-Phenotype Associations dataset.
HPA Tissue Gene Expression Profiles tissues with high or low expression of ACKR1 gene relative to other tissues from the HPA Tissue Gene Expression Profiles dataset.
HPA Tissue Protein Expression Profiles tissues with high or low expression of ACKR1 protein relative to other tissues from the HPA Tissue Protein Expression Profiles dataset.
HPA Tissue Sample Gene Expression Profiles tissue samples with high or low expression of ACKR1 gene relative to other tissue samples from the HPA Tissue Sample Gene Expression Profiles dataset.
HuBMAP ASCT+B Annotations cell types associated with ACKR1 gene from the HuBMAP ASCT+B dataset.
HuBMAP ASCT+B Augmented with RNA-seq Coexpression cell types associated with ACKR1 gene from the HuBMAP ASCT+B Augmented with RNA-seq Coexpression dataset.
HuBMAP Azimuth Cell Type Annotations cell types associated with ACKR1 gene from the HuBMAP Azimuth Cell Type Annotations dataset.
HuGE Navigator Gene-Phenotype Associations phenotypes associated with ACKR1 gene by text-mining GWAS publications from the HuGE Navigator Gene-Phenotype Associations dataset.
InterPro Predicted Protein Domain Annotations protein domains predicted for ACKR1 protein from the InterPro Predicted Protein Domain Annotations dataset.
JASPAR Predicted Human Transcription Factor Targets 2025 transcription factors regulating expression of ACKR1 gene predicted using known transcription factor binding site motifs from the JASPAR Predicted Human Transcription Factor Targets dataset.
JASPAR Predicted Mouse Transcription Factor Targets 2025 transcription factors regulating expression of ACKR1 gene predicted using known transcription factor binding site motifs from the JASPAR Predicted Mouse Transcription Factor Targets 2025 dataset.
JASPAR Predicted Transcription Factor Targets transcription factors regulating expression of ACKR1 gene predicted using known transcription factor binding site motifs from the JASPAR Predicted Transcription Factor Targets dataset.
KEGG Pathways 2026 pathways involving ACKR1 protein from the KEGG Pathways 2026 dataset.
Klijn et al., Nat. Biotechnol., 2015 Cell Line Gene CNV Profiles cell lines with high or low copy number of ACKR1 gene relative to other cell lines from the Klijn et al., Nat. Biotechnol., 2015 Cell Line Gene CNV Profiles dataset.
LINCS L1000 CMAP Chemical Perturbation Consensus Signatures small molecule perturbations changing expression of ACKR1 gene from the LINCS L1000 CMAP Chemical Perturbations Consensus Signatures dataset.
LINCS L1000 CMAP CRISPR Knockout Consensus Signatures gene perturbations changing expression of ACKR1 gene from the LINCS L1000 CMAP CRISPR Knockout Consensus Signatures dataset.
LINCS L1000 CMAP Signatures of Differentially Expressed Genes for Small Molecules small molecule perturbations changing expression of ACKR1 gene from the LINCS L1000 CMAP Signatures of Differentially Expressed Genes for Small Molecules dataset.
LOCATE Curated Protein Localization Annotations cellular components containing ACKR1 protein in low- or high-throughput protein localization assays from the LOCATE Curated Protein Localization Annotations dataset.
LOCATE Predicted Protein Localization Annotations cellular components predicted to contain ACKR1 protein from the LOCATE Predicted Protein Localization Annotations dataset.
MGI Mouse Phenotype Associations 2023 phenotypes of transgenic mice caused by ACKR1 gene mutations from the MGI Mouse Phenotype Associations 2023 dataset.
MPO Gene-Phenotype Associations phenotypes of transgenic mice caused by ACKR1 gene mutations from the MPO Gene-Phenotype Associations dataset.
MSigDB Cancer Gene Co-expression Modules co-expressed genes for ACKR1 from the MSigDB Cancer Gene Co-expression Modules dataset.
MSigDB Signatures of Differentially Expressed Genes for Cancer Gene Perturbations gene perturbations changing expression of ACKR1 gene from the MSigDB Signatures of Differentially Expressed Genes for Cancer Gene Perturbations dataset.
NIBR DRUG-seq U2OS MoA Box Gene Expression Profiles drug perturbations changing expression of ACKR1 gene from the NIBR DRUG-seq U2OS MoA Box dataset.
OMIM Gene-Disease Associations phenotypes associated with ACKR1 gene from the curated OMIM Gene-Disease Associations dataset.
PerturbAtlas Signatures of Differentially Expressed Genes for Gene Perturbations gene perturbations changing expression of ACKR1 gene from the PerturbAtlas Signatures of Differentially Expressed Genes for Gene Perturbations dataset.
PerturbAtlas Signatures of Differentially Expressed Genes for Mouse Gene Perturbations gene perturbations changing expression of ACKR1 gene from the PerturbAtlas Signatures of Differentially Expressed Genes for Gene Perturbations dataset.
PFOCR Pathway Figure Associations 2024 pathways involving ACKR1 protein from the Wikipathways PFOCR 2024 dataset.
Reactome Pathways 2014 pathways involving ACKR1 protein from the Reactome Pathways dataset.
Reactome Pathways 2024 pathways involving ACKR1 protein from the Reactome Pathways 2024 dataset.
Roadmap Epigenomics Histone Modification Site Profiles histone modification site profiles with high histone modification abundance at ACKR1 gene from the Roadmap Epigenomics Histone Modification Site Profiles dataset.
RummaGEO Drug Perturbation Signatures drug perturbations changing expression of ACKR1 gene from the RummaGEO Drug Perturbation Signatures dataset.
RummaGEO Gene Perturbation Signatures gene perturbations changing expression of ACKR1 gene from the RummaGEO Gene Perturbation Signatures dataset.
Tabula Sapiens Gene-Cell Associations cell types with high or low expression of ACKR1 gene relative to other cell types from the Tabula Sapiens Gene-Cell Associations dataset.
TargetScan Predicted Nonconserved microRNA Targets microRNAs regulating expression of ACKR1 gene predicted using nonconserved miRNA seed sequences from the TargetScan Predicted Nonconserved microRNA Targets dataset.
TCGA Signatures of Differentially Expressed Genes for Tumors tissue samples with high or low expression of ACKR1 gene relative to other tissue samples from the TCGA Signatures of Differentially Expressed Genes for Tumors dataset.
TISSUES Curated Tissue Protein Expression Evidence Scores tissues with high expression of ACKR1 protein from the TISSUES Curated Tissue Protein Expression Evidence Scores dataset.
TISSUES Curated Tissue Protein Expression Evidence Scores 2025 tissues with high expression of ACKR1 protein from the TISSUES Curated Tissue Protein Expression Evidence Scores 2025 dataset.
TISSUES Experimental Tissue Protein Expression Evidence Scores tissues with high expression of ACKR1 protein in proteomics datasets from the TISSUES Experimental Tissue Protein Expression Evidence Scores dataset.
TISSUES Experimental Tissue Protein Expression Evidence Scores 2025 tissues with high expression of ACKR1 protein in proteomics datasets from the TISSUES Experimental Tissue Protein Expression Evidence Scores 2025 dataset.
TISSUES Text-mining Tissue Protein Expression Evidence Scores tissues co-occuring with ACKR1 protein in abstracts of biomedical publications from the TISSUES Text-mining Tissue Protein Expression Evidence Scores dataset.
TISSUES Text-mining Tissue Protein Expression Evidence Scores 2025 tissues co-occuring with ACKR1 protein in abstracts of biomedical publications from the TISSUES Text-mining Tissue Protein Expression Evidence Scores 2025 dataset.
WikiPathways Pathways 2014 pathways involving ACKR1 protein from the Wikipathways Pathways 2014 dataset.
WikiPathways Pathways 2024 pathways involving ACKR1 protein from the WikiPathways Pathways 2024 dataset.