{"type": "root", "children": [{"type": "p", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "\n Long non‐coding RNA ADAMTS9‐AS2 has emerged as a multifunctional regulator in human disease, most notably in cancer. In several independent studies, ADAMTS9‐AS2 is reported to be downregulated in tumor tissues compared with normal counterparts, and its reduced expression is frequently associated with enhanced cell proliferation, migration, invasion, therapy resistance, and poorer clinical outcomes in malignancies such as gastric cancer, glioma, lung cancer, ovarian cancer, colorectal cancer, bladder cancer, prostate cancer, liver cancer, and head and neck cancers."}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_fs", "start_ref": "1", "end_ref": "11"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "\n "}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "\n "}, {"type": "p", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "\n Mechanistically, ADAMTS9‐AS2 primarily functions as a competing endogenous RNA (ceRNA) that “sponges” oncogenic microRNAs—such as miR‐223‑3p, miR‑182‑5p, miR‑27a‑3p, miR‑32, miR‑130a‑5p, and miR‑600—to relieve their inhibitory effects on key tumor‐suppressive targets. These targets include regulators of cell death and survival (e.g. NLRP3, TGFBR3, FOXF2, PTEN, FOXO1, PHLPP2, and EZH2), as well as genes controlling epithelial–mesenchymal transition and signaling pathways such as PI3K/AKT/mTOR."}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_f", "ref": "1"}, {"type": "fg_fs", "start_ref": "3", "end_ref": "7"}, {"type": "fg_f", "ref": "12"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " These ceRNA‐mediated interactions underpin its tumor‐suppressive activities by inhibiting cell growth, metastasis, chemoresistance, and by modulating cell death pathways.\n "}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "\n "}, {"type": "p", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "\n In addition to its role in cancer, ADAMTS9‐AS2 has been implicated in other pathological settings. For instance, in ischemic stroke, reduced ADAMTS9‐AS2 levels correlate with larger infarct sizes, and its overexpression enhances angiogenesis via regulation of the miR‑185‑5p/IGFBP‑2 axis."}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_f", "ref": "14"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " Furthermore, in liver cancer, ADAMTS9‐AS2 regulates expression of its sense gene ADAMTS9 and suppresses tumor cell proliferation, migration, and invasion through modulation of PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling."}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_f", "ref": "15"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "\n "}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "\n "}, {"type": "p", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "\n Finally, the diagnostic and prognostic potential of ADAMTS9‐AS2 has been underscored in several studies. Its altered expression in body fluids and tumor tissues has been linked to tumor aggressiveness and patient survival in cancers such as non–small cell lung cancer, colorectal cancer, bladder urothelial carcinoma, and others."}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_fs", "start_ref": "16", "end_ref": "20"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " Collectively, these findings support the notion that ADAMTS9‐AS2 acts as a critical tumor suppressor and holds promise as a novel biomarker and therapeutic target across a spectrum of human cancers and other diseases.\n "}]}, {"type": "rg", "children": [{"type": "r", "ref": 1, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Niansheng Ren, Tao Jiang, Chengbo Wang, et al. 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