{"type": "root", "children": [{"type": "p", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "\n ADPGK‐AS1 is emerging as an oncogenic long non‐coding RNA that is up‐regulated in multiple cancer types and contributes to tumor progression by functioning as a competing endogenous RNA. In pancreatic cancer, ADPGK‐AS1 promotes tumorigenesis and the epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT) by sponging miR‑205‑5p, thereby up‐regulating ZEB1 and enhancing proliferation, migration, and invasion."}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_f", "ref": "1"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " In colorectal cancer, elevated ADPGK‐AS1 levels contribute to malignant behavior through a regulatory loop in which it binds miR‑525, leading to increased expression of FUT1, thus promoting cell proliferation, migration, and invasion."}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_f", "ref": "2"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " In gastric cancer, ADPGK‐AS1 acts as a sponge for miR‑3196 to relieve the inhibition of KDM1B, facilitating cancer progression."}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_f", "ref": "3"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " Similarly, in osteosarcoma, ADPGK‐AS1 is up‐regulated and contributes to enhanced proliferation, migration, and invasion while inhibiting apoptosis by targeting miR‑542‑3p."}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_f", "ref": "4"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "\n "}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "\n "}, {"type": "p", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "\n Beyond these direct mechanistic studies, a high‐throughput RNA interference screen in Drosophila has implicated ADPGK‐AS1—as part of a genomic region linked to adiposity-related SNPs—as a potential functional gene in metabolic regulation."}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_f", "ref": "5"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " Moreover, integrative bioinformatic analyses have identified ADPGK‐AS1 as a co-expressed long non-coding RNA associated with druggable pathways in prostate cancer"}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_f", "ref": "6"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "and as a component of an eight-lncRNA prognostic signature linked to poor outcomes in cervical cancer."}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_f", "ref": "7"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " In breast cancer, particularly in triple-negative subtypes, high ADPGK‐AS1 expression is associated with distant metastasis"}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_f", "ref": "8"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": ", and in a separate study it was demonstrated that ADPGK‐AS1 promotes cell proliferation, migration, EMT, and survival by sponging miR‑3196 to consequently up-regulate OTX1."}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_f", "ref": "9"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "\n "}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "\n "}, {"type": "p", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "\n Collectively, these studies underscore the role of ADPGK‐AS1 as an oncogenic factor that modulates key microRNAs and their downstream effectors in a cancer-type–dependent manner, highlighting its potential value as both a prognostic biomarker and a therapeutic target.\n "}]}, {"type": "rg", "children": [{"type": "r", "ref": 1, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Suzhen Song, Weihua Yu, Sen Lin, et al. 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