AP1G1 Gene

Name	adaptor-related protein complex 1, gamma 1 subunit
Description	Adaptins are important components of clathrin-coated vesicles transporting ligand-receptor complexes from the plasma membrane or from the trans-Golgi network to lysosomes. The adaptin family of proteins is composed of four classes of molecules named alpha, beta-, beta prime- and gamma- adaptins. Adaptins, together with medium and small subunits, form a heterotetrameric complex called an adaptor, whose role is to promote the formation of clathrin-coated pits and vesicles. The protein encoded by this gene is a gamma-adaptin protein and it belongs to the adaptor complexes large subunits family. Two transcript variants encoding different isoforms have been found for this gene. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]
Summary	{"type": "root", "children": [{"type": "p", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "\n AP1G1, which encodes the γ1‐adaptin subunit of the AP‑1 clathrin adaptor complex, plays a critical role in mediating intracellular protein sorting between the trans‐Golgi network and endosomes, particularly in polarized cells. Structural and biochemical studies have shown that the γ1‐adaptin ear domain specifically interacts with accessory proteins such as Rabaptin‐5, Gadkin, and LZTFL1 to facilitate the recognition of sorting signals and the incorporation of cargo into budding vesicles."}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_fs", "start_ref": "1", "end_ref": "4"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "\n "}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "\n "}, {"type": "p", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "\n In epithelial cells, AP1G1 is indispensable for maintaining membrane polarity by directing the apical sorting of key receptors – for example, its function is required for the proper apical localization of megalin in renal epithelial cells."}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_f", "ref": "5"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " Moreover, spontaneous mutations in Ap1g1 in mice result in defects in polarized cell function in sensory epithelia such as the inner ear, retina, thyroid, and testis, underscoring its essential role in the establishment and maintenance of cellular polarity."}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_f", "ref": "6"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "\n "}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "\n "}, {"type": "p", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "\n In the context of human cancers, altered AP1G1 expression influences oncogenic signaling. In hepatocellular carcinoma, for example, reduced AP1G1 levels following knockdown of the long noncoding RNA MEG3 lead to activation of the PI3K/AKT pathway, thereby promoting cell proliferation and invasion; partial restoration of AP1G1 counteracts these effects."}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_f", "ref": "7"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " Similarly, in colon cancer, high expression of the long noncoding RNA HCP5 is associated with decreased AP1G1 levels, and experimental downregulation of HCP5 upregulates AP1G1, which in turn suppresses tumor cell proliferation and migration – suggesting that AP1G1 may serve as a tumor‐suppressive factor."}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_f", "ref": "8"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "\n "}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "\n "}, {"type": "p", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "\n Collectively, these findings delineate a multifunctional role for AP1G1: as a key mediator in the vesicular trafficking machinery ensuring proper cargo targeting and epithelial polarity, and as a modulator of signaling pathways in cancer cells where its expression status can influence cellular proliferation and invasiveness.\n "}]}, {"type": "rg", "children": [{"type": "r", "ref": 1, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Terukazu Nogi, Yoko Shiba, Masato Kawasaki, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Structural basis for the accessory protein recruitment by the gamma-adaptin ear domain."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Nat Struct Biol (2002)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1038/nsb808"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1038/nsb808"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "12042876"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/12042876"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 2, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Yoko Shiba, Hiroyuki Takatsu, Hye-Won Shin, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Gamma-adaptin interacts directly with Rabaptin-5 through its ear domain."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "J Biochem (2002)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1093/oxfordjournals.jbchem.a003107"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1093/oxfordjournals.jbchem.a003107"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "11872161"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11872161"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 3, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Tanja Maritzen, Michael R Schmidt, Viktoria Kukhtina, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "A novel subtype of AP-1-binding motif within the palmitoylated trans-Golgi network/endosomal accessory protein Gadkin/gamma-BAR."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "J Biol Chem (2010)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1074/jbc.M109.049197"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1074/jbc.M109.049197"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "19965873"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19965873"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 4, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Kanyarat Promchan, Ven Natarajan "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Leucine zipper transcription factor-like 1 binds adaptor protein complex-1 and 2 and participates in trafficking of transferrin receptor 1."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "PLoS One (2020)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1371/journal.pone.0226298"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0226298"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "31895934"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31895934"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 5, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Diego Gravotta, Andres Perez Bay, Caspar T H Jonker, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Clathrin and clathrin adaptor AP-1 control apical trafficking of megalin in the biosynthetic and recycling routes."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Mol Biol Cell (2019)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1091/mbc.E18-12-0811"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1091/mbc.E18-12-0811"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "31091172"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31091172"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 6, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Kenneth R Johnson, Leona H Gagnon, Bo Chang "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "A hypomorphic mutation of the gamma-1 adaptin gene (Ap1g1) causes inner ear, retina, thyroid, and testes abnormalities in mice."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Mamm Genome (2016)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1007/s00335-016-9632-0"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s00335-016-9632-0"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "27090238"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27090238"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 7, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Y Sun, F-L Cao, L-L Qu, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "MEG3 promotes liver cancer by activating PI3K/AKT pathway through regulating AP1G1."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci (2019)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.26355/eurrev_201902_17103"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.26355/eurrev_201902_17103"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "30840267"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30840267"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 8, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "W-K Yun, Y-M Hu, C-B Zhao, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "HCP5 promotes colon cancer development by activating AP1G1 via PI3K/AKT pathway."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci (2019)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.26355/eurrev_201904_17553"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.26355/eurrev_201904_17553"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "31002129"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31002129"}]}]}]}
Synonyms	CLAPG1, ADTG
Proteins	AP1G1_HUMAN
NCBI Gene ID	164
API
Download Associations
Predicted Functions
Co-expressed Genes
Expression in Tissues and Cell Lines

Functional Associations

AP1G1 has 7,678 functional associations with biological entities spanning 9 categories (molecular profile, organism, disease, phenotype or trait, functional term, phrase or reference, chemical, structural feature, cell line, cell type or tissue, gene, protein or microRNA, sequence feature) extracted from 128 datasets.

Click the + buttons to view associations for AP1G1 from the datasets below.

If available, associations are ranked by standardized value

Harmonizome 3.0

AP1G1 Gene

Functional Associations

Please acknowledge the Harmonizome in your publications by citing the following reference(s):

	Dataset	Summary
	Achilles Cell Line Gene Essentiality Profiles	cell lines with fitness changed by AP1G1 gene knockdown relative to other cell lines from the Achilles Cell Line Gene Essentiality Profiles dataset.
	Allen Brain Atlas Adult Human Brain Tissue Gene Expression Profiles	tissues with high or low expression of AP1G1 gene relative to other tissues from the Allen Brain Atlas Adult Human Brain Tissue Gene Expression Profiles dataset.
	Allen Brain Atlas Adult Mouse Brain Tissue Gene Expression Profiles	tissues with high or low expression of AP1G1 gene relative to other tissues from the Allen Brain Atlas Adult Mouse Brain Tissue Gene Expression Profiles dataset.
	Allen Brain Atlas Aging Dementia and Traumatic Brain Injury Tissue Sample Gene Expression Profiles	tissue samples with high or low expression of AP1G1 gene relative to other tissue samples from the Allen Brain Atlas Aging Dementia and Traumatic Brain Injury Tissue Sample Gene Expression Profiles dataset.
	Allen Brain Atlas Developing Human Brain Tissue Gene Expression Profiles by Microarray	tissue samples with high or low expression of AP1G1 gene relative to other tissue samples from the Allen Brain Atlas Developing Human Brain Tissue Gene Expression Profiles by Microarray dataset.
	Allen Brain Atlas Developing Human Brain Tissue Gene Expression Profiles by RNA-seq	tissue samples with high or low expression of AP1G1 gene relative to other tissue samples from the Allen Brain Atlas Developing Human Brain Tissue Gene Expression Profiles by RNA-seq dataset.
	Allen Brain Atlas Prenatal Human Brain Tissue Gene Expression Profiles	tissues with high or low expression of AP1G1 gene relative to other tissues from the Allen Brain Atlas Prenatal Human Brain Tissue Gene Expression Profiles dataset.
	BioGPS Cell Line Gene Expression Profiles	cell lines with high or low expression of AP1G1 gene relative to other cell lines from the BioGPS Cell Line Gene Expression Profiles dataset.
	BioGPS Human Cell Type and Tissue Gene Expression Profiles	cell types and tissues with high or low expression of AP1G1 gene relative to other cell types and tissues from the BioGPS Human Cell Type and Tissue Gene Expression Profiles dataset.
	BioGPS Mouse Cell Type and Tissue Gene Expression Profiles	cell types and tissues with high or low expression of AP1G1 gene relative to other cell types and tissues from the BioGPS Mouse Cell Type and Tissue Gene Expression Profiles dataset.
	CCLE Cell Line Gene CNV Profiles	cell lines with high or low copy number of AP1G1 gene relative to other cell lines from the CCLE Cell Line Gene CNV Profiles dataset.
	CCLE Cell Line Gene Expression Profiles	cell lines with high or low expression of AP1G1 gene relative to other cell lines from the CCLE Cell Line Gene Expression Profiles dataset.
	CCLE Cell Line Proteomics	Cell lines associated with AP1G1 protein from the CCLE Cell Line Proteomics dataset.
	CellMarker Gene-Cell Type Associations	cell types associated with AP1G1 gene from the CellMarker Gene-Cell Type Associations dataset.
	ChEA Transcription Factor Binding Site Profiles	transcription factor binding site profiles with transcription factor binding evidence at the promoter of AP1G1 gene from the CHEA Transcription Factor Binding Site Profiles dataset.
	ChEA Transcription Factor Targets	transcription factors binding the promoter of AP1G1 gene in low- or high-throughput transcription factor functional studies from the CHEA Transcription Factor Targets dataset.
	ChEA Transcription Factor Targets 2022	transcription factors binding the promoter of AP1G1 gene in low- or high-throughput transcription factor functional studies from the CHEA Transcription Factor Targets 2022 dataset.
	ClinVar Gene-Phenotype Associations 2025	phenotypes associated with AP1G1 gene from the curated ClinVar Gene-Phenotype Associations 2025 dataset.
	CM4AI U2OS Cell Map Protein Localization Assemblies	assemblies containing AP1G1 protein from integrated AP-MS and IF data from the CM4AI U2OS Cell Map Protein Localization Assemblies dataset.
	CMAP Signatures of Differentially Expressed Genes for Small Molecules	small molecule perturbations changing expression of AP1G1 gene from the CMAP Signatures of Differentially Expressed Genes for Small Molecules dataset.
	COMPARTMENTS Curated Protein Localization Evidence Scores	cellular components containing AP1G1 protein from the COMPARTMENTS Curated Protein Localization Evidence Scores dataset.
	COMPARTMENTS Curated Protein Localization Evidence Scores 2025	cellular components containing AP1G1 protein from the COMPARTMENTS Curated Protein Localization Evidence Scores 2025 dataset.
	COMPARTMENTS Experimental Protein Localization Evidence Scores	cellular components containing AP1G1 protein in low- or high-throughput protein localization assays from the COMPARTMENTS Experimental Protein Localization Evidence Scores dataset.
	COMPARTMENTS Experimental Protein Localization Evidence Scores 2025	cellular components containing AP1G1 protein in low- or high-throughput protein localization assays from the COMPARTMENTS Experimental Protein Localization Evidence Scores 2025 dataset.
	COMPARTMENTS Text-mining Protein Localization Evidence Scores	cellular components co-occuring with AP1G1 protein in abstracts of biomedical publications from the COMPARTMENTS Text-mining Protein Localization Evidence Scores dataset.
	COMPARTMENTS Text-mining Protein Localization Evidence Scores 2025	cellular components co-occuring with AP1G1 protein in abstracts of biomedical publications from the COMPARTMENTS Text-mining Protein Localization Evidence Scores 2025 dataset.
	CORUM Protein Complexes	protein complexs containing AP1G1 protein from the CORUM Protein Complexes dataset.
	COSMIC Cell Line Gene CNV Profiles	cell lines with high or low copy number of AP1G1 gene relative to other cell lines from the COSMIC Cell Line Gene CNV Profiles dataset.
	COSMIC Cell Line Gene Mutation Profiles	cell lines with AP1G1 gene mutations from the COSMIC Cell Line Gene Mutation Profiles dataset.
	CTD Gene-Chemical Interactions	chemicals interacting with AP1G1 gene/protein from the curated CTD Gene-Chemical Interactions dataset.
	CTD Gene-Disease Associations	diseases associated with AP1G1 gene/protein from the curated CTD Gene-Disease Associations dataset.
	DepMap CRISPR Gene Dependency	cell lines with fitness changed by AP1G1 gene knockdown relative to other cell lines from the DepMap CRISPR Gene Dependency dataset.
	DISEASES Experimental Gene-Disease Association Evidence Scores 2025	diseases associated with AP1G1 gene in GWAS datasets from the DISEASES Experimental Gene-Disease Assocation Evidence Scores 2025 dataset.
	DISEASES Text-mining Gene-Disease Association Evidence Scores	diseases co-occuring with AP1G1 gene in abstracts of biomedical publications from the DISEASES Text-mining Gene-Disease Assocation Evidence Scores dataset.
	DISEASES Text-mining Gene-Disease Association Evidence Scores 2025	diseases co-occuring with AP1G1 gene in abstracts of biomedical publications from the DISEASES Text-mining Gene-Disease Assocation Evidence Scores 2025 dataset.
	DisGeNET Gene-Disease Associations	diseases associated with AP1G1 gene in GWAS and other genetic association datasets from the DisGeNET Gene-Disease Associations dataset.
	DisGeNET Gene-Phenotype Associations	phenotypes associated with AP1G1 gene in GWAS and other genetic association datasets from the DisGeNET Gene-Phenoptype Associations dataset.
	ENCODE Histone Modification Site Profiles	histone modification site profiles with high histone modification abundance at AP1G1 gene from the ENCODE Histone Modification Site Profiles dataset.
	ENCODE Transcription Factor Binding Site Profiles	transcription factor binding site profiles with transcription factor binding evidence at the promoter of AP1G1 gene from the ENCODE Transcription Factor Binding Site Profiles dataset.
	ENCODE Transcription Factor Targets	transcription factors binding the promoter of AP1G1 gene in ChIP-seq datasets from the ENCODE Transcription Factor Targets dataset.