{"type": "root", "children": [{"type": "p", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "\n APOA1‐AS is a long noncoding antisense RNA that plays a multifaceted regulatory role in lipid metabolism and vascular homeostasis. Its elevated expression has been observed in several pathological settings—including coronary artery disease, systemic lupus erythematosus with atherosclerosis, multiple sclerosis, and preeclampsia—highlighting its potential as a biomarker in cardiovascular and inflammatory disorders."}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_fs", "start_ref": "1", "end_ref": "4"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": ""}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "\n "}, {"type": "p", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "\n Mechanistically, APOA1‐AS functions as a negative transcriptional regulator of its sense gene, APOA1. It modulates chromatin structure and histone methylation by recruiting histone‐modifying enzymes, leading to suppressed APOA1 transcription."}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_f", "ref": "5"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " In addition, in vascular smooth muscle cells exposed to oxidized LDL, APOA1‐AS contributes to disease progression by recruiting the TATA-box binding protein associated factor 15 (TAF15), which stabilizes SMAD3 mRNA and activates the TGF-β/SMAD3 signaling pathway. This activity promotes cell proliferation and migration while inhibiting apoptosis."}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_f", "ref": "6"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "\n "}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "\n "}, {"type": "p", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "\n Together, these mechanisms underscore the pivotal role of APOA1‐AS in modulating gene expression and cellular processes that contribute to atherogenesis and related disorders.\n "}]}, {"type": "rg", "children": [{"type": "r", "ref": 1, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Yuan Zhang, Lei Zhang, Yu Wang, et al. 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