{"type": "root", "children": [{"type": "p", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "\nFAM172A is emerging as a multifaceted protein in human disease, particularly in cancer biology, where its role appears to be context‐dependent. In colorectal carcinoma, FAM172A acts as a tumor suppressor, as evidenced by studies demonstrating that decreased expression correlates with enhanced metastatic behavior and increased endoplasmic reticulum stress signaling; in contrast, in circulating tumor cells from colorectal cancer patients, higher FAM172A levels are associated with a mesenchymal phenotype and aggressive features. Moreover, in pancreatic cancer, FAM172A downregulation facilitates epithelial–mesenchymal transition via modulation of ERK–MAPK signaling, while in thyroid malignancies – including papillary and follicular carcinomas – elevated FAM172A levels promote cell proliferation and invasion through activation of p38 MAPK, Erk1/2 and JNK pathways, and similar proliferative effects have been noted in hepatocellular carcinoma cells."}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_fs", "start_ref": "1", "end_ref": "6"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "\n"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "\n\n"}, {"type": "p", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "\nBeyond oncogenesis, FAM172A is implicated in diabetic vascular pathology. It is upregulated in human aortic smooth muscle cells, endothelial cells, and macrophages under high-glucose conditions, suggesting a role in the pathogenesis of high glucose-induced vascular damage and diabetic macroangiopathy. Cloning of this gene in diabetic angiopathy-related studies further indicates its involvement in modulating apoptosis and proliferation in relevant cell types."}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_fs", "start_ref": "7", "end_ref": "9"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "\n"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "\n\n"}, {"type": "p", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "\nIn addition to its roles in cellular growth and vascular homeostasis, FAM172A harbors an Arb2 conserved domain that appears critical for its nuclear functions. Bioinformatics and imaging studies have revealed that FAM172A predominantly localizes to the nucleus where it directly binds to AGO2 and facilitates its nuclear import via the importin-α/β pathway—a process that is enhanced by CK2-induced phosphorylation and disrupted by CHARGE syndrome-associated mutations. This finding underscores an emerging function for FAM172A at the chromatin–spliceosome interface, potentially linking it to the regulation of RNA processing and noncanonical nuclear activities of AGO2."}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_f", "ref": "10"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "\n"}]}, {"type": "rg", "children": [{"type": "r", "ref": 1, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Wenjun Liu, Kai Qian, Xing Wei, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "miR‑27a promotes proliferation, migration, and invasion of colorectal cancer by targeting FAM172A and acts as a diagnostic and prognostic biomarker."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Oncol Rep (2017)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.3892/or.2017.5592"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.3892/or.2017.5592"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "28440497"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28440497"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 2, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Chunhui Cui, Lili Ye, Zonghai Huang, et al. 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