| Name | ATP synthase membrane subunit c locus 2 |
| Description | This gene encodes a subunit of mitochondrial ATP synthase. Mitochondrial ATP synthase catalyzes ATP synthesis, utilizing an electrochemical gradient of protons across the inner membrane during oxidative phosphorylation. ATP synthase is composed of two linked multi-subunit complexes: the soluble catalytic core, F1, and the membrane-spanning component, Fo, comprising the proton channel. The catalytic portion of mitochondrial ATP synthase consists of 5 different subunits (alpha, beta, gamma, delta, and epsilon) assembled with a stoichiometry of 3 alpha, 3 beta, and single representatives of the gamma, delta, and epsilon subunits. The proton channel likely has nine subunits (a, b, c, d, e, f, g, F6 and 8). There are three separate genes which encode subunit c of the proton channel and they specify precursors with different import sequences but identical mature proteins. The protein encoded by this gene is one of three precursors of subunit c. This gene has multiple pseudogenes. [provided by RefSeq, Jan 2018] |
| Summary |
{"type": "root", "children": [{"type": "p", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "\n ATP5MC2 is one of the nuclear‐encoded genes that produces a proteolipid constituent of the mitochondrial F<sub>0</sub>‐ATP synthase complex – specifically, one isoform of the membrane “c‐subunit” that forms part of the enzyme’s rotor. This subunit is critical for creating the proton channel across the inner mitochondrial membrane that drives ATP synthesis, thereby coupling the proton motive force to energy production. Emerging studies indicate that the c‐subunit isoforms are not functionally redundant; differences in their mitochondrial targeting peptides dictate unique roles in maintaining proper assembly and stability of the oxidative phosphorylation machinery. Dysregulation of such subunits—including altered expression and epigenetic modifications—has been implicated in impairing mitochondrial bioenergetics, promoting shifts toward glycolytic (Warburg) metabolism in cancer, and even contributing to cell death through mitochondrial permeability transition pore formation. These findings support the broader concept that modulation of ATP synthase components, such as ATP5MC2, may influence cellular energy metabolism and represent promising targets for therapeutic intervention in cancer and metabolic disorders."}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_fs", "start_ref": "1", "end_ref": "4"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "\n "}]}, {"type": "rg", "children": [{"type": "r", "ref": 1, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Jiyoung Lee, Ali E Yesilkanal, Joseph P Wynne, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Effective breast cancer combination therapy targeting BACH1 and mitochondrial metabolism."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Nature (2019)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1038/s41586-019-1005-x"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-019-1005-x"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "30842661"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30842661"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 2, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Jiuya He, Holly C Ford, Joe Carroll, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Persistence of the mitochondrial permeability transition in the absence of subunit c of human ATP synthase."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A (2017)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1073/pnas.1702357114"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1702357114"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "28289229"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28289229"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 3, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Cristofol Vives-Bauza, Jordi Magrané, Antoni L Andreu, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Novel role of ATPase subunit C targeting peptides beyond mitochondrial protein import."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Mol Biol Cell (2010)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1091/mbc.e09-06-0483"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1091/mbc.e09-06-0483"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "19889836"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19889836"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 4, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Luis Mauricio Hurtado-López, Fernando Fernández-Ramírez, Eva Martínez-Peñafiel, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Molecular Analysis by Gene Expression of Mitochondrial ATPase Subunits in Papillary Thyroid Cancer: Is ATP5E Transcript a Possible Early Tumor Marker?"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Med Sci Monit (2015)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.12659/MSM.893597"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.12659/MSM.893597"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "26079849"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26079849"}]}]}]}
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| NCBI Gene ID | 517 |
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ATP5MC2 has 2,699 functional associations with biological entities spanning 6 categories (chemical, functional term, phrase or reference, disease, phenotype or trait, cell line, cell type or tissue, gene, protein or microRNA, sequence feature) extracted from 33 datasets.
Click the + buttons to view associations for ATP5MC2 from the datasets below.
If available, associations are ranked by standardized value
| Dataset | Summary | |
|---|---|---|
| Allen Brain Atlas Aging Dementia and Traumatic Brain Injury Tissue Sample Gene Expression Profiles | tissue samples with high or low expression of ATP5MC2 gene relative to other tissue samples from the Allen Brain Atlas Aging Dementia and Traumatic Brain Injury Tissue Sample Gene Expression Profiles dataset. | |
| Carcinogenome Chemical Perturbation Carcinogenicity Signatures | small molecule perturbations changing expression of ATP5MC2 gene from the Carcinogenome Chemical Perturbation Carcinogenicity Signatures dataset. | |
| CellMarker Gene-Cell Type Associations | cell types associated with ATP5MC2 gene from the CellMarker Gene-Cell Type Associations dataset. | |
| CM4AI KOLF21J CRISPRi Gene Perturbation Atlas | gene perturbations changing expression of ATP5MC2 gene from the CM4AI KOLF21J CRISPRi Gene Perturbation Atlas dataset. | |
| COMPARTMENTS Curated Protein Localization Evidence Scores 2025 | cellular components containing ATP5MC2 protein from the COMPARTMENTS Curated Protein Localization Evidence Scores 2025 dataset. | |
| COMPARTMENTS Text-mining Protein Localization Evidence Scores 2025 | cellular components co-occuring with ATP5MC2 protein in abstracts of biomedical publications from the COMPARTMENTS Text-mining Protein Localization Evidence Scores 2025 dataset. | |
| DISEASES Experimental Gene-Disease Association Evidence Scores 2025 | diseases associated with ATP5MC2 gene in GWAS datasets from the DISEASES Experimental Gene-Disease Assocation Evidence Scores 2025 dataset. | |
| DISEASES Text-mining Gene-Disease Association Evidence Scores 2025 | diseases co-occuring with ATP5MC2 gene in abstracts of biomedical publications from the DISEASES Text-mining Gene-Disease Assocation Evidence Scores 2025 dataset. | |
| GO Biological Process Annotations 2025 | biological processes involving ATP5MC2 gene from the curated GO Biological Process Annotations2025 dataset. | |
| GO Cellular Component Annotations 2025 | cellular components containing ATP5MC2 protein from the curated GO Cellular Component Annotations 2025 dataset. | |
| GTEx eQTL 2025 | SNPs regulating expression of ATP5MC2 gene from the GTEx eQTL 2025 dataset. | |
| GTEx Tissue Gene Expression Profiles 2023 | tissues with high or low expression of ATP5MC2 gene relative to other tissues from the GTEx Tissue Gene Expression Profiles 2023 dataset. | |
| GWAS Catalog SNP-Phenotype Associations 2025 | phenotypes associated with ATP5MC2 gene in GWAS datasets from the GWAS Catalog SNP-Phenotype Associations 2025 dataset. | |
| IMPC Knockout Mouse Phenotypes | phenotypes of mice caused by ATP5MC2 gene knockout from the IMPC Knockout Mouse Phenotypes dataset. | |
| JASPAR Predicted Human Transcription Factor Targets 2025 | transcription factors regulating expression of ATP5MC2 gene predicted using known transcription factor binding site motifs from the JASPAR Predicted Human Transcription Factor Targets dataset. | |
| JASPAR Predicted Mouse Transcription Factor Targets 2025 | transcription factors regulating expression of ATP5MC2 gene predicted using known transcription factor binding site motifs from the JASPAR Predicted Mouse Transcription Factor Targets 2025 dataset. | |
| KEGG Pathways 2026 | pathways involving ATP5MC2 protein from the KEGG Pathways 2026 dataset. | |
| LINCS L1000 CMAP Chemical Perturbation Consensus Signatures | small molecule perturbations changing expression of ATP5MC2 gene from the LINCS L1000 CMAP Chemical Perturbations Consensus Signatures dataset. | |
| MoTrPAC Rat Endurance Exercise Training | tissue samples with high or low expression of ATP5MC2 gene relative to other tissue samples from the MoTrPAC Rat Endurance Exercise Training dataset. | |
| NIBR DRUG-seq U2OS MoA Box Gene Expression Profiles | drug perturbations changing expression of ATP5MC2 gene from the NIBR DRUG-seq U2OS MoA Box dataset. | |
| Reactome Pathways 2024 | pathways involving ATP5MC2 protein from the Reactome Pathways 2024 dataset. | |
| Replogle et al., Cell, 2022 K562 Essential Perturb-seq Gene Perturbation Signatures | gene perturbations changing expression of ATP5MC2 gene from the Replogle et al., Cell, 2022 K562 Essential Perturb-seq Gene Perturbation Signatures dataset. | |
| Replogle et al., Cell, 2022 K562 Genome-wide Perturb-seq Gene Perturbation Signatures | gene perturbations changing expression of ATP5MC2 gene from the Replogle et al., Cell, 2022 K562 Genome-wide Perturb-seq Gene Perturbation Signatures dataset. | |
| Replogle et al., Cell, 2022 RPE1 Essential Perturb-seq Gene Perturbation Signatures | gene perturbations changing expression of ATP5MC2 gene from the Replogle et al., Cell, 2022 RPE1 Essential Perturb-seq Gene Perturbation Signatures dataset. | |
| Rummagene Transcription Factor Associations 2026 | transcription factors regulating expression of ATP5MC2 gene from the Rummagene Transcription Factor Associations 2026 dataset. | |
| RummaGEO Drug Perturbation Signatures | drug perturbations changing expression of ATP5MC2 gene from the RummaGEO Drug Perturbation Signatures dataset. | |
| RummaGEO Gene Perturbation Signatures | gene perturbations changing expression of ATP5MC2 gene from the RummaGEO Gene Perturbation Signatures dataset. | |
| Sci-Plex Drug Perturbation Signatures | drug perturbations changing expression of ATP5MC2 gene from the Sci-Plex Drug Perturbation Signatures dataset. | |
| Tahoe Therapeutics Tahoe 100M Perturbation Atlas | drug perturbations changing expression of ATP5MC2 gene from the Tahoe Therapeutics Tahoe 100M Perturbation Atlas dataset. | |
| TISSUES Curated Tissue Protein Expression Evidence Scores 2025 | tissues with high expression of ATP5MC2 protein from the TISSUES Curated Tissue Protein Expression Evidence Scores 2025 dataset. | |
| TISSUES Experimental Tissue Protein Expression Evidence Scores 2025 | tissues with high expression of ATP5MC2 protein in proteomics datasets from the TISSUES Experimental Tissue Protein Expression Evidence Scores 2025 dataset. | |
| TISSUES Text-mining Tissue Protein Expression Evidence Scores 2025 | tissues co-occuring with ATP5MC2 protein in abstracts of biomedical publications from the TISSUES Text-mining Tissue Protein Expression Evidence Scores 2025 dataset. | |
| WikiPathways Pathways 2024 | pathways involving ATP5MC2 protein from the WikiPathways Pathways 2024 dataset. | |
