| Name | beta-carotene oxygenase 2 |
| Description | This gene encodes an enzyme which oxidizes carotenoids such as beta-carotene during the biosynthesis of vitamin A. Multiple transcript variants encoding different isoforms have been found for this gene. [provided by RefSeq, Jan 2012] |
| Summary |
{"type": "root", "children": [{"type": "p", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "\n β,β‐Carotene‐9′,10′‐oxygenase 2 (BCO2) is a mitochondrial enzyme that plays a critical role in carotenoid metabolism by catalyzing the eccentric (asymmetric) cleavage of a wide range of carotenoids—including non–provitamin A carotenes and xanthophylls—to generate various apocarotenoids (e.g., β‐apo‐10′‐carotenal and ionone derivatives)."}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_fs", "start_ref": "1", "end_ref": "3"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " This enzymatic activity not only prevents excessive carotenoid accumulation—which, when unchecked, can impair mitochondrial respiration and provoke oxidative stress—but also generates bioactive metabolites that influence diverse physiological processes. For instance, BCO2‐mediated carotenoid cleavage safeguards mitochondrial integrity and energy homeostasis in hepatic and hypothalamic tissues, with deficiency leading to mitochondrial dysfunction, inflammation, and metabolic disturbances such as hepatic steatosis and altered lipid metabolism."}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_fs", "start_ref": "4", "end_ref": "7"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " In the retina, species‐specific differences in BCO2 activity have been implicated in the accumulation of xanthophyll pigments in primates, as weak binding of these substrates to human BCO2 may underlie the unique enrichment of macular carotenoids."}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_f", "ref": "3"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " Moreover, BCO2-derived apocarotenoids can act as signaling molecules – for example, β‐ionone produced via its action has been linked to anticancer and anti-inflammatory effects, and recent evidence also suggests that BCO2 may exert tumor‐suppressive functions in contexts such as prostate cancer by modulating NF‐κB activity."}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_fs", "start_ref": "8", "end_ref": "10"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " In addition, alterations in BCO2 expression and genetic variants in its locus have been associated with changes in carotenoid homeostasis that affect tissue pigmentation in diverse species—from the regulation of skin and retinal coloration in mammals and reptiles to economically important traits in livestock and aquaculture species."}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_fs", "start_ref": "11", "end_ref": "13"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " Furthermore, advances in recombinant enzyme expression and biochemical optimization have underscored BCO2’s potential for generating apocarotenoids under defined conditions"}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_f", "ref": "14"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": ", while studies in the placenta indicate that its activity may contribute to the regulated assimilation of carotenoids for embryonic development."}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_f", "ref": "15"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " Collectively, these findings consolidate the view that BCO2 is central not only to maintaining carotenoid balance and preventing oxidative mitochondrial damage but also to modulating metabolic, inflammatory, and even pigmentary outcomes across tissues.\n "}]}, {"type": "rg", "children": [{"type": "r", "ref": 1, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Jaume Amengual, Glenn P Lobo, Marcin Golczak, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "A mitochondrial enzyme degrades carotenoids and protects against oxidative stress."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "FASEB J (2011)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1096/fj.10-173906"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1096/fj.10-173906"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "21106934"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21106934"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 2, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Jaume Amengual, M Airanthi K Widjaja-Adhi, Susana Rodriguez-Santiago, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Two carotenoid oxygenases contribute to mammalian provitamin A metabolism."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "J Biol Chem (2013)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1074/jbc.M113.501049"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1074/jbc.M113.501049"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "24106281"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24106281"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 3, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Binxing Li, Preejith P Vachali, Aruna Gorusupudi, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Inactivity of human β,β-carotene-9',10'-dioxygenase (BCO2) underlies retinal accumulation of the human macular carotenoid pigment."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A (2014)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1073/pnas.1402526111"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1402526111"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "24982131"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24982131"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 4, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Darwin Babino, Grzegorz Palczewski, M Airanthi K Widjaja-Adhi, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Characterization of the Role of β-Carotene 9,10-Dioxygenase in Macular Pigment Metabolism."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "J Biol Chem (2015)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1074/jbc.M115.668822"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1074/jbc.M115.668822"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "26307071"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26307071"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 5, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Blanche C Ip, Chun Liu, Alice H Lichtenstein, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Lycopene and apo-10'-lycopenoic acid have differential mechanisms of protection against hepatic steatosis in β-carotene-9',10'-oxygenase knockout male mice."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "J Nutr (2015)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.3945/jn.114.200238"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.3945/jn.114.200238"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "25644347"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25644347"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 6, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Lei Wu, Xin Guo, Steven D Hartson, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Lack of β, β-carotene-9', 10'-oxygenase 2 leads to hepatic mitochondrial dysfunction and cellular oxidative stress in mice."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Mol Nutr Food Res (2017)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1002/mnfr.201600576"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1002/mnfr.201600576"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "27991717"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27991717"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 7, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Joan Giménez-Dejoz, Michal H Kolář, Francesc X Ruiz, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Substrate Specificity, Inhibitor Selectivity and Structure-Function Relationships of Aldo-Keto Reductase 1B15: A Novel Human Retinaldehyde Reductase."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "PLoS One (2015)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1371/journal.pone.0134506"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0134506"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "26222439"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26222439"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 8, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Xiaoming Gong, Raju Marisiddaiah, Susan Zaripheh, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Mitochondrial β-Carotene 9',10' Oxygenase Modulates Prostate Cancer Growth via NF-κB Inhibition: A Lycopene-Independent Function."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Mol Cancer Res (2016)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1158/1541-7786.MCR-16-0075"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1158/1541-7786.MCR-16-0075"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "27406826"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27406826"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 9, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Lei Wu, Xin Guo, Weiqun Wang, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Molecular aspects of β, β-carotene-9', 10'-oxygenase 2 in carotenoid metabolism and diseases."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Exp Biol Med (Maywood) (2016)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1177/1535370216657900"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1177/1535370216657900"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "27390265"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27390265"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 10, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Lujain Aloum, Eman Alefishat, Abdu Adem, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Ionone Is More than a Violet's Fragrance: A Review."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Molecules (2020)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.3390/molecules25245822"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules25245822"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "33321809"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33321809"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 11, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Ranganathan Arunkumar, Aruna Gorusupudi, Binxing Li, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Lutein and zeaxanthin reduce A2E and iso-A2E levels and improve visual performance in Abca4"}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "sup"}], "href": "sup"}, {"type": "t", "text": "-/-"}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "/sup"}], "href": "/sup"}, {"type": "t", "text": "/Bco2"}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "sup"}], "href": "sup"}, {"type": "t", "text": "-/-"}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "/sup"}], "href": "/sup"}, {"type": "t", "text": " double knockout mice."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Exp Eye Res (2021)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1016/j.exer.2021.108680"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.exer.2021.108680"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "34161819"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34161819"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 12, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Prem Aguilar, Pedro Andrade, Guillem Pérez I DE Lanuza "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Epistatic interactions between pterin and carotenoid genes modulate intra-morph color variation in a lizard."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Integr Zool (2022)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1111/1749-4877.12570"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1111/1749-4877.12570"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "34216104"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34216104"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 13, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Khristina G Judan Cruz, Ervee P Landingin, Maureen B Gajeton, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Carotenoid coloration and coloration-linked gene expression in red tilapia (Oreochromis sp.) tissues."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "BMC Vet Res (2021)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1186/s12917-021-03006-5"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1186/s12917-021-03006-5"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "34563199"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34563199"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 14, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Yeong-Su Kim, Soo-Jin Yeom, Deok-Kun Oh "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Production of β-apo-10'-carotenal from β-carotene by human β-carotene-9',10'-oxygenase expressed in E. coli."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Biotechnol Lett (2011)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1007/s10529-011-0556-1"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s10529-011-0556-1"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "21302131"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21302131"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 15, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Brianna K Costabile, Youn-Kyung Kim, Jahangir Iqbal, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "β-Apo-10'-carotenoids Modulate Placental Microsomal Triglyceride Transfer Protein Expression and Function to Optimize Transport of Intact β-Carotene to the Embryo."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "J Biol Chem (2016)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1074/jbc.M116.738336"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1074/jbc.M116.738336"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "27402843"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27402843"}]}]}]}
|
| Synonyms | B-DIOX-II, BCDO2 |
| Proteins | BCDO2_HUMAN |
| NCBI Gene ID | 83875 |
| API | |
| Download Associations | |
| Predicted Functions |
 |
| Co-expressed Genes |
|
| Expression in Tissues and Cell Lines |
|
BCO2 has 3,775 functional associations with biological entities spanning 9 categories (molecular profile, organism, functional term, phrase or reference, chemical, disease, phenotype or trait, structural feature, cell line, cell type or tissue, gene, protein or microRNA, sequence feature) extracted from 103 datasets.
Click the + buttons to view associations for BCO2 from the datasets below.
If available, associations are ranked by standardized value
| Dataset | Summary | |
|---|---|---|
| Allen Brain Atlas Adult Human Brain Tissue Gene Expression Profiles | tissues with high or low expression of BCO2 gene relative to other tissues from the Allen Brain Atlas Adult Human Brain Tissue Gene Expression Profiles dataset. | |
| Allen Brain Atlas Aging Dementia and Traumatic Brain Injury Tissue Sample Gene Expression Profiles | tissue samples with high or low expression of BCO2 gene relative to other tissue samples from the Allen Brain Atlas Aging Dementia and Traumatic Brain Injury Tissue Sample Gene Expression Profiles dataset. | |
| Allen Brain Atlas Developing Human Brain Tissue Gene Expression Profiles by Microarray | tissue samples with high or low expression of BCO2 gene relative to other tissue samples from the Allen Brain Atlas Developing Human Brain Tissue Gene Expression Profiles by Microarray dataset. | |
| Allen Brain Atlas Developing Human Brain Tissue Gene Expression Profiles by RNA-seq | tissue samples with high or low expression of BCO2 gene relative to other tissue samples from the Allen Brain Atlas Developing Human Brain Tissue Gene Expression Profiles by RNA-seq dataset. | |
| Allen Brain Atlas Prenatal Human Brain Tissue Gene Expression Profiles | tissues with high or low expression of BCO2 gene relative to other tissues from the Allen Brain Atlas Prenatal Human Brain Tissue Gene Expression Profiles dataset. | |
| BioGPS Human Cell Type and Tissue Gene Expression Profiles | cell types and tissues with high or low expression of BCO2 gene relative to other cell types and tissues from the BioGPS Human Cell Type and Tissue Gene Expression Profiles dataset. | |
| BioGPS Mouse Cell Type and Tissue Gene Expression Profiles | cell types and tissues with high or low expression of BCO2 gene relative to other cell types and tissues from the BioGPS Mouse Cell Type and Tissue Gene Expression Profiles dataset. | |
| CCLE Cell Line Gene CNV Profiles | cell lines with high or low copy number of BCO2 gene relative to other cell lines from the CCLE Cell Line Gene CNV Profiles dataset. | |
| CCLE Cell Line Gene Expression Profiles | cell lines with high or low expression of BCO2 gene relative to other cell lines from the CCLE Cell Line Gene Expression Profiles dataset. | |
| CellMarker Gene-Cell Type Associations | cell types associated with BCO2 gene from the CellMarker Gene-Cell Type Associations dataset. | |
| ChEA Transcription Factor Binding Site Profiles | transcription factor binding site profiles with transcription factor binding evidence at the promoter of BCO2 gene from the CHEA Transcription Factor Binding Site Profiles dataset. | |
| ChEA Transcription Factor Targets | transcription factors binding the promoter of BCO2 gene in low- or high-throughput transcription factor functional studies from the CHEA Transcription Factor Targets dataset. | |
| ChEA Transcription Factor Targets 2022 | transcription factors binding the promoter of BCO2 gene in low- or high-throughput transcription factor functional studies from the CHEA Transcription Factor Targets 2022 dataset. | |
| COMPARTMENTS Curated Protein Localization Evidence Scores | cellular components containing BCO2 protein from the COMPARTMENTS Curated Protein Localization Evidence Scores dataset. | |
| COMPARTMENTS Curated Protein Localization Evidence Scores 2025 | cellular components containing BCO2 protein from the COMPARTMENTS Curated Protein Localization Evidence Scores 2025 dataset. | |
| COMPARTMENTS Experimental Protein Localization Evidence Scores | cellular components containing BCO2 protein in low- or high-throughput protein localization assays from the COMPARTMENTS Experimental Protein Localization Evidence Scores dataset. | |
| COMPARTMENTS Experimental Protein Localization Evidence Scores 2025 | cellular components containing BCO2 protein in low- or high-throughput protein localization assays from the COMPARTMENTS Experimental Protein Localization Evidence Scores 2025 dataset. | |
| COMPARTMENTS Text-mining Protein Localization Evidence Scores | cellular components co-occuring with BCO2 protein in abstracts of biomedical publications from the COMPARTMENTS Text-mining Protein Localization Evidence Scores dataset. | |
| COMPARTMENTS Text-mining Protein Localization Evidence Scores 2025 | cellular components co-occuring with BCO2 protein in abstracts of biomedical publications from the COMPARTMENTS Text-mining Protein Localization Evidence Scores 2025 dataset. | |
| COSMIC Cell Line Gene CNV Profiles | cell lines with high or low copy number of BCO2 gene relative to other cell lines from the COSMIC Cell Line Gene CNV Profiles dataset. | |
| COSMIC Cell Line Gene Mutation Profiles | cell lines with BCO2 gene mutations from the COSMIC Cell Line Gene Mutation Profiles dataset. | |
| CTD Gene-Chemical Interactions | chemicals interacting with BCO2 gene/protein from the curated CTD Gene-Chemical Interactions dataset. | |
| CTD Gene-Disease Associations | diseases associated with BCO2 gene/protein from the curated CTD Gene-Disease Associations dataset. | |
| dbGAP Gene-Trait Associations | traits associated with BCO2 gene in GWAS and other genetic association datasets from the dbGAP Gene-Trait Associations dataset. | |
| DeepCoverMOA Drug Mechanisms of Action | small molecule perturbations with high or low expression of BCO2 protein relative to other small molecule perturbations from the DeepCoverMOA Drug Mechanisms of Action dataset. | |
| DepMap CRISPR Gene Dependency | cell lines with fitness changed by BCO2 gene knockdown relative to other cell lines from the DepMap CRISPR Gene Dependency dataset. | |
| DISEASES Text-mining Gene-Disease Association Evidence Scores | diseases co-occuring with BCO2 gene in abstracts of biomedical publications from the DISEASES Text-mining Gene-Disease Assocation Evidence Scores dataset. | |
| DISEASES Text-mining Gene-Disease Association Evidence Scores 2025 | diseases co-occuring with BCO2 gene in abstracts of biomedical publications from the DISEASES Text-mining Gene-Disease Assocation Evidence Scores 2025 dataset. | |
| DisGeNET Gene-Disease Associations | diseases associated with BCO2 gene in GWAS and other genetic association datasets from the DisGeNET Gene-Disease Associations dataset. | |
| DisGeNET Gene-Phenotype Associations | phenotypes associated with BCO2 gene in GWAS and other genetic association datasets from the DisGeNET Gene-Phenoptype Associations dataset. | |
| ENCODE Histone Modification Site Profiles | histone modification site profiles with high histone modification abundance at BCO2 gene from the ENCODE Histone Modification Site Profiles dataset. | |
| ENCODE Transcription Factor Binding Site Profiles | transcription factor binding site profiles with transcription factor binding evidence at the promoter of BCO2 gene from the ENCODE Transcription Factor Binding Site Profiles dataset. | |
| ENCODE Transcription Factor Targets | transcription factors binding the promoter of BCO2 gene in ChIP-seq datasets from the ENCODE Transcription Factor Targets dataset. | |
| ESCAPE Omics Signatures of Genes and Proteins for Stem Cells | PubMedIDs of publications reporting gene signatures containing BCO2 from the ESCAPE Omics Signatures of Genes and Proteins for Stem Cells dataset. | |
| GAD Gene-Disease Associations | diseases associated with BCO2 gene in GWAS and other genetic association datasets from the GAD Gene-Disease Associations dataset. | |
| GeneRIF Biological Term Annotations | biological terms co-occuring with BCO2 gene in literature-supported statements describing functions of genes from the GeneRIF Biological Term Annotations dataset. | |
| GeneSigDB Published Gene Signatures | PubMedIDs of publications reporting gene signatures containing BCO2 from the GeneSigDB Published Gene Signatures dataset. | |
| GEO Signatures of Differentially Expressed Genes for Diseases | disease perturbations changing expression of BCO2 gene from the GEO Signatures of Differentially Expressed Genes for Diseases dataset. | |
| GEO Signatures of Differentially Expressed Genes for Gene Perturbations | gene perturbations changing expression of BCO2 gene from the GEO Signatures of Differentially Expressed Genes for Gene Perturbations dataset. | |
| GEO Signatures of Differentially Expressed Genes for Kinase Perturbations | kinase perturbations changing expression of BCO2 gene from the GEO Signatures of Differentially Expressed Genes for Kinase Perturbations dataset. | |
| GEO Signatures of Differentially Expressed Genes for Small Molecules | small molecule perturbations changing expression of BCO2 gene from the GEO Signatures of Differentially Expressed Genes for Small Molecules dataset. | |
| GEO Signatures of Differentially Expressed Genes for Transcription Factor Perturbations | transcription factor perturbations changing expression of BCO2 gene from the GEO Signatures of Differentially Expressed Genes for Transcription Factor Perturbations dataset. | |
| GEO Signatures of Differentially Expressed Genes for Viral Infections | virus perturbations changing expression of BCO2 gene from the GEO Signatures of Differentially Expressed Genes for Viral Infections dataset. | |
| GO Biological Process Annotations 2015 | biological processes involving BCO2 gene from the curated GO Biological Process Annotations 2015 dataset. | |
| GO Biological Process Annotations 2023 | biological processes involving BCO2 gene from the curated GO Biological Process Annotations 2023 dataset. | |
| GO Biological Process Annotations 2025 | biological processes involving BCO2 gene from the curated GO Biological Process Annotations2025 dataset. | |
| GO Cellular Component Annotations 2015 | cellular components containing BCO2 protein from the curated GO Cellular Component Annotations 2015 dataset. | |
| GO Cellular Component Annotations 2023 | cellular components containing BCO2 protein from the curated GO Cellular Component Annotations 2023 dataset. | |
| GO Cellular Component Annotations 2025 | cellular components containing BCO2 protein from the curated GO Cellular Component Annotations 2025 dataset. | |
| GO Molecular Function Annotations 2015 | molecular functions performed by BCO2 gene from the curated GO Molecular Function Annotations 2015 dataset. | |
| GO Molecular Function Annotations 2023 | molecular functions performed by BCO2 gene from the curated GO Molecular Function Annotations 2023 dataset. | |
| GO Molecular Function Annotations 2025 | molecular functions performed by BCO2 gene from the curated GO Molecular Function Annotations 2025 dataset. | |
| GTEx eQTL 2025 | SNPs regulating expression of BCO2 gene from the GTEx eQTL 2025 dataset. | |
| GTEx Tissue Gene Expression Profiles | tissues with high or low expression of BCO2 gene relative to other tissues from the GTEx Tissue Gene Expression Profiles dataset. | |
| GTEx Tissue Gene Expression Profiles 2023 | tissues with high or low expression of BCO2 gene relative to other tissues from the GTEx Tissue Gene Expression Profiles 2023 dataset. | |
| GTEx Tissue Sample Gene Expression Profiles | tissue samples with high or low expression of BCO2 gene relative to other tissue samples from the GTEx Tissue Sample Gene Expression Profiles dataset. | |
| GWAS Catalog SNP-Phenotype Associations | phenotypes associated with BCO2 gene in GWAS datasets from the GWAS Catalog SNP-Phenotype Associations dataset. | |
| GWAS Catalog SNP-Phenotype Associations 2025 | phenotypes associated with BCO2 gene in GWAS datasets from the GWAS Catalog SNP-Phenotype Associations 2025 dataset. | |
| GWASdb SNP-Disease Associations | diseases associated with BCO2 gene in GWAS and other genetic association datasets from the GWASdb SNP-Disease Associations dataset. | |
| GWASdb SNP-Phenotype Associations | phenotypes associated with BCO2 gene in GWAS datasets from the GWASdb SNP-Phenotype Associations dataset. | |
| HMDB Metabolites of Enzymes | interacting metabolites for BCO2 protein from the curated HMDB Metabolites of Enzymes dataset. | |
| HPA Cell Line Gene Expression Profiles | cell lines with high or low expression of BCO2 gene relative to other cell lines from the HPA Cell Line Gene Expression Profiles dataset. | |
| HPA Tissue Gene Expression Profiles | tissues with high or low expression of BCO2 gene relative to other tissues from the HPA Tissue Gene Expression Profiles dataset. | |
| HPA Tissue Protein Expression Profiles | tissues with high or low expression of BCO2 protein relative to other tissues from the HPA Tissue Protein Expression Profiles dataset. | |
| HPA Tissue Sample Gene Expression Profiles | tissue samples with high or low expression of BCO2 gene relative to other tissue samples from the HPA Tissue Sample Gene Expression Profiles dataset. | |
| HuGE Navigator Gene-Phenotype Associations | phenotypes associated with BCO2 gene by text-mining GWAS publications from the HuGE Navigator Gene-Phenotype Associations dataset. | |
| InterPro Predicted Protein Domain Annotations | protein domains predicted for BCO2 protein from the InterPro Predicted Protein Domain Annotations dataset. | |
| JASPAR Predicted Human Transcription Factor Targets 2025 | transcription factors regulating expression of BCO2 gene predicted using known transcription factor binding site motifs from the JASPAR Predicted Human Transcription Factor Targets dataset. | |
| JASPAR Predicted Mouse Transcription Factor Targets 2025 | transcription factors regulating expression of BCO2 gene predicted using known transcription factor binding site motifs from the JASPAR Predicted Mouse Transcription Factor Targets 2025 dataset. | |
| JASPAR Predicted Transcription Factor Targets | transcription factors regulating expression of BCO2 gene predicted using known transcription factor binding site motifs from the JASPAR Predicted Transcription Factor Targets dataset. | |
| Klijn et al., Nat. Biotechnol., 2015 Cell Line Gene CNV Profiles | cell lines with high or low copy number of BCO2 gene relative to other cell lines from the Klijn et al., Nat. Biotechnol., 2015 Cell Line Gene CNV Profiles dataset. | |
| Klijn et al., Nat. Biotechnol., 2015 Cell Line Gene Expression Profiles | cell lines with high or low expression of BCO2 gene relative to other cell lines from the Klijn et al., Nat. Biotechnol., 2015 Cell Line Gene Expression Profiles dataset. | |
| KnockTF Gene Expression Profiles with Transcription Factor Perturbations | transcription factor perturbations changing expression of BCO2 gene from the KnockTF Gene Expression Profiles with Transcription Factor Perturbations dataset. | |
| LOCATE Curated Protein Localization Annotations | cellular components containing BCO2 protein in low- or high-throughput protein localization assays from the LOCATE Curated Protein Localization Annotations dataset. | |
| LOCATE Predicted Protein Localization Annotations | cellular components predicted to contain BCO2 protein from the LOCATE Predicted Protein Localization Annotations dataset. | |
| MGI Mouse Phenotype Associations 2023 | phenotypes of transgenic mice caused by BCO2 gene mutations from the MGI Mouse Phenotype Associations 2023 dataset. | |
| MotifMap Predicted Transcription Factor Targets | transcription factors regulating expression of BCO2 gene predicted using known transcription factor binding site motifs from the MotifMap Predicted Transcription Factor Targets dataset. | |
| MoTrPAC Rat Endurance Exercise Training | tissue samples with high or low expression of BCO2 gene relative to other tissue samples from the MoTrPAC Rat Endurance Exercise Training dataset. | |
| MPO Gene-Phenotype Associations | phenotypes of transgenic mice caused by BCO2 gene mutations from the MPO Gene-Phenotype Associations dataset. | |
| MSigDB Signatures of Differentially Expressed Genes for Cancer Gene Perturbations | gene perturbations changing expression of BCO2 gene from the MSigDB Signatures of Differentially Expressed Genes for Cancer Gene Perturbations dataset. | |
| Pathway Commons Protein-Protein Interactions | interacting proteins for BCO2 from the Pathway Commons Protein-Protein Interactions dataset. | |
| PerturbAtlas Signatures of Differentially Expressed Genes for Gene Perturbations | gene perturbations changing expression of BCO2 gene from the PerturbAtlas Signatures of Differentially Expressed Genes for Gene Perturbations dataset. | |
| PerturbAtlas Signatures of Differentially Expressed Genes for Mouse Gene Perturbations | gene perturbations changing expression of BCO2 gene from the PerturbAtlas Signatures of Differentially Expressed Genes for Gene Perturbations dataset. | |
| PFOCR Pathway Figure Associations 2023 | pathways involving BCO2 protein from the PFOCR Pathway Figure Associations 2023 dataset. | |
| PFOCR Pathway Figure Associations 2024 | pathways involving BCO2 protein from the Wikipathways PFOCR 2024 dataset. | |
| Reactome Pathways 2014 | pathways involving BCO2 protein from the Reactome Pathways dataset. | |
| Reactome Pathways 2024 | pathways involving BCO2 protein from the Reactome Pathways 2024 dataset. | |
| Roadmap Epigenomics Cell and Tissue Gene Expression Profiles | cell types and tissues with high or low expression of BCO2 gene relative to other cell types and tissues from the Roadmap Epigenomics Cell and Tissue Gene Expression Profiles dataset. | |
| Roadmap Epigenomics Histone Modification Site Profiles | histone modification site profiles with high histone modification abundance at BCO2 gene from the Roadmap Epigenomics Histone Modification Site Profiles dataset. | |
| RummaGEO Drug Perturbation Signatures | drug perturbations changing expression of BCO2 gene from the RummaGEO Drug Perturbation Signatures dataset. | |
| RummaGEO Gene Perturbation Signatures | gene perturbations changing expression of BCO2 gene from the RummaGEO Gene Perturbation Signatures dataset. | |
| Tabula Sapiens Gene-Cell Associations | cell types with high or low expression of BCO2 gene relative to other cell types from the Tabula Sapiens Gene-Cell Associations dataset. | |
| TargetScan Predicted Conserved microRNA Targets | microRNAs regulating expression of BCO2 gene predicted using conserved miRNA seed sequences from the TargetScan Predicted Conserved microRNA Targets dataset. | |
| TargetScan Predicted Nonconserved microRNA Targets | microRNAs regulating expression of BCO2 gene predicted using nonconserved miRNA seed sequences from the TargetScan Predicted Nonconserved microRNA Targets dataset. | |
| TCGA Signatures of Differentially Expressed Genes for Tumors | tissue samples with high or low expression of BCO2 gene relative to other tissue samples from the TCGA Signatures of Differentially Expressed Genes for Tumors dataset. | |
| TISSUES Curated Tissue Protein Expression Evidence Scores | tissues with high expression of BCO2 protein from the TISSUES Curated Tissue Protein Expression Evidence Scores dataset. | |
| TISSUES Curated Tissue Protein Expression Evidence Scores 2025 | tissues with high expression of BCO2 protein from the TISSUES Curated Tissue Protein Expression Evidence Scores 2025 dataset. | |
| TISSUES Experimental Tissue Protein Expression Evidence Scores | tissues with high expression of BCO2 protein in proteomics datasets from the TISSUES Experimental Tissue Protein Expression Evidence Scores dataset. | |
| TISSUES Experimental Tissue Protein Expression Evidence Scores 2025 | tissues with high expression of BCO2 protein in proteomics datasets from the TISSUES Experimental Tissue Protein Expression Evidence Scores 2025 dataset. | |
| TISSUES Text-mining Tissue Protein Expression Evidence Scores | tissues co-occuring with BCO2 protein in abstracts of biomedical publications from the TISSUES Text-mining Tissue Protein Expression Evidence Scores dataset. | |
| TISSUES Text-mining Tissue Protein Expression Evidence Scores 2025 | tissues co-occuring with BCO2 protein in abstracts of biomedical publications from the TISSUES Text-mining Tissue Protein Expression Evidence Scores 2025 dataset. | |
| WikiPathways Pathways 2014 | pathways involving BCO2 protein from the Wikipathways Pathways 2014 dataset. | |
| WikiPathways Pathways 2024 | pathways involving BCO2 protein from the WikiPathways Pathways 2024 dataset. | |
