{"type": "root", "children": [{"type": "p", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "\nRecent studies have revealed that the gene originally identified as BCOX1—and in some reports as MLAA‐22—is overexpressed in breast carcinomas compared with normal tissues. In breast cancer, its mRNA is predominantly found in the cytoplasm of malignant epithelial cells, and its expression increases progressively from ductal in situ carcinomas to invasive and metastatic lesions. Elevated levels have been significantly associated with high histological grade, HER2 positivity, and triple‐negative status, suggesting that this gene plays a role in tumor progression and may serve as a marker of poor prognosis as well as a potential therapeutic target."}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_f", "ref": "1"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "\n"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "\n\n"}, {"type": "p", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "\nIn prostate cancer, the deregulation of microRNAs has been shown to contribute to metastatic behavior. Specifically, the loss of miR‐195 expression leads to the de-repression of BCOX1, resulting in its aberrant upregulation. This deregulation contributes to enhanced cell proliferation, migration, and invasion, with in vivo models confirming that elevated BCOX1 levels promote tumor growth and metastasis. Such findings highlight its functional role in disease progression and support its investigation as a prognostic biomarker and therapeutic target in prostate cancer."}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_f", "ref": "3"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "\n"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "\n\n"}, {"type": "p", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "\nAdditional investigations have identified this gene as a novel tumor‐associated antigen in settings beyond breast and prostate cancers. Analysis of MLAA‐22, which maps to the same chromosomal region (17q11.2) and shares several molecular characteristics with BCOX1, has provided further insight into its antigenic properties and potential relevance in immunotherapeutic strategies, particularly in certain hematologic malignancies. Moreover, emerging data on the regulatory influence of circRNAs in lung cancer hint at complex post‐transcriptional networks that may intersect with BLTP2/BCOX1-related signaling pathways, although the direct role of this gene in lung cancer remains to be fully elucidated."}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_f", "ref": "4"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "\n"}]}, {"type": "rg", "children": [{"type": "r", "ref": 1, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Jin Song, Wanjun Yang, Ie-Ming Shih, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Identification of BCOX1, a novel gene overexpressed in breast cancer."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Biochim Biophys Acta (2006)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1016/j.bbagen.2005.09.017"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bbagen.2005.09.017"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "16289875"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/16289875"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 2, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Tong Liu, Xian-Yu Zhang, Xiao-Hui He, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "High levels of BCOX1 expression are associated with poor prognosis in patients with invasive ductal carcinomas of the breast."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "PLoS One (2014)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1371/journal.pone.0086952"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0086952"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "24489812"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24489812"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 3, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Jia Guo, Min Wang, Xiuheng Liu "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "MicroRNA-195 suppresses tumor cell proliferation and metastasis by directly targeting BCOX1 in prostate carcinoma."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "J Exp Clin Cancer Res (2015)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1186/s13046-015-0209-7"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1186/s13046-015-0209-7"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "26338045"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26338045"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 4, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Fu-Ling Zhou, Wang-Gang Zhang, Xin Meng, et al. 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