{"type": "root", "children": [{"type": "p", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "\nRecent investigations into RNA uptake and immune regulation have revealed that specific transmembrane proteins facilitate the cellular import of extracellular RNAs. For instance, SIDT1 expressed in gastric pit cells is essential for the low-pH–dependent absorption of dietary microRNAs, impacting systemic gene regulation, while a related family member, SIDT2, is key for the cytosolic delivery of dsRNA from endolysosomal compartments to trigger innate antiviral responses. These findings illuminate critical mechanisms by which cells internalize and respond to exogenous RNA stimuli."}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_f", "ref": "1"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "\n"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "\n\n"}, {"type": "p", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "\nParallel studies in reproductive biology have focused on Y-chromosome–encoded genes that influence male germ cell development. The testis-specific gene VCY2, localized to the nuclei of spermatogenic cells, is implicated in normal spermatogenesis, and its dysregulation has been associated with infertility. Moreover, interactions between VCY2 and the ubiquitin-protein ligase UBE3A suggest that targeted ubiquitination may be pivotal for its function in germ cells."}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_f", "ref": "3"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "\n"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "\n\n"}, {"type": "p", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "\nIn the context of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), a newly characterized long non‐coding RNA, AC006262.5, has been shown to enhance tumor proliferation, migration, and invasion by forming a regulatory loop with the tumor‐suppressive miR-7855-5p. Notably, this regulatory nexus results in the modulation of BPY2C expression, wherein upregulation of AC006262.5 suppresses miR-7855-5p, thereby facilitating elevated BPY2C levels. Although the precise functional role of BPY2C in HCC remains to be fully elucidated, its upregulation in response to this lncRNA–miRNA axis suggests that BPY2C may contribute to the oncogenic processes underlying HCC progression."}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_f", "ref": "5"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "\n"}]}, {"type": "rg", "children": [{"type": "r", "ref": 1, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Qun Chen, Fan Zhang, Lei Dong, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "SIDT1-dependent absorption in the stomach mediates host uptake of dietary and orally administered microRNAs."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Cell Res (2021)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1038/s41422-020-0389-3"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1038/s41422-020-0389-3"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "32801357"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32801357"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 2, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Tan A Nguyen, Blake R C Smith, Kirstin D Elgass, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "SIDT1 Localizes to Endolysosomes and Mediates Double-Stranded RNA Transport into the Cytoplasm."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "J Immunol (2019)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.4049/jimmunol.1801369"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.4049/jimmunol.1801369"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "31061008"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31061008"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 3, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "J Y M Tse, E Y M Wong, A N Y Cheung, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Specific expression of VCY2 in human male germ cells and its involvement in the pathogenesis of male infertility."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Biol Reprod (2003)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1095/biolreprod.103.015792"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1095/biolreprod.103.015792"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "12724276"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/12724276"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 4, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Elaine Y M Wong, Jenny Y M Tse, Kwok-Ming Yao, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "VCY2 protein interacts with the HECT domain of ubiquitin-protein ligase E3A."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Biochem Biophys Res Commun (2002)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1016/s0006-291x(02)02040-5"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/s0006-291x(02"}, {"type": "t", "text": "02040-5) PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "12207887"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/12207887"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 5, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Fen-Rong Chen, Yan Wang, Yan Cheng, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "The AC006262.5-miR-7855-5p-BPY2C axis facilitates hepatocellular carcinoma proliferation and migration."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Biochem Cell Biol (2021)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1139/bcb-2019-0239"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1139/bcb-2019-0239"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "32956593"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32956593"}]}]}]}