C1D Gene

Name	C1D nuclear receptor corepressor
Description	The protein encoded by this gene is a DNA binding and apoptosis-inducing protein and is localized in the nucleus. It is also a Rac3-interacting protein which acts as a corepressor for the thyroid hormone receptor. This protein is thought to regulate TRAX/Translin complex formation. Alternate splicing results in multiple transcript variants that encode the same protein. Multiple pseudogenes of this gene are found on chromosome 10.[provided by RefSeq, Jun 2010]
Summary	{"type": "root", "children": [{"type": "p", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "\n C1D is a multifunctional nuclear protein that plays dual roles in RNA metabolism and the maintenance of genomic stability. On one hand, C1D associates with key components of the RNA exosome—binding directly to the exosome subunit PM/Scl-100 and forming a stable complex with factors such as MPP6—which appears to facilitate the recruitment of the exosome to structured precursor RNAs (for example, the 3′ end processing of 5.8S rRNA) and may involve its intrinsic RNA‐binding activity."}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_f", "ref": "1"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " \n "}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "\n "}, {"type": "p", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "\n On the other hand, C1D functions as an activator in the DNA damage response. It interacts with the catalytic subunit of DNA‐dependent protein kinase (DNA‐PKcs) via a leucine zipper region, becoming a highly effective DNA‐PK substrate in vitro and directing activation of DNA‐PK even in the absence of DNA termini; such activity implicates C1D in double‐strand break repair and V(D)J recombination."}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_f", "ref": "2"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " Moreover, C1D expression is upregulated by XPB following ultraviolet irradiation, and its interaction with XPB enhances repair signaling in UV‐damaged cells without directly altering nucleotide excision repair efficiency."}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_f", "ref": "4"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "\n "}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "\n "}, {"type": "p", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "\n In addition to its roles in RNA processing and DNA repair, C1D has clinical significance as a major autoantigen in patients with the polymyositis–scleroderma overlap syndrome, where autoantibodies against C1D are detected at frequencies comparable to those against established autoantigens."}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_f", "ref": "6"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "\n "}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "\n "}, {"type": "p", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "\n Collectively, these findings indicate that C1D is integral to coordinating the processing of structured RNAs and activating DNA damage repair pathways, underscoring its importance in preserving both proper RNA maturation and genomic integrity.\n "}]}, {"type": "rg", "children": [{"type": "r", "ref": 1, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Geurt Schilders, Erwin van Dijk, Ger J M Pruijn "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "C1D and hMtr4p associate with the human exosome subunit PM/Scl-100 and are involved in pre-rRNA processing."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Nucleic Acids Res (2007)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1093/nar/gkm082"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1093/nar/gkm082"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "17412707"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/17412707"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 2, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "U Yavuzer, G C Smith, T Bliss, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "DNA end-independent activation of DNA-PK mediated via association with the DNA-binding protein C1D."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Genes Dev (1998)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1101/gad.12.14.2188"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1101/gad.12.14.2188"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "9679063"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/9679063"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 3, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Tuba Erdemir, Bilada Bilican, Dilhan Oncel, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "DNA damage-dependent interaction of the nuclear matrix protein C1D with Translin-associated factor X (TRAX)."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "J Cell Sci (2002)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1242/jcs.115.1.207"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1242/jcs.115.1.207"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "11801738"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11801738"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 4, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Guang Li, Juhong Liu, Mones Abu-Asab, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "XPB induces C1D expression to counteract UV-induced apoptosis."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Mol Cancer Res (2010)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1158/1541-7786.MCR-09-0467"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1158/1541-7786.MCR-09-0467"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "20530579"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/20530579"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 5, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Takeshi Tomita, Katsuaki Ieguchi, Morichika Takita, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "C1D is not directly involved in the repair of UV-damaged DNA but protects cells from oxidative stress by regulating gene expressions in human cell lines."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "J Biochem (2018)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1093/jb/mvy069"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1093/jb/mvy069"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "30165670"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30165670"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 6, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Geurt Schilders, Wilma Vree Egberts, Reinout Raijmakers, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "C1D is a major autoantibody target in patients with the polymyositis-scleroderma overlap syndrome."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Arthritis Rheum (2007)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1002/art.22710"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1002/art.22710"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "17599775"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/17599775"}]}]}]}
Synonyms	SUNCOR, LRP1, HC1D, RRP47, SUN-COR
Proteins	C1D_HUMAN
NCBI Gene ID	10438
API
Download Associations
Predicted Functions
Co-expressed Genes
Expression in Tissues and Cell Lines

Functional Associations

C1D has 7,390 functional associations with biological entities spanning 9 categories (molecular profile, organism, disease, phenotype or trait, functional term, phrase or reference, chemical, structural feature, cell line, cell type or tissue, gene, protein or microRNA, sequence feature) extracted from 112 datasets.

Click the + buttons to view associations for C1D from the datasets below.

If available, associations are ranked by standardized value

Harmonizome 3.0

C1D Gene

Functional Associations

Please acknowledge the Harmonizome in your publications by citing the following reference(s):

	Dataset	Summary
	Allen Brain Atlas Adult Human Brain Tissue Gene Expression Profiles	tissues with high or low expression of C1D gene relative to other tissues from the Allen Brain Atlas Adult Human Brain Tissue Gene Expression Profiles dataset.
	Allen Brain Atlas Adult Mouse Brain Tissue Gene Expression Profiles	tissues with high or low expression of C1D gene relative to other tissues from the Allen Brain Atlas Adult Mouse Brain Tissue Gene Expression Profiles dataset.
	Allen Brain Atlas Developing Human Brain Tissue Gene Expression Profiles by RNA-seq	tissue samples with high or low expression of C1D gene relative to other tissue samples from the Allen Brain Atlas Developing Human Brain Tissue Gene Expression Profiles by RNA-seq dataset.
	Allen Brain Atlas Prenatal Human Brain Tissue Gene Expression Profiles	tissues with high or low expression of C1D gene relative to other tissues from the Allen Brain Atlas Prenatal Human Brain Tissue Gene Expression Profiles dataset.
	BioGPS Cell Line Gene Expression Profiles	cell lines with high or low expression of C1D gene relative to other cell lines from the BioGPS Cell Line Gene Expression Profiles dataset.
	BioGPS Human Cell Type and Tissue Gene Expression Profiles	cell types and tissues with high or low expression of C1D gene relative to other cell types and tissues from the BioGPS Human Cell Type and Tissue Gene Expression Profiles dataset.
	BioGPS Mouse Cell Type and Tissue Gene Expression Profiles	cell types and tissues with high or low expression of C1D gene relative to other cell types and tissues from the BioGPS Mouse Cell Type and Tissue Gene Expression Profiles dataset.
	CCLE Cell Line Gene CNV Profiles	cell lines with high or low copy number of C1D gene relative to other cell lines from the CCLE Cell Line Gene CNV Profiles dataset.
	CCLE Cell Line Gene Expression Profiles	cell lines with high or low expression of C1D gene relative to other cell lines from the CCLE Cell Line Gene Expression Profiles dataset.
	CCLE Cell Line Proteomics	Cell lines associated with C1D protein from the CCLE Cell Line Proteomics dataset.
	CellMarker Gene-Cell Type Associations	cell types associated with C1D gene from the CellMarker Gene-Cell Type Associations dataset.
	ChEA Transcription Factor Binding Site Profiles	transcription factor binding site profiles with transcription factor binding evidence at the promoter of C1D gene from the CHEA Transcription Factor Binding Site Profiles dataset.
	ChEA Transcription Factor Targets	transcription factors binding the promoter of C1D gene in low- or high-throughput transcription factor functional studies from the CHEA Transcription Factor Targets dataset.
	ChEA Transcription Factor Targets 2022	transcription factors binding the promoter of C1D gene in low- or high-throughput transcription factor functional studies from the CHEA Transcription Factor Targets 2022 dataset.
	ClinVar Gene-Phenotype Associations 2025	phenotypes associated with C1D gene from the curated ClinVar Gene-Phenotype Associations 2025 dataset.
	CM4AI U2OS Cell Map Protein Localization Assemblies	assemblies containing C1D protein from integrated AP-MS and IF data from the CM4AI U2OS Cell Map Protein Localization Assemblies dataset.
	CMAP Signatures of Differentially Expressed Genes for Small Molecules	small molecule perturbations changing expression of C1D gene from the CMAP Signatures of Differentially Expressed Genes for Small Molecules dataset.
	COMPARTMENTS Curated Protein Localization Evidence Scores	cellular components containing C1D protein from the COMPARTMENTS Curated Protein Localization Evidence Scores dataset.
	COMPARTMENTS Curated Protein Localization Evidence Scores 2025	cellular components containing C1D protein from the COMPARTMENTS Curated Protein Localization Evidence Scores 2025 dataset.
	COMPARTMENTS Experimental Protein Localization Evidence Scores	cellular components containing C1D protein in low- or high-throughput protein localization assays from the COMPARTMENTS Experimental Protein Localization Evidence Scores dataset.
	COMPARTMENTS Text-mining Protein Localization Evidence Scores	cellular components co-occuring with C1D protein in abstracts of biomedical publications from the COMPARTMENTS Text-mining Protein Localization Evidence Scores dataset.
	COMPARTMENTS Text-mining Protein Localization Evidence Scores 2025	cellular components co-occuring with C1D protein in abstracts of biomedical publications from the COMPARTMENTS Text-mining Protein Localization Evidence Scores 2025 dataset.
	CORUM Protein Complexes	protein complexs containing C1D protein from the CORUM Protein Complexes dataset.
	COSMIC Cell Line Gene CNV Profiles	cell lines with high or low copy number of C1D gene relative to other cell lines from the COSMIC Cell Line Gene CNV Profiles dataset.
	COSMIC Cell Line Gene Mutation Profiles	cell lines with C1D gene mutations from the COSMIC Cell Line Gene Mutation Profiles dataset.
	CTD Gene-Disease Associations	diseases associated with C1D gene/protein from the curated CTD Gene-Disease Associations dataset.
	DeepCoverMOA Drug Mechanisms of Action	small molecule perturbations with high or low expression of C1D protein relative to other small molecule perturbations from the DeepCoverMOA Drug Mechanisms of Action dataset.
	DepMap CRISPR Gene Dependency	cell lines with fitness changed by C1D gene knockdown relative to other cell lines from the DepMap CRISPR Gene Dependency dataset.
	DISEASES Experimental Gene-Disease Association Evidence Scores 2025	diseases associated with C1D gene in GWAS datasets from the DISEASES Experimental Gene-Disease Assocation Evidence Scores 2025 dataset.
	DISEASES Text-mining Gene-Disease Association Evidence Scores	diseases co-occuring with C1D gene in abstracts of biomedical publications from the DISEASES Text-mining Gene-Disease Assocation Evidence Scores dataset.
	DISEASES Text-mining Gene-Disease Association Evidence Scores 2025	diseases co-occuring with C1D gene in abstracts of biomedical publications from the DISEASES Text-mining Gene-Disease Assocation Evidence Scores 2025 dataset.
	DisGeNET Gene-Disease Associations	diseases associated with C1D gene in GWAS and other genetic association datasets from the DisGeNET Gene-Disease Associations dataset.
	DisGeNET Gene-Phenotype Associations	phenotypes associated with C1D gene in GWAS and other genetic association datasets from the DisGeNET Gene-Phenoptype Associations dataset.
	ENCODE Histone Modification Site Profiles	histone modification site profiles with high histone modification abundance at C1D gene from the ENCODE Histone Modification Site Profiles dataset.
	ENCODE Transcription Factor Binding Site Profiles	transcription factor binding site profiles with transcription factor binding evidence at the promoter of C1D gene from the ENCODE Transcription Factor Binding Site Profiles dataset.
	ENCODE Transcription Factor Targets	transcription factors binding the promoter of C1D gene in ChIP-seq datasets from the ENCODE Transcription Factor Targets dataset.
	ESCAPE Omics Signatures of Genes and Proteins for Stem Cells	PubMedIDs of publications reporting gene signatures containing C1D from the ESCAPE Omics Signatures of Genes and Proteins for Stem Cells dataset.
	GAD Gene-Disease Associations	diseases associated with C1D gene in GWAS and other genetic association datasets from the GAD Gene-Disease Associations dataset.
	GAD High Level Gene-Disease Associations	diseases associated with C1D gene in GWAS and other genetic association datasets from the GAD High Level Gene-Disease Associations dataset.
	GDSC Cell Line Gene Expression Profiles	cell lines with high or low expression of C1D gene relative to other cell lines from the GDSC Cell Line Gene Expression Profiles dataset.