CALU Gene

HGNC Family	EF-hand domain containing
Name	calumenin
Description	The product of this gene is a calcium-binding protein localized in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and it is involved in such ER functions as protein folding and sorting. This protein belongs to a family of multiple EF-hand proteins (CERC) that include reticulocalbin, ERC-55, and Cab45 and the product of this gene. Alternatively spliced transcript variants encoding different isoforms have been identified. [provided by RefSeq, Oct 2008]
Summary	{"type": "root", "children": [{"type": "p", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "\n Calumenin (CALU) is a multifunctional, EF‐hand Ca²⁺‐binding protein that is primarily localized to the endoplasmic reticulum and, in certain contexts, found extracellularly. Genetic and pharmacogenomic studies have implicated CALU variants as modest determinants of interindividual variability in warfarin and other coumarin anticoagulant dose requirements, and CALU polymorphisms may also influence the activity of vitamin K–dependent proteins such as protein C and protein S."}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_fs", "start_ref": "1", "end_ref": "6"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " In cardiomyocytes, CALU interacts with the sarcoplasmic/endoplasmic reticulum Ca²⁺‐ATPase (SERCA2) to modulate Ca²⁺ cycling, thereby influencing cardiac contraction dynamics."}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_f", "ref": "7"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " In addition, CALU plays diverse roles in the regulation of cell migration and tumor progression. In several cancer models—including pancreatic, lung, and mucosal melanomas—altered intracellular or extracellular CALU has been associated with either promoting invasive behavior or, conversely, suppressing metastasis through stabilization of extracellular matrix components (for example, fibulin‐1) and attenuation of ERK1/2 signaling."}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_fs", "start_ref": "8", "end_ref": "12"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " Moreover, CALU expression may be modulated by specific microRNAs that affect vascular smooth muscle cell proliferation, cytoskeletal dynamics, and endoplasmic reticulum homeostasis."}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_fs", "start_ref": "13", "end_ref": "15"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " CALU has also been linked to the regulation of innate immune responses – acting as a negative regulator of virus‐induced type I interferon activation – and to hemostasis via specific interactions with thrombospondin‑1 in platelets (see, for example"}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_f", "ref": "16"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "and."}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_f", "ref": "17"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " Finally, in models of cystic fibrosis, changes in CALU expression appear to accompany improvements in trafficking of misfolded CFTR protein."}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_f", "ref": "18"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " Collectively, these findings reveal that CALU is a versatile regulator involved in coagulation, Ca²⁺ handling, protein processing, cell migration, and immune responses – highlighting its potential as a therapeutic target in disorders ranging from anticoagulant dosing and cardiac dysfunction to cancer metastasis and inflammatory conditions.\n "}]}, {"type": "rg", "children": [{"type": "r", "ref": 1, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Mia Wadelius, Leslie Y Chen, Niclas Eriksson, et al. 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"}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "A polymorphism in the VKORC1 regulator calumenin predicts higher warfarin dose requirements in African Americans."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Clin Pharmacol Ther (2010)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1038/clpt.2009.291"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1038/clpt.2009.291"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "20200517"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/20200517"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 3, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "M T Michael Lee, Chien-Hsiun Chen, Ching-Heng Chou, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Genetic determinants of warfarin dosing in the Han-Chinese population."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Pharmacogenomics (2009)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.2217/pgs.09.106"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.2217/pgs.09.106"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "19958090"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19958090"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 4, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Rina Kimura, Yoshihiro Kokubo, Kotaro Miyashita, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Polymorphisms in vitamin K-dependent gamma-carboxylation-related genes influence interindividual variability in plasma protein C and protein S activities in the general population."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Int J Hematol (2006)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1532/IJH97.06082"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1532/IJH97.06082"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "17189218"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/17189218"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 5, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "R González-Conejero, J Corral, V Roldán, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "The genetic interaction between VKORC1 c1173t and calumenin a29809g modulates the anticoagulant response of acenocoumarol."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "J Thromb Haemost (2007)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1111/j.1538-7836.2007.02630.x"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1538-7836.2007.02630.x"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "17596133"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/17596133"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 6, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "V Pérez-Andreu, V Roldán, M F López-Fernández, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Pharmacogenetics of acenocoumarol in patients with extreme dose requirements."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "J Thromb Haemost (2010)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1111/j.1538-7836.2010.03800.x"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1538-7836.2010.03800.x"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "20149073"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/20149073"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 7, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Sanjaya Kumar Sahoo, Taeyong Kim, Gil Bu Kang, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Characterization of calumenin-SERCA2 interaction in mouse cardiac sarcoplasmic reticulum."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "J Biol Chem (2009)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1074/jbc.M109.031989"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1074/jbc.M109.031989"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "19740751"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19740751"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 8, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Laurent Dumartin, Hannah J Whiteman, Mark E Weeks, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "AGR2 is a novel surface antigen that promotes the dissemination of pancreatic cancer cells through regulation of cathepsins B and D."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Cancer Res (2011)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1158/0008-5472.CAN-11-1367"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1158/0008-5472.CAN-11-1367"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "21948970"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21948970"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 9, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Kazuya Nagano, Sunao Imai, Xiluli Zhao, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Identification and evaluation of metastasis-related proteins, oxysterol binding protein-like 5 and calumenin, in lung tumors."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Int J Oncol (2015)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.3892/ijo.2015.3000"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.3892/ijo.2015.3000"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "25963840"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25963840"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 10, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Q Wang, B Shen, L Chen, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Extracellular calumenin suppresses ERK1/2 signaling and cell migration by protecting fibulin-1 from MMP-13-mediated proteolysis."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Oncogene (2015)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1038/onc.2014.52"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1038/onc.2014.52"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "24632605"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24632605"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 11, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "H Feng, L Chen, Q Wang, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Calumenin-15 facilitates filopodia formation by promoting TGF-β superfamily cytokine GDF-15 transcription."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Cell Death Dis (2013)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1038/cddis.2013.403"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1038/cddis.2013.403"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "24136234"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24136234"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 12, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Dylan Brethour, Mohadeseh Mehrabian, Declan Williams, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "A ZIP6-ZIP10 heteromer controls NCAM1 phosphorylation and integration into focal adhesion complexes during epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Sci Rep (2017)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1038/srep40313"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1038/srep40313"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "28098160"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28098160"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 13, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Elise Merlet, Fabrice Atassi, Rajender K Motiani, et al. 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"}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Proteome modulation in H9c2 cardiac cells by microRNAs miR-378 and miR-378."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Mol Cell Proteomics (2014)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1074/mcp.M113.030569"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1074/mcp.M113.030569"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "24068033"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24068033"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 16, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Mao-Tian Zhou, Yue Qin, Mi Li, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Quantitative Proteomics Reveals the Roles of Peroxisome-associated Proteins in Antiviral Innate Immune Responses."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Mol Cell Proteomics (2015)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1074/mcp.M115.048413"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1074/mcp.M115.048413"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "26124285"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26124285"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 17, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Gry Aune Westergaard Hansen, Henrik Vorum, Christian Jacobsen, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Calumenin but not reticulocalbin forms a Ca2+-dependent complex with thrombospondin-1. A potential role in haemostasis and thrombosis."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Mol Cell Biochem (2009)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1007/s11010-008-9895-1"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s11010-008-9895-1"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "18688696"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/18688696"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 18, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Patrícia Gomes-Alves, Francisco Couto, Cátia Pesquita, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Rescue of F508del-CFTR by RXR motif inactivation triggers proteome modulation associated with the unfolded protein response."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Biochim Biophys Acta (2010)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1016/j.bbapap.2009.12.013"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bbapap.2009.12.013"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "20044041"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/20044041"}]}]}]}
Proteins	CALU_HUMAN
NCBI Gene ID	813
API
Download Associations
Predicted Functions
Co-expressed Genes
Expression in Tissues and Cell Lines

Functional Associations

CALU has 13,084 functional associations with biological entities spanning 9 categories (molecular profile, organism, chemical, functional term, phrase or reference, disease, phenotype or trait, structural feature, cell line, cell type or tissue, gene, protein or microRNA, sequence feature) extracted from 130 datasets.

Click the + buttons to view associations for CALU from the datasets below.

If available, associations are ranked by standardized value

Harmonizome 3.0

CALU Gene

Functional Associations

Please acknowledge the Harmonizome in your publications by citing the following reference(s):

	Dataset	Summary
	Achilles Cell Line Gene Essentiality Profiles	cell lines with fitness changed by CALU gene knockdown relative to other cell lines from the Achilles Cell Line Gene Essentiality Profiles dataset.
	Allen Brain Atlas Adult Human Brain Tissue Gene Expression Profiles	tissues with high or low expression of CALU gene relative to other tissues from the Allen Brain Atlas Adult Human Brain Tissue Gene Expression Profiles dataset.
	Allen Brain Atlas Adult Mouse Brain Tissue Gene Expression Profiles	tissues with high or low expression of CALU gene relative to other tissues from the Allen Brain Atlas Adult Mouse Brain Tissue Gene Expression Profiles dataset.
	Allen Brain Atlas Aging Dementia and Traumatic Brain Injury Tissue Sample Gene Expression Profiles	tissue samples with high or low expression of CALU gene relative to other tissue samples from the Allen Brain Atlas Aging Dementia and Traumatic Brain Injury Tissue Sample Gene Expression Profiles dataset.
	Allen Brain Atlas Developing Human Brain Tissue Gene Expression Profiles by Microarray	tissue samples with high or low expression of CALU gene relative to other tissue samples from the Allen Brain Atlas Developing Human Brain Tissue Gene Expression Profiles by Microarray dataset.
	Allen Brain Atlas Developing Human Brain Tissue Gene Expression Profiles by RNA-seq	tissue samples with high or low expression of CALU gene relative to other tissue samples from the Allen Brain Atlas Developing Human Brain Tissue Gene Expression Profiles by RNA-seq dataset.
	Allen Brain Atlas Prenatal Human Brain Tissue Gene Expression Profiles	tissues with high or low expression of CALU gene relative to other tissues from the Allen Brain Atlas Prenatal Human Brain Tissue Gene Expression Profiles dataset.
	BioGPS Cell Line Gene Expression Profiles	cell lines with high or low expression of CALU gene relative to other cell lines from the BioGPS Cell Line Gene Expression Profiles dataset.
	BioGPS Human Cell Type and Tissue Gene Expression Profiles	cell types and tissues with high or low expression of CALU gene relative to other cell types and tissues from the BioGPS Human Cell Type and Tissue Gene Expression Profiles dataset.
	BioGPS Mouse Cell Type and Tissue Gene Expression Profiles	cell types and tissues with high or low expression of CALU gene relative to other cell types and tissues from the BioGPS Mouse Cell Type and Tissue Gene Expression Profiles dataset.
	Carcinogenome Chemical Perturbation Carcinogenicity Signatures	small molecule perturbations changing expression of CALU gene from the Carcinogenome Chemical Perturbation Carcinogenicity Signatures dataset.
	CCLE Cell Line Gene CNV Profiles	cell lines with high or low copy number of CALU gene relative to other cell lines from the CCLE Cell Line Gene CNV Profiles dataset.
	CCLE Cell Line Gene Expression Profiles	cell lines with high or low expression of CALU gene relative to other cell lines from the CCLE Cell Line Gene Expression Profiles dataset.
	CCLE Cell Line Proteomics	Cell lines associated with CALU protein from the CCLE Cell Line Proteomics dataset.
	CellMarker Gene-Cell Type Associations	cell types associated with CALU gene from the CellMarker Gene-Cell Type Associations dataset.
	ChEA Transcription Factor Binding Site Profiles	transcription factor binding site profiles with transcription factor binding evidence at the promoter of CALU gene from the CHEA Transcription Factor Binding Site Profiles dataset.
	ChEA Transcription Factor Targets	transcription factors binding the promoter of CALU gene in low- or high-throughput transcription factor functional studies from the CHEA Transcription Factor Targets dataset.
	ChEA Transcription Factor Targets 2022	transcription factors binding the promoter of CALU gene in low- or high-throughput transcription factor functional studies from the CHEA Transcription Factor Targets 2022 dataset.
	CM4AI U2OS Cell Map Protein Localization Assemblies	assemblies containing CALU protein from integrated AP-MS and IF data from the CM4AI U2OS Cell Map Protein Localization Assemblies dataset.
	CMAP Signatures of Differentially Expressed Genes for Small Molecules	small molecule perturbations changing expression of CALU gene from the CMAP Signatures of Differentially Expressed Genes for Small Molecules dataset.
	COMPARTMENTS Curated Protein Localization Evidence Scores	cellular components containing CALU protein from the COMPARTMENTS Curated Protein Localization Evidence Scores dataset.
	COMPARTMENTS Curated Protein Localization Evidence Scores 2025	cellular components containing CALU protein from the COMPARTMENTS Curated Protein Localization Evidence Scores 2025 dataset.
	COMPARTMENTS Experimental Protein Localization Evidence Scores	cellular components containing CALU protein in low- or high-throughput protein localization assays from the COMPARTMENTS Experimental Protein Localization Evidence Scores dataset.
	COMPARTMENTS Experimental Protein Localization Evidence Scores 2025	cellular components containing CALU protein in low- or high-throughput protein localization assays from the COMPARTMENTS Experimental Protein Localization Evidence Scores 2025 dataset.
	COMPARTMENTS Text-mining Protein Localization Evidence Scores	cellular components co-occuring with CALU protein in abstracts of biomedical publications from the COMPARTMENTS Text-mining Protein Localization Evidence Scores dataset.
	COMPARTMENTS Text-mining Protein Localization Evidence Scores 2025	cellular components co-occuring with CALU protein in abstracts of biomedical publications from the COMPARTMENTS Text-mining Protein Localization Evidence Scores 2025 dataset.
	COSMIC Cell Line Gene CNV Profiles	cell lines with high or low copy number of CALU gene relative to other cell lines from the COSMIC Cell Line Gene CNV Profiles dataset.
	COSMIC Cell Line Gene Mutation Profiles	cell lines with CALU gene mutations from the COSMIC Cell Line Gene Mutation Profiles dataset.
	CTD Gene-Chemical Interactions	chemicals interacting with CALU gene/protein from the curated CTD Gene-Chemical Interactions dataset.
	CTD Gene-Disease Associations	diseases associated with CALU gene/protein from the curated CTD Gene-Disease Associations dataset.
	DeepCoverMOA Drug Mechanisms of Action	small molecule perturbations with high or low expression of CALU protein relative to other small molecule perturbations from the DeepCoverMOA Drug Mechanisms of Action dataset.
	DepMap CRISPR Gene Dependency	cell lines with fitness changed by CALU gene knockdown relative to other cell lines from the DepMap CRISPR Gene Dependency dataset.
	DISEASES Curated Gene-Disease Association Evidence Scores 2025	diseases involving CALU gene from the DISEASES Curated Gene-Disease Association Evidence Scores 2025 dataset.
	DISEASES Experimental Gene-Disease Association Evidence Scores 2025	diseases associated with CALU gene in GWAS datasets from the DISEASES Experimental Gene-Disease Assocation Evidence Scores 2025 dataset.
	DISEASES Text-mining Gene-Disease Association Evidence Scores	diseases co-occuring with CALU gene in abstracts of biomedical publications from the DISEASES Text-mining Gene-Disease Assocation Evidence Scores dataset.
	DISEASES Text-mining Gene-Disease Association Evidence Scores 2025	diseases co-occuring with CALU gene in abstracts of biomedical publications from the DISEASES Text-mining Gene-Disease Assocation Evidence Scores 2025 dataset.
	DisGeNET Gene-Disease Associations	diseases associated with CALU gene in GWAS and other genetic association datasets from the DisGeNET Gene-Disease Associations dataset.
	DisGeNET Gene-Phenotype Associations	phenotypes associated with CALU gene in GWAS and other genetic association datasets from the DisGeNET Gene-Phenoptype Associations dataset.
	ENCODE Histone Modification Site Profiles	histone modification site profiles with high histone modification abundance at CALU gene from the ENCODE Histone Modification Site Profiles dataset.
	ENCODE Transcription Factor Binding Site Profiles	transcription factor binding site profiles with transcription factor binding evidence at the promoter of CALU gene from the ENCODE Transcription Factor Binding Site Profiles dataset.