{"type": "root", "children": [{"type": "p", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "\n Recent studies have identified the long non‐coding RNA CBR3‐AS1 as a critical regulator in several human malignancies. In osteosarcoma, CBR3‐AS1 is found to be highly expressed and is associated with advanced clinical stage, distant metastasis, and poor patient prognosis; functional assays have shown that its knockdown suppresses cell proliferation, migration, and invasion while promoting apoptosis in osteosarcoma cells."}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_f", "ref": "1"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " In breast cancer, elevated CBR3‐AS1 levels have been correlated with unfavorable clinical outcomes and resistance to chemotherapeutic agents such as adriamycin. Mechanistically, CBR3‐AS1 acts as a competing endogenous RNA by sponging miR‐25‐3p, thereby activating downstream MAPK pathway components (MEK4 and JNK1) that contribute to chemoresistance"}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_f", "ref": "2"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "; similar oncogenic properties were observed in breast cancer where high CBR3‐AS1 expression rendered promising biomarker potential"}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_f", "ref": "3"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "and."}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_f", "ref": "4"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": ""}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "\n \n "}, {"type": "p", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "\n In non‐small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), CBR3‐AS1 is overexpressed and correlates with larger tumor size, advanced stage, and increased lymph node metastasis. Functional studies indicate that CBR3‐AS1 promotes cell proliferation, invasion, and migration by acting as a sponge for miR‐509‐3p, subsequently upregulating the expression of histone deacetylase 9 (HDAC9)."}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_f", "ref": "5"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " Moreover, in another NSCLC study, CBR3‐AS1 was shown to negatively impact radiosensitivity via a mechanism involving the miR‐409‐3p/SOD1 axis, where its downregulation enhanced DNA damage responses and increased reactive oxygen species production."}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_f", "ref": "6"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "\n "}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "\n \n "}, {"type": "p", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "\n Interestingly, in colorectal cancer, the role of CBR3‐AS1 appears to be context dependent. One report demonstrated that CBR3‐AS1 is downregulated in colorectal cancer tissues and acts to inhibit cell migration and invasion by sponging miR‐29a."}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_f", "ref": "7"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " This tissue‐specific difference suggests that CBR3‐AS1 may possess divergent functions depending on the cellular context. Overall, these findings highlight CBR3‐AS1 as an oncogenic lncRNA in many cancers with potential diagnostic and therapeutic implications.\n "}]}, {"type": "rg", "children": [{"type": "r", "ref": 1, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Yunxing Zhang, Wang Meng, Hongxia Cui "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "LncRNA CBR3-AS1 predicts unfavorable prognosis and promotes tumorigenesis in osteosarcoma."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Biomed Pharmacother (2018)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1016/j.biopha.2018.02.081"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biopha.2018.02.081"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "29554595"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29554595"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 2, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Ming Zhang, Yan Wang, Longyang Jiang, et al. 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