{"type": "root", "children": [{"type": "p", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "\n Coiled‐coil domain–containing protein 3 (CCDC3), also known as Favine, has emerged as a multifunctional secreted factor with roles in metabolic regulation, inflammation, and cancer. In adipose tissue and vascular endothelial cells, CCDC3 is abundantly expressed and secreted, and its expression is modulated by nutritional and hormonal cues. In these contexts, CCDC3 appears to promote adipocyte differentiation and lipogenesis, as evidenced by enhanced expression during adipocyte maturation and its association with increased fat deposition and visceral adiposity, findings supported by studies in both rodent and bovine models (1,3,5,6). In endothelial cells, overexpression of CCDC3 attenuates tumor necrosis factor–α–induced inflammatory responses by inhibiting NF‑κB nuclear translocation and downstream adhesion molecule expression, suggesting a protective, anti‐inflammatory role (2). In cancer biology, loss of CCDC3 function in cervical cancer cells reduces proliferation, migration, invasion, and epithelial–mesenchymal transition, pointing to its potential involvement in tumor progression, while genetic variants in CCDC3 have been linked to an increased risk of oral cancer (4,7). Moreover, transcriptomic analyses indicate that CCDC3 is overexpressed in specific immune cell subsets—such as Th1/17 cells—and is embedded within pro‐inflammatory gene networks associated with stress and adverse conditions, which underscores its putative role in immunomodulation (8,9). Collectively, these findings suggest that CCDC3 acts as a secreted modulator at the crossroads of lipid metabolism, inflammatory signaling, and oncogenic cell behavior, warranting further study as a potential biomarker and therapeutic target in metabolic, inflammatory, and neoplastic diseases.\n "}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "\n "}, {"type": "p", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "\n "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "References:"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "<br>\n (1)"}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_f", "ref": "1"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "– Identification of CCDC3 (Favine) as a secreted factor from adipose tissue and aorta regulated by hormonal and nutritional signals.<br>\n (2)"}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_f", "ref": "2"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "– Demonstration of CCDC3’s anti‐inflammatory effects in endothelial cells via suppression of NF‑κB activation.<br>\n (3)"}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_f", "ref": "3"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "– Evidence that Favine/CCDC3 promotes adipocyte differentiation and lipid metabolism in vitro and in knock‐out mice.<br>\n (4)"}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_f", "ref": "4"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "– Functional studies indicating that CCDC3 knockdown diminishes proliferative, migratory, invasive potential and EMT in cervical cancer cells.<br>\n (5)"}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_f", "ref": "5"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "– Characterization of bovine CCDC3 with implications for fat and energy metabolism.<br>\n (6)"}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_f", "ref": "6"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "– Association of elevated CCDC3 mRNA expression in visceral adipose tissue with abdominal obesity and its potential as a biomarker.<br>\n (7)"}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_f", "ref": "7"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "– Genetic association study linking CCDC3 variants to increased risk of oral cancer.<br>\n (8)"}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_f", "ref": "8"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "– Transcriptomic profiling showing overexpression of CCDC3 in Th1/17 cells, implicating it in immune cell differentiation.<br>\n (9)"}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_f", "ref": "9"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "– Network analysis identifying CCDC3 as a hub gene in pro‐inflammatory modules associated with childhood adversity.\n "}]}, {"type": "rg", "children": [{"type": "r", "ref": 1, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Sachiko Kobayashi, Atsunori Fukuhara, Takashi Taguchi, et al. 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