{"type": "root", "children": [{"type": "p", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "\n A novel gene, C4orf22 (also known as 1700007G11Rik or CFAP299), was recently characterized in mouse testis, where its encoded 233–amino acid protein appears to play an important role in early spermatogenesis. Expression analysis revealed that CFAP299 mRNA is predominantly found in the testis and increases during postnatal development, with immunohistochemical studies showing localization mainly in the cytoplasm of spermatogonia and primary spermatocytes. Functional studies in GC‐1 cells demonstrated that overexpression of CFAP299 reduces apoptosis and promotes progression of the cell cycle—evidenced by an increase in the proportion of cells in S and G2 phases—while siRNA‐mediated knockdown leads to enhanced apoptosis and cell cycle arrest at the G2/M transition. This modulation of cell fate is accompanied by upregulation of the anti‐apoptotic protein Bcl‑2 and downregulation of key apoptotic markers, including caspase‑3, caspase‑8, and Bax, indicating that CFAP299 may exert its function through a Bcl‑2–mediated regulatory pathway. Collectively, these findings suggest that CFAP299 is a critical regulator of germ cell survival and cell cycle progression during spermatogenesis."}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_f", "ref": "1"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "\n "}]}, {"type": "rg", "children": [{"type": "r", "ref": 1, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Hui Li, Yanfa Dai, Zhongqin Luo, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Cloning of a new testis-enriched gene C4orf22 and its role in cell cycle and apoptosis in mouse spermatogenic cells."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Mol Biol Rep (2019)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1007/s11033-019-04651-8"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s11033-019-04651-8"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "30820741"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30820741"}]}]}]}