{"type": "root", "children": [{"type": "p", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "\n CYTB, the mitochondrially encoded cytochrome b, is a core subunit of respiratory chain complex III that plays an essential role in electron transport and in maintaining the structural integrity and assembly of the complex. Disruption of CYTB—for example, by pathogenic mutations—impedes proper complex III assembly and may secondarily destabilize complex I due to their interdependent structural organization, thereby compromising oxidative phosphorylation efficiency."}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_f", "ref": "1"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " In addition, signaling mechanisms such as mitochondrial NF-κB activation can lead to decreased expression of CYTB mRNA, which further contributes to defective mitochondrial gene expression and energy metabolism."}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_f", "ref": "3"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " Together, these findings highlight the pivotal function of CYTB in sustaining mitochondrial respiratory activity and underscore its importance in cellular energy homeostasis, with its dysregulation being linked to diverse pathological states.\n "}]}, {"type": "rg", "children": [{"type": "r", "ref": 1, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Rebeca Acín-Pérez, María Pilar Bayona-Bafaluy, Patricio Fernández-Silva, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Respiratory complex III is required to maintain complex I in mammalian mitochondria."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Mol Cell (2004)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1016/s1097-2765(04)00124-8"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/s1097-2765(04"}, {"type": "t", "text": "00124-8) PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "15053874"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/15053874"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 2, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Daniele Ghezzi, Paola Arzuffi, Mauro Zordan, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Mutations in TTC19 cause mitochondrial complex III deficiency and neurological impairment in humans and flies."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Nat Genet (2011)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1038/ng.761"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1038/ng.761"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "21278747"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21278747"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 3, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Patricia C Cogswell, David F Kashatus, Jayne A Keifer, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "NF-kappa B and I kappa B alpha are found in the mitochondria. Evidence for regulation of mitochondrial gene expression by NF-kappa B."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "J Biol Chem (2003)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1074/jbc.M209995200"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1074/jbc.M209995200"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "12433922"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/12433922"}]}]}]}