{"type": "root", "children": [{"type": "p", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "\n Differentiation antagonizing non‐protein coding RNA (DANCR) is an oncogenic long non‐coding RNA whose aberrant overexpression has been reported in various human malignancies, including pancreatic cancer, osteosarcoma, colorectal cancer, prostate cancer, lung cancer, breast cancer, hepatocellular carcinoma, glioma, and retinoblastoma."}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_fs", "start_ref": "1", "end_ref": "10"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "\n "}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "\n "}, {"type": "p", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "\n Functionally, DANCR promotes tumorigenesis by acting as a competing endogenous RNA that sponges multiple tumor‐suppressive microRNAs—including, but not limited to, miR‐33a-5p, miR-577, miR-496, miR-34c/miR-613, miR-27a-3p, miR-320a, and miR-33b—to derepress target genes such as AXL, matrix metalloproteinase 16 (MMP16), heat shock protein 27 (HSP27), mTOR, ROCK1, and CTNNB1."}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_fs", "start_ref": "11", "end_ref": "15"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " Through these interactions, DANCR enhances cancer cell proliferation, migration, invasion, epithelial–mesenchymal transition, and chemoresistance while also promoting cancer stemness via activation of signaling pathways such as PI3K/AKT, NF-κB, and Wnt/β-catenin."}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_fs", "start_ref": "16", "end_ref": "18"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "\n "}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "\n "}, {"type": "p", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "\n Moreover, the oncogenic role of DANCR extends beyond traditional cancers. In retinoblastoma, DANCR functions as a ceRNA to modulate MMP-9 expression through binding to miR-34c and miR-613, thereby facilitating tumor progression."}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_f", "ref": "19"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " In skeletal pathologies, DANCR is implicated in the regulation of bone metabolism; its upregulation in circulating mononuclear cells from postmenopausal osteoporosis patients promotes the production of bone-resorbing cytokines such as interleukin-6 and tumor necrosis factor-α."}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_f", "ref": "20"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "\n "}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "\n "}, {"type": "p", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "\n Collectively, these studies illustrate that DANCR plays a pleiotropic role in disrupting normal cellular regulatory networks—by sequestering specific microRNAs and modulating downstream oncogenic or anti-differentiation pathways—which not only accelerates tumor progression and metastasis but also influences osteogenic differentiation and chondrocyte survival in degenerative joint diseases. The broad impact of DANCR across various pathological contexts designates it as a promising prognostic biomarker and potential therapeutic target in both oncology and skeletal disorders.\n "}]}, {"type": "rg", "children": [{"type": "r", "ref": 1, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Xiaoge Hu, Wan-Xin Peng, Huaixiang Zhou, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "IGF2BP2 regulates DANCR by serving as an N6-methyladenosine reader."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Cell Death Differ (2020)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1038/s41418-019-0461-z"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1038/s41418-019-0461-z"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "31804607"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31804607"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 2, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Nian Jiang, Xuedi Wang, Xianbiao Xie, et al. 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