{"type": "root", "children": [{"type": "p", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "\n DEFB130A is a beta‐defensin that plays a dual role in host defense. On one hand, gene expression profiling of macrophages that phagocytize Plasmodium falciparum–infected erythrocytes revealed a marked upregulation of DEFB130A, with the peptide accumulating at the site of parasite engulfment. Functional knockdown experiments demonstrated that reduced DEFB130A levels correlate with diminished antiplasmodial activity, suggesting that DEFB130A acts as an effector molecule in the innate immune response against malarial parasites."}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_f", "ref": "1"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": ""}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "\n "}, {"type": "p", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "\n On the other hand, engineering a recombinant triple‐copy DEFB130A has confirmed its broad-spectrum antimicrobial properties. This modified protein not only exhibited strong inhibitory effects against Gram-positive bacteria such as Staphylococcus aureus and Listeria monocytogenes but also maintained its activity against Gram-negative strains. In addition, the recombinant DEFB130A showed impressive stability under various environmental conditions (i.e., different temperatures, pH levels, and protease treatments) and displayed minimal cytotoxic and hemolytic activities, highlighting its potential as an alternative antibiotic."}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_f", "ref": "2"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "\n "}]}, {"type": "rg", "children": [{"type": "r", "ref": 1, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Mohamad Alaa Terkawi, Ryo Takano, Atsushi Furukawa, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Involvement of β-defensin 130 (DEFB130) in the macrophage microbicidal mechanisms for killing Plasmodium falciparum."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Sci Rep (2017)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1038/srep41772"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1038/srep41772"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "28181499"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28181499"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 2, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Yanjun Lin, Bin Dong "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "[Tandem expression, purification and biological activity of recombinant multimeric β-defensin130 in Escherichia coli]."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Sheng Wu Gong Cheng Xue Bao (2019)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.13345/j.cjb.180492"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.13345/j.cjb.180492"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "31232005"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31232005"}]}]}]}