{"type": "root", "children": [{"type": "p", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "\n DSCR9 is a primate‐specific gene located within the Down syndrome critical region (DSCR) on chromosome 21. Initial cloning and computational analyses identified DSCR9 as being preferentially expressed in testis, and subsequent studies in non‐human primates confirmed its expression in additional tissues such as placenta and kidney."}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_f", "ref": "1"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " Although its precise molecular function remains unclear, integrative co‐expression network analyses have implicated DSCR9 in the regulation of neuronal signaling and calcium pathways, suggesting a potential role in modulating neuroactive ligand–receptor interactions and other processes relevant to the neurological manifestations observed in Down syndrome and other neurodevelopmental disorders."}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_f", "ref": "3"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " In addition, genetic association studies have identified DSCR9 as a promising candidate gene for complex human traits; for instance, variants in DSCR9 have been linked to quantitative differences in iris pigmentation."}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_f", "ref": "4"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " Moreover, altered expression of DSCR9 has been observed as part of panels of long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) that serve as potential biomarkers in diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis"}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_f", "ref": "5"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "and in prognostic risk score systems for cancers including pancreatic"}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_f", "ref": "6"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "and breast cancer."}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_f", "ref": "7"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " Collectively, these findings suggest that DSCR9 may play diverse regulatory roles—ranging from participation in neurodevelopmental pathways to serving as a potential biomarker in complex traits and disease prognostics—in primate biology.\n "}]}, {"type": "rg", "children": [{"type": "r", "ref": 1, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Kunihiko Takamatsu, Kohei Maekawa, Takushi Togashi, et al. 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