{"type": "root", "children": [{"type": "p", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "\n DYNLT2B is a dynein light chain subunit that contributes to the assembly and function of the dynein motor complexes, particularly within the context of retrograde intraflagellar transport (IFT) in cilia. As part of the evolutionarily conserved dynein‐2 complex, DYNLT2B partners with other light chains and regulatory subunits to ensure proper trafficking of proteins from the tip to the base of the cilium. Its activity is critical for ciliary signaling and structural integrity, and loss‐of‐function or mutation of this component has been linked to skeletal ciliopathies such as Jeune asphyxiating thoracic dystrophy and short‐rib polydactyly syndromes, where defective retrograde transport disrupts ciliary assembly and downstream developmental signalling."}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_fs", "start_ref": "1", "end_ref": "3"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": ""}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "\n \n "}, {"type": "p", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "\n In addition to its role in cilia, DYNLT2B is functionally intertwined with other dynein light chain subunits that mediate not only intracellular cargo transport but also more specialized processes in distinct cell types. For instance, its interaction with intermediate chain partners has been implicated in the trafficking of molecular cargos in tissues such as skeletal and reproductive cells, where precise regulation of cargo delivery is essential for normal development and function."}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_f", "ref": "4"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": ""}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "\n \n "}, {"type": "p", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "\n Moreover, evidence from studies in adipocyte models supports an additional regulatory role for Tctex family proteins—in this case negatively influencing insulin‐stimulated GLUT4 translocation—thereby linking DYNLT2B function to vesicular trafficking events in non‐ciliary contexts as well."}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_f", "ref": "6"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " Finally, detailed compositional analyses of the dynein‐2 complex confirm that incorporation of dynein light chain subunits such as DYNLT2B is essential for stabilizing the motor entity and for mediating efficient retrograde ciliary transport, an insight further consolidated by proteomic studies in model organisms."}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_f", "ref": "7"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": ""}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "\n \n "}, {"type": "p", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "\n In summary, DYNLT2B functions as an auxiliary, yet essential, dynein light chain that ensures proper motor assembly, ciliary cargo trafficking, and overall ciliary integrity. Defects in its expression or interactions can lead to impaired ciliary signaling and a spectrum of ciliopathy-related phenotypes.\n "}]}, {"type": "rg", "children": [{"type": "r", "ref": 1, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Miriam Schmidts, Yuqing Hou, Claudio R Cortés, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "TCTEX1D2 mutations underlie Jeune asphyxiating thoracic dystrophy with impaired retrograde intraflagellar transport."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Nat Commun (2015)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1038/ncomms8074"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1038/ncomms8074"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "26044572"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26044572"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 2, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Yuki Hamada, Yuta Tsurumi, Shohei Nozaki, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Interaction of WDR60 intermediate chain with TCTEX1D2 light chain of the dynein-2 complex is crucial for ciliary protein trafficking."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Mol Biol Cell (2018)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1091/mbc.E18-03-0173"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1091/mbc.E18-03-0173"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "29742051"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29742051"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 3, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Yuta Tsurumi, Yuki Hamada, Yohei Katoh, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Interactions of the dynein-2 intermediate chain WDR34 with the light chains are required for ciliary retrograde protein trafficking."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Mol Biol Cell (2019)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1091/mbc.E18-10-0678"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1091/mbc.E18-10-0678"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "30649997"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30649997"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 4, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Ankur A Gholkar, Silvia Senese, Yu-Chen Lo, et al. 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