DYRK3 Gene

Name	dual-specificity tyrosine-(Y)-phosphorylation regulated kinase 3
Description	This gene product belongs to the DYRK family of dual-specificity protein kinases that catalyze autophosphorylation on serine/threonine and tyrosine residues. The members of this family share structural similarity, however, differ in their substrate specificity, suggesting their involvement in different cellular functions. The encoded protein has been shown to autophosphorylate on tyrosine residue and catalyze phosphorylation of histones H3 and H2B in vitro. Alternatively spliced transcript variants encoding different isoforms have been identified. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]
Summary	{"type": "root", "children": [{"type": "p", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "\n Dual‐specificity tyrosine‐phosphorylation–regulated kinase 3 (DYRK3) has emerged as an important regulator of diverse cellular processes. Under stress conditions, DYRK3 modulates the dynamics of cytosolic RNA granules by cycling between stress granules and the cytosol. When active, DYRK3 promotes the dissolution of these membraneless compartments, thereby releasing and stimulating mTORC1 signaling, whereas its inactivity contributes to granule stability and mTORC1 sequestration."}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_f", "ref": "1"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " In addition, during mitosis DYRK3 acts as a central “dissolvase” that prevents aberrant liquid–liquid phase separation by disassembling membraneless organelles, which is critical for proper cytoplasmic organization."}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_f", "ref": "2"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DYRK3 also promotes cell survival by directly phosphorylating SIRT1, thereby enhancing SIRT1’s deacetylase activity on p53 – a modification that underpins anti‐apoptotic signaling in response to stress."}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_f", "ref": "3"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " In the context of host–pathogen interactions, DYRK3 is implicated in the lipid raft–dependent endocytosis process during Cryptococcus neoformans invasion, where its expression is required for proper cytoskeletal reorganization and pathogen internalization."}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_f", "ref": "4"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": ""}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "\n \n "}, {"type": "p", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "\n Moreover, in hematopoietic cells DYRK3 is expressed predominantly in erythroid progenitors, where it supports late stages of erythropoiesis by stimulating CREB-driven transcription and enhancing progenitor cell survival."}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_f", "ref": "5"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " At the molecular level, structural studies have revealed that autophosphorylation events – notably at serine 350 – are crucial for stabilizing DYRK3 and enhancing its kinase activity, a prerequisite for its varied cellular roles."}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_f", "ref": "6"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "\n "}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "\n \n "}, {"type": "p", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "\n In cancer settings, increased expression of DYRK3 has been observed in malignancies such as neuroblastoma and glioblastoma. In these contexts, DYRK3 modulates metabolic pathways by phosphorylating targets like PRAS40 to regulate mTORC1 activity and influencing mitochondrial dynamics, which in turn affects cell migration, invasion, and radioresistance – thereby suggesting an oncogenic role and identifying DYRK3 as a potential therapeutic target."}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_f", "ref": "7"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "\n "}]}, {"type": "rg", "children": [{"type": "r", "ref": 1, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Frank Wippich, Bernd Bodenmiller, Maria Gustafsson Trajkovska, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Dual specificity kinase DYRK3 couples stress granule condensation/dissolution to mTORC1 signaling."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Cell (2013)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1016/j.cell.2013.01.033"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cell.2013.01.033"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "23415227"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23415227"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 2, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Arpan Kumar Rai, Jia-Xuan Chen, Matthias Selbach, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Kinase-controlled phase transition of membraneless organelles in mitosis."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Nature (2018)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1038/s41586-018-0279-8"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-018-0279-8"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "29973724"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29973724"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 3, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Xiumei Guo, Jason G Williams, Thaddeus T Schug, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "DYRK1A and DYRK3 promote cell survival through phosphorylation and activation of SIRT1."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "J Biol Chem (2010)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1074/jbc.M110.102574"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1074/jbc.M110.102574"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "20167603"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/20167603"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 4, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Dung-Fang Lee, Jie Su, Yen-Sin Ang, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Regulation of embryonic and induced pluripotency by aurora kinase-p53 signaling."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Cell Stem Cell (2012)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1016/j.stem.2012.05.020"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.stem.2012.05.020"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "22862944"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22862944"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 5, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Ke Li, Shuqing Zhao, Vinit Karur, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "DYRK3 activation, engagement of protein kinase A/cAMP response element-binding protein, and modulation of progenitor cell survival."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "J Biol Chem (2002)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1074/jbc.M205374200"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1074/jbc.M205374200"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "12356771"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/12356771"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 6, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Kuglae Kim, Jeong Seok Cha, Yong-Soon Cho, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Crystal Structure of Human Dual-Specificity Tyrosine-Regulated Kinase 3 Reveals New Structural Features and Insights into its Auto-phosphorylation."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "J Mol Biol (2018)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1016/j.jmb.2018.04.001"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmb.2018.04.001"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "29634919"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29634919"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 7, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Ekaterina Ivanova, Shrey Dharamvir Sharma, Anna Brichkina, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "DYRK3 contributes to differentiation and hypoxic control in neuroblastoma."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Biochem Biophys Res Commun (2021)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1016/j.bbrc.2021.06.053"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bbrc.2021.06.053"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "34171798"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34171798"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 8, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Kyeongmin Kim, Sungmin Lee, Hyunkoo Kang, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Dual Specificity Kinase DYRK3 Promotes Aggressiveness of Glioblastoma by Altering Mitochondrial Morphology and Function."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Int J Mol Sci (2021)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.3390/ijms22062982"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms22062982"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "33804169"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33804169"}]}]}]}
Synonyms	DYRK5, REDK, HYAK3-2
Proteins	DYRK3_HUMAN
NCBI Gene ID	8444
API
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Predicted Functions
Co-expressed Genes
Expression in Tissues and Cell Lines

Functional Associations

DYRK3 has 8,020 functional associations with biological entities spanning 8 categories (molecular profile, organism, chemical, functional term, phrase or reference, disease, phenotype or trait, structural feature, cell line, cell type or tissue, gene, protein or microRNA) extracted from 114 datasets.

Click the + buttons to view associations for DYRK3 from the datasets below.

If available, associations are ranked by standardized value

Harmonizome 3.0

DYRK3 Gene

Functional Associations

Please acknowledge the Harmonizome in your publications by citing the following reference(s):

	Dataset	Summary
	Allen Brain Atlas Adult Human Brain Tissue Gene Expression Profiles	tissues with high or low expression of DYRK3 gene relative to other tissues from the Allen Brain Atlas Adult Human Brain Tissue Gene Expression Profiles dataset.
	Allen Brain Atlas Aging Dementia and Traumatic Brain Injury Tissue Sample Gene Expression Profiles	tissue samples with high or low expression of DYRK3 gene relative to other tissue samples from the Allen Brain Atlas Aging Dementia and Traumatic Brain Injury Tissue Sample Gene Expression Profiles dataset.
	Allen Brain Atlas Developing Human Brain Tissue Gene Expression Profiles by Microarray	tissue samples with high or low expression of DYRK3 gene relative to other tissue samples from the Allen Brain Atlas Developing Human Brain Tissue Gene Expression Profiles by Microarray dataset.
	Allen Brain Atlas Developing Human Brain Tissue Gene Expression Profiles by RNA-seq	tissue samples with high or low expression of DYRK3 gene relative to other tissue samples from the Allen Brain Atlas Developing Human Brain Tissue Gene Expression Profiles by RNA-seq dataset.
	Allen Brain Atlas Prenatal Human Brain Tissue Gene Expression Profiles	tissues with high or low expression of DYRK3 gene relative to other tissues from the Allen Brain Atlas Prenatal Human Brain Tissue Gene Expression Profiles dataset.
	BioGPS Cell Line Gene Expression Profiles	cell lines with high or low expression of DYRK3 gene relative to other cell lines from the BioGPS Cell Line Gene Expression Profiles dataset.
	BioGPS Human Cell Type and Tissue Gene Expression Profiles	cell types and tissues with high or low expression of DYRK3 gene relative to other cell types and tissues from the BioGPS Human Cell Type and Tissue Gene Expression Profiles dataset.
	BioGPS Mouse Cell Type and Tissue Gene Expression Profiles	cell types and tissues with high or low expression of DYRK3 gene relative to other cell types and tissues from the BioGPS Mouse Cell Type and Tissue Gene Expression Profiles dataset.
	Carcinogenome Chemical Perturbation Carcinogenicity Signatures	small molecule perturbations changing expression of DYRK3 gene from the Carcinogenome Chemical Perturbation Carcinogenicity Signatures dataset.
	CCLE Cell Line Gene CNV Profiles	cell lines with high or low copy number of DYRK3 gene relative to other cell lines from the CCLE Cell Line Gene CNV Profiles dataset.
	CCLE Cell Line Gene Expression Profiles	cell lines with high or low expression of DYRK3 gene relative to other cell lines from the CCLE Cell Line Gene Expression Profiles dataset.
	CCLE Cell Line Gene Mutation Profiles	cell lines with DYRK3 gene mutations from the CCLE Cell Line Gene Mutation Profiles dataset.
	CellMarker Gene-Cell Type Associations	cell types associated with DYRK3 gene from the CellMarker Gene-Cell Type Associations dataset.
	ChEA Transcription Factor Binding Site Profiles	transcription factor binding site profiles with transcription factor binding evidence at the promoter of DYRK3 gene from the CHEA Transcription Factor Binding Site Profiles dataset.
	ChEA Transcription Factor Targets	transcription factors binding the promoter of DYRK3 gene in low- or high-throughput transcription factor functional studies from the CHEA Transcription Factor Targets dataset.
	ChEA Transcription Factor Targets 2022	transcription factors binding the promoter of DYRK3 gene in low- or high-throughput transcription factor functional studies from the CHEA Transcription Factor Targets 2022 dataset.
	CMAP Signatures of Differentially Expressed Genes for Small Molecules	small molecule perturbations changing expression of DYRK3 gene from the CMAP Signatures of Differentially Expressed Genes for Small Molecules dataset.
	COMPARTMENTS Curated Protein Localization Evidence Scores	cellular components containing DYRK3 protein from the COMPARTMENTS Curated Protein Localization Evidence Scores dataset.
	COMPARTMENTS Curated Protein Localization Evidence Scores 2025	cellular components containing DYRK3 protein from the COMPARTMENTS Curated Protein Localization Evidence Scores 2025 dataset.
	COMPARTMENTS Text-mining Protein Localization Evidence Scores	cellular components co-occuring with DYRK3 protein in abstracts of biomedical publications from the COMPARTMENTS Text-mining Protein Localization Evidence Scores dataset.
	COMPARTMENTS Text-mining Protein Localization Evidence Scores 2025	cellular components co-occuring with DYRK3 protein in abstracts of biomedical publications from the COMPARTMENTS Text-mining Protein Localization Evidence Scores 2025 dataset.
	COSMIC Cell Line Gene CNV Profiles	cell lines with high or low copy number of DYRK3 gene relative to other cell lines from the COSMIC Cell Line Gene CNV Profiles dataset.
	COSMIC Cell Line Gene Mutation Profiles	cell lines with DYRK3 gene mutations from the COSMIC Cell Line Gene Mutation Profiles dataset.
	CTD Gene-Chemical Interactions	chemicals interacting with DYRK3 gene/protein from the curated CTD Gene-Chemical Interactions dataset.
	CTD Gene-Disease Associations	diseases associated with DYRK3 gene/protein from the curated CTD Gene-Disease Associations dataset.
	DepMap CRISPR Gene Dependency	cell lines with fitness changed by DYRK3 gene knockdown relative to other cell lines from the DepMap CRISPR Gene Dependency dataset.
	DISEASES Experimental Gene-Disease Association Evidence Scores 2025	diseases associated with DYRK3 gene in GWAS datasets from the DISEASES Experimental Gene-Disease Assocation Evidence Scores 2025 dataset.
	DISEASES Text-mining Gene-Disease Association Evidence Scores	diseases co-occuring with DYRK3 gene in abstracts of biomedical publications from the DISEASES Text-mining Gene-Disease Assocation Evidence Scores dataset.
	DISEASES Text-mining Gene-Disease Association Evidence Scores 2025	diseases co-occuring with DYRK3 gene in abstracts of biomedical publications from the DISEASES Text-mining Gene-Disease Assocation Evidence Scores 2025 dataset.
	DisGeNET Gene-Disease Associations	diseases associated with DYRK3 gene in GWAS and other genetic association datasets from the DisGeNET Gene-Disease Associations dataset.
	DisGeNET Gene-Phenotype Associations	phenotypes associated with DYRK3 gene in GWAS and other genetic association datasets from the DisGeNET Gene-Phenoptype Associations dataset.
	ENCODE Histone Modification Site Profiles	histone modification site profiles with high histone modification abundance at DYRK3 gene from the ENCODE Histone Modification Site Profiles dataset.
	ENCODE Transcription Factor Binding Site Profiles	transcription factor binding site profiles with transcription factor binding evidence at the promoter of DYRK3 gene from the ENCODE Transcription Factor Binding Site Profiles dataset.
	ENCODE Transcription Factor Targets	transcription factors binding the promoter of DYRK3 gene in ChIP-seq datasets from the ENCODE Transcription Factor Targets dataset.
	ESCAPE Omics Signatures of Genes and Proteins for Stem Cells	PubMedIDs of publications reporting gene signatures containing DYRK3 from the ESCAPE Omics Signatures of Genes and Proteins for Stem Cells dataset.
	GDSC Cell Line Gene Expression Profiles	cell lines with high or low expression of DYRK3 gene relative to other cell lines from the GDSC Cell Line Gene Expression Profiles dataset.
	GeneRIF Biological Term Annotations	biological terms co-occuring with DYRK3 gene in literature-supported statements describing functions of genes from the GeneRIF Biological Term Annotations dataset.
	GeneSigDB Published Gene Signatures	PubMedIDs of publications reporting gene signatures containing DYRK3 from the GeneSigDB Published Gene Signatures dataset.
	GEO Signatures of Differentially Expressed Genes for Diseases	disease perturbations changing expression of DYRK3 gene from the GEO Signatures of Differentially Expressed Genes for Diseases dataset.
	GEO Signatures of Differentially Expressed Genes for Gene Perturbations	gene perturbations changing expression of DYRK3 gene from the GEO Signatures of Differentially Expressed Genes for Gene Perturbations dataset.