{"type": "root", "children": [{"type": "p", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "\n EGFR‐AS1 is a long noncoding RNA that has emerged as a critical regulator of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) signaling in a variety of human diseases, particularly in cancer. In renal cell carcinoma, gastric cancer, colorectal cancer, bladder cancer, glioma, cervical cancer, and hepatocellular carcinoma, EGFR‐AS1 is frequently upregulated and functions in an oncogenic manner by binding directly to EGFR mRNA, thereby inhibiting its degradation and maintaining sustained EGFR signaling – often through interaction with stabilizing proteins such as HuR."}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_fs", "start_ref": "1", "end_ref": "4"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " In addition, EGFR‐AS1 can function as a competing endogenous RNA (ceRNA) by “sponging” microRNAs (such as miR‐133b, miR‐223, and miR‐2355‐5p), ultimately resulting in the upregulation of EGFR and its downstream effectors (including RACK1, PI3K/AKT, STAT3, and WNT pathway components) that promote cell proliferation, invasion, survival, and chemoresistance."}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_fs", "start_ref": "5", "end_ref": "8"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " In some settings, such as in preeclamptic placentas, reduced expression of EGFR‐AS1 is associated with decreased EGFR–JAK/STAT signaling and impaired cell proliferation"}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_f", "ref": "9"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": ", whereas in head and neck as well as non–small cell lung cancers, modulation of EGFR‐AS1 levels can affect alternative splicing and the relative expression of EGFR isoforms, thereby influencing drug response and therapeutic resistance."}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_fs", "start_ref": "10", "end_ref": "12"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " Moreover, in leiomyosarcoma and other tumor types, EGFR‐AS1 contributes to immune escape by upregulating PD‐L1 via an EGFR/MYC signaling axis, further emphasizing its multifaceted role in tumor progression."}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_f", "ref": "13"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " Finally, studies in glioblastoma models have reinforced the role of EGFR‐AS1 in promoting EGFR mRNA stability and oncogenic signaling."}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_f", "ref": "15"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " Collectively, these findings position EGFR‐AS1 as a pivotal molecule that not only drives tumorigenesis and metastasis through stabilization and modulation of EGFR signaling and its downstream pathways but also represents a promising prognostic biomarker and potential therapeutic target.\n "}]}, {"type": "rg", "children": [{"type": "r", "ref": 1, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Anbang Wang, Yi Bao, Zhenjie Wu, et al. 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