ERVV-1 Gene

Name endogenous retrovirus group V, member 1
Description Many different human endogenous retrovirus (HERV) families are expressed in normal placental tissue at high levels, suggesting that HERVs are functionally important in reproduction. This gene is part of an HERV provirus on human chromosome 19 that has inactivating mutations in the gag and pol genes. The gene's envelope protein is expressed in the human placenta but is truncated at its C-terminus. [provided by RefSeq, Oct 2015]
Summary
{"type": "root", "children": [{"type": "p", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "\n Endogenous retroviral envelope genes of the ERV‐V family have been co‐opted during evolution for roles in placentation. One such gene, ERVV‐1, is expressed in human trophoblasts as a member of the syncytin family. In certain primate lineages—for example, in Old World monkeys—the related envV gene exhibits potent fusogenic activity that promotes cell–cell fusion and facilitates the formation of the syncytiotrophoblast, a critical structure at the materno–fetal interface."}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_f", "ref": "1"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " In contrast, in other primates, including humans, ERVV‐1 has lost this canonical fusogenic function through a gradual, multi‐step evolutionary process. Although ERVV‐1 is still transcriptionally active in placental tissues—as shown by its inclusion among the several ERV‐derived syncytin family members—it appears that its direct role in mediating trophoblast fusion is minimal or absent, which raises the possibility that it may have been repurposed for other, as‐yet‐undefined regulatory functions in placental development."}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_f", "ref": "2"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " Collectively, these studies indicate that ERVV‐1 exemplifies how evolutionary pressures have shaped ERV‐derived genes: while some members (such as ERVW1 and ERVFRD1) retain robust fusogenic activity essential for syncytiotrophoblast formation, others like ERVV‐1 have undergone functional changes that may alter or refine their influence on placental biology. Further research is warranted to elucidate whether ERVV‐1 contributes to placentation through nonfusogenic roles or if it acts in concert with other syncytins in a redundant or modulatory capacity.\n "}]}, {"type": "rg", "children": [{"type": "r", "ref": 1, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Cécile Esnault, Guillaume Cornelis, Odile Heidmann, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Differential evolutionary fate of an ancestral primate endogenous retrovirus envelope gene, the EnvV syncytin, captured for a function in placentation."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "PLoS Genet (2013)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1371/journal.pgen.1003400"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pgen.1003400"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "23555306"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23555306"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 2, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "R Michael Roberts, Toshihiko Ezashi, Laura C Schulz, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Syncytins expressed in human placental trophoblast."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Placenta (2021)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1016/j.placenta.2021.01.006"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.placenta.2021.01.006"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "33504453"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33504453"}]}]}]}
Synonyms HERV-V1, ENVV1
Proteins ERVV1_HUMAN
NCBI Gene ID 147664
API
Download Associations
Predicted Functions View ERVV-1's ARCHS4 Predicted Functions.
Co-expressed Genes View ERVV-1's ARCHS4 Predicted Functions.
Expression in Tissues and Cell Lines View ERVV-1's ARCHS4 Predicted Functions.

Functional Associations

ERVV-1 has 823 functional associations with biological entities spanning 9 categories (molecular profile, organism, functional term, phrase or reference, disease, phenotype or trait, chemical, structural feature, cell line, cell type or tissue, gene, protein or microRNA, sequence feature) extracted from 35 datasets.

Click the + buttons to view associations for ERVV-1 from the datasets below.

If available, associations are ranked by standardized value

Dataset Summary
Allen Brain Atlas Adult Human Brain Tissue Gene Expression Profiles tissues with high or low expression of ERVV-1 gene relative to other tissues from the Allen Brain Atlas Adult Human Brain Tissue Gene Expression Profiles dataset.
Allen Brain Atlas Aging Dementia and Traumatic Brain Injury Tissue Sample Gene Expression Profiles tissue samples with high or low expression of ERVV-1 gene relative to other tissue samples from the Allen Brain Atlas Aging Dementia and Traumatic Brain Injury Tissue Sample Gene Expression Profiles dataset.
Allen Brain Atlas Developing Human Brain Tissue Gene Expression Profiles by Microarray tissue samples with high or low expression of ERVV-1 gene relative to other tissue samples from the Allen Brain Atlas Developing Human Brain Tissue Gene Expression Profiles by Microarray dataset.
Allen Brain Atlas Prenatal Human Brain Tissue Gene Expression Profiles tissues with high or low expression of ERVV-1 gene relative to other tissues from the Allen Brain Atlas Prenatal Human Brain Tissue Gene Expression Profiles dataset.
CCLE Cell Line Gene CNV Profiles cell lines with high or low copy number of ERVV-1 gene relative to other cell lines from the CCLE Cell Line Gene CNV Profiles dataset.
CCLE Cell Line Gene Expression Profiles cell lines with high or low expression of ERVV-1 gene relative to other cell lines from the CCLE Cell Line Gene Expression Profiles dataset.
CellMarker Gene-Cell Type Associations cell types associated with ERVV-1 gene from the CellMarker Gene-Cell Type Associations dataset.
ChEA Transcription Factor Targets 2022 transcription factors binding the promoter of ERVV-1 gene in low- or high-throughput transcription factor functional studies from the CHEA Transcription Factor Targets 2022 dataset.
COMPARTMENTS Text-mining Protein Localization Evidence Scores 2025 cellular components co-occuring with ERVV-1 protein in abstracts of biomedical publications from the COMPARTMENTS Text-mining Protein Localization Evidence Scores 2025 dataset.
COSMIC Cell Line Gene CNV Profiles cell lines with high or low copy number of ERVV-1 gene relative to other cell lines from the COSMIC Cell Line Gene CNV Profiles dataset.
DISEASES Text-mining Gene-Disease Association Evidence Scores 2025 diseases co-occuring with ERVV-1 gene in abstracts of biomedical publications from the DISEASES Text-mining Gene-Disease Assocation Evidence Scores 2025 dataset.
ENCODE Histone Modification Site Profiles histone modification site profiles with high histone modification abundance at ERVV-1 gene from the ENCODE Histone Modification Site Profiles dataset.
ENCODE Transcription Factor Binding Site Profiles transcription factor binding site profiles with transcription factor binding evidence at the promoter of ERVV-1 gene from the ENCODE Transcription Factor Binding Site Profiles dataset.
ENCODE Transcription Factor Targets transcription factors binding the promoter of ERVV-1 gene in ChIP-seq datasets from the ENCODE Transcription Factor Targets dataset.
GeneRIF Biological Term Annotations biological terms co-occuring with ERVV-1 gene in literature-supported statements describing functions of genes from the GeneRIF Biological Term Annotations dataset.
GEO Signatures of Differentially Expressed Genes for Diseases disease perturbations changing expression of ERVV-1 gene from the GEO Signatures of Differentially Expressed Genes for Diseases dataset.
GEO Signatures of Differentially Expressed Genes for Gene Perturbations gene perturbations changing expression of ERVV-1 gene from the GEO Signatures of Differentially Expressed Genes for Gene Perturbations dataset.
GEO Signatures of Differentially Expressed Genes for Transcription Factor Perturbations transcription factor perturbations changing expression of ERVV-1 gene from the GEO Signatures of Differentially Expressed Genes for Transcription Factor Perturbations dataset.
GEO Signatures of Differentially Expressed Genes for Viral Infections virus perturbations changing expression of ERVV-1 gene from the GEO Signatures of Differentially Expressed Genes for Viral Infections dataset.
GO Cellular Component Annotations 2015 cellular components containing ERVV-1 protein from the curated GO Cellular Component Annotations 2015 dataset.
GTEx eQTL 2025 SNPs regulating expression of ERVV-1 gene from the GTEx eQTL 2025 dataset.
GTEx Tissue Gene Expression Profiles tissues with high or low expression of ERVV-1 gene relative to other tissues from the GTEx Tissue Gene Expression Profiles dataset.
GTEx Tissue Gene Expression Profiles 2023 tissues with high or low expression of ERVV-1 gene relative to other tissues from the GTEx Tissue Gene Expression Profiles 2023 dataset.
HPA Tissue Gene Expression Profiles tissues with high or low expression of ERVV-1 gene relative to other tissues from the HPA Tissue Gene Expression Profiles dataset.
InterPro Predicted Protein Domain Annotations protein domains predicted for ERVV-1 protein from the InterPro Predicted Protein Domain Annotations dataset.
JASPAR Predicted Human Transcription Factor Targets 2025 transcription factors regulating expression of ERVV-1 gene predicted using known transcription factor binding site motifs from the JASPAR Predicted Human Transcription Factor Targets dataset.
JASPAR Predicted Transcription Factor Targets transcription factors regulating expression of ERVV-1 gene predicted using known transcription factor binding site motifs from the JASPAR Predicted Transcription Factor Targets dataset.
Klijn et al., Nat. Biotechnol., 2015 Cell Line Gene CNV Profiles cell lines with high or low copy number of ERVV-1 gene relative to other cell lines from the Klijn et al., Nat. Biotechnol., 2015 Cell Line Gene CNV Profiles dataset.
Klijn et al., Nat. Biotechnol., 2015 Cell Line Gene Mutation Profiles cell lines with ERVV-1 gene mutations from the Klijn et al., Nat. Biotechnol., 2015 Cell Line Gene Mutation Profiles dataset.
Pathway Commons Protein-Protein Interactions interacting proteins for ERVV-1 from the Pathway Commons Protein-Protein Interactions dataset.
Roadmap Epigenomics Histone Modification Site Profiles histone modification site profiles with high histone modification abundance at ERVV-1 gene from the Roadmap Epigenomics Histone Modification Site Profiles dataset.
RummaGEO Drug Perturbation Signatures drug perturbations changing expression of ERVV-1 gene from the RummaGEO Drug Perturbation Signatures dataset.
RummaGEO Gene Perturbation Signatures gene perturbations changing expression of ERVV-1 gene from the RummaGEO Gene Perturbation Signatures dataset.
TargetScan Predicted Nonconserved microRNA Targets microRNAs regulating expression of ERVV-1 gene predicted using nonconserved miRNA seed sequences from the TargetScan Predicted Nonconserved microRNA Targets dataset.
TISSUES Text-mining Tissue Protein Expression Evidence Scores 2025 tissues co-occuring with ERVV-1 protein in abstracts of biomedical publications from the TISSUES Text-mining Tissue Protein Expression Evidence Scores 2025 dataset.