{"type": "root", "children": [{"type": "p", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "\n Fas apoptotic inhibitory molecule 2 (FAIM2) is an evolutionarily conserved regulator of cell death that plays diverse roles in human physiology and disease. In the nervous system, FAIM2 functions as an intrinsic anti‐apoptotic factor by interfering with Fas–mediated signaling, thereby protecting neurons and photoreceptors against apoptosis in models of cerebral ischemia, bacterial meningitis, and Parkinson disease, and contributing to improved survival under stress‐induced conditions (see, for example"}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_fs", "start_ref": "1", "end_ref": "4"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": ", and."}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_f", "ref": "5"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " In addition to its neuroprotective role, multiple genome‐wide association and epigenetic studies have implicated FAIM2 as a susceptibility gene for obesity and related metabolic disturbances; several single nucleotide polymorphisms and promoter methylation changes at the FAIM2 locus are associated with increased body mass index, dyslipidaemia, and hypertension in diverse populations"}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_f", "ref": "6"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "and."}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_f", "ref": "7"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " Outside the nervous system, FAIM2 also modulates cell survival in contexts such as lung cancer, where a long non‐coding RNA acts as a competing endogenous RNA to up‐regulate FAIM2 and thereby promote tumor cell proliferation and metastasis by dampening apoptotic signals."}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_f", "ref": "8"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " Moreover, in vascular endothelial cells subjected to hyperglycemia, microRNA‐mediated repression of FAIM2 aggravates Fas/FADD‐dependent apoptosis, linking its regulation to diabetic vascular complications"}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_f", "ref": "9"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": ", and regulation of FAIM2 by miR‐612 has been implicated in neurofibromatosis type I."}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_f", "ref": "10"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "\n "}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "\n "}, {"type": "p", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "\n Collectively, these studies highlight that FAIM2 serves as a crucial cell survival factor—attenuating Fas‐induced apoptosis in neurons, photoreceptors, and other tissues—while genetic and epigenetic variations in FAIM2 may also predispose to obesity and its associated disorders. Such multifaceted functions underscore the potential of targeting FAIM2 regulatory pathways for therapeutic strategies in neurodegenerative, metabolic, and oncologic diseases.\n "}]}, {"type": "rg", "children": [{"type": "r", "ref": 1, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Arno Reich, Christopher Spering, Karen Gertz, et al. 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