{"type": "root", "children": [{"type": "p", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "\n Focally amplified lncRNA in epithelial cancer (FALEC) has emerged as a multifunctional regulator whose dysregulation is closely linked to cancer progression. In several tumor types – including prostate, cervical, colorectal, endometrial, papillary thyroid carcinoma, melanoma, and gastric cancer – FALEC is frequently up‐regulated relative to normal tissue. Functional assays in these cancers demonstrate that elevated FALEC expression promotes cell proliferation, migration, invasion, and tumorigenesis. In prostate cancer, for example, FALEC not only signals an independent prognostic factor but also enhances malignant behaviors and is inducible under hypoxic conditions via HIF‐1α."}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_f", "ref": "1"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " In cervical and colorectal cancer, overexpression of FALEC correlates with advanced clinical parameters, where mechanistic studies reveal that FALEC modulates oncogenic pathways – acting as an miRNA “sponge” to rescue targets such as PIWIL1 and, in the case of papillary thyroid carcinoma and melanoma, repressing tumor‐suppressive molecules (e.g. p21 via recruitment of EZH2) and altering signaling cascades such as Wnt/β‐catenin."}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_fs", "start_ref": "2", "end_ref": "6"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " Moreover, in endometrial cancer FALEC overexpression is associated with larger tumor sizes and higher clinical stages."}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_f", "ref": "7"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": ""}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "\n \n "}, {"type": "p", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "\n In contrast, studies in tongue squamous cell carcinoma reveal a downregulation of FALEC, with its further knockdown leading to increased proliferation and migration, suggesting that its role may be context‐dependent."}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_f", "ref": "8"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "\n "}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "\n \n "}, {"type": "p", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "\n Beyond its involvement in cancer, FALEC levels in cervical samples have been linked to gestational outcomes. In this setting, higher expression is associated with shorter lengths of gestation and a trend towards increased risk of preterm birth."}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_f", "ref": "9"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " Furthermore, network‐based analyses have characterized FALEC as possessing enhancer‐like functions, implying roles in transcriptional regulation through chromatin interactions."}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_f", "ref": "10"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "\n "}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "\n \n "}, {"type": "p", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "\n Collectively, these findings highlight FALEC as a critical lncRNA with oncogenic properties in most cancer types—promoting cell growth, migration, and invasion through diverse mechanisms such as epigenetic repression, miRNA sponging, and signaling modulation—while also serving as a potential biomarker for both cancer prognosis and other clinical outcomes.\n "}]}, {"type": "rg", "children": [{"type": "r", "ref": 1, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Ruizhe Zhao, Feng Sun, Xiaoyu Bei, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Upregulation of the long non-coding RNA FALEC promotes proliferation and migration of prostate cancer cell lines and predicts prognosis of PCa patients."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Prostate (2017)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1002/pros.23367"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1002/pros.23367"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "28585762"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28585762"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 2, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Gulimire Naizhaer, Ayixibuwei Kuerban, Meilipa, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Up-regulation of lncRNA FALEC indicates prognosis and diagnosis values in cervical cancer."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Pathol Res Pract (2019)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1016/j.prp.2019.152495"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.prp.2019.152495"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "31248657"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31248657"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 3, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Huiyuan Jiang, Haiyi Liu, Bo Jiang "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Long non-coding RNA FALEC promotes colorectal cancer progression via regulating miR-2116-3p-targeted PIWIL1."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Cancer Biol Ther (2020)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1080/15384047.2020.1824514"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1080/15384047.2020.1824514"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "33073675"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33073675"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 4, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "X Xiao, L Li, J-C Cui, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "LncRNA FALEC promotes proliferation, migration, and invasion of PTC cells through regulating Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci (2020)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.26355/eurrev_202004_21017"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.26355/eurrev_202004_21017"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "32373973"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32373973"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 5, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Nana Ni, Hao Song, Xiaopo Wang, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Up-regulation of long noncoding RNA FALEC predicts poor prognosis and promotes melanoma cell proliferation through epigenetically silencing p21."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Biomed Pharmacother (2017)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1016/j.biopha.2017.11.060"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biopha.2017.11.060"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "29196104"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29196104"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 6, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Huazhang Wu, Fengchang Qiao, Yunli Zhao, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Downregulation of Long Non-coding RNA "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "i"}], "href": "i"}, {"type": "t", "text": "FALEC"}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "/i"}], "href": "/i"}, {"type": "t", "text": " Inhibits Gastric Cancer Cell Migration and Invasion Through Impairing "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "i"}], "href": "i"}, {"type": "t", "text": "ECM1"}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "/i"}], "href": "/i"}, {"type": "t", "text": " Expression by Exerting Its Enhancer-Like Function."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Front Genet (2019)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.3389/fgene.2019.00255"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.3389/fgene.2019.00255"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "30984243"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30984243"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 7, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Qing-Hong Zheng, Lei Shi, Hua-Li Li "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "FALEC exerts oncogenic properties to regulate cell proliferation and cell-cycle in endometrial cancer."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Biomed Pharmacother (2019)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1016/j.biopha.2019.109212"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biopha.2019.109212"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "31387003"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31387003"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 8, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Bo Jia, Tao Xie, Xiaoling Qiu, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Long noncoding RNA FALEC inhibits proliferation and metastasis of tongue squamous cell carcinoma by epigenetically silencing ECM1 through EZH2."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Aging (Albany NY) (2019)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.18632/aging.102094"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.18632/aging.102094"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "31335317"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31335317"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 9, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Heather H Burris, Allan C Just, Miriam J Haviland, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Long noncoding RNA expression in the cervix mid-pregnancy is associated with the length of gestation at delivery."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Epigenetics (2018)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1080/15592294.2018.1503490"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1080/15592294.2018.1503490"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "30045669"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30045669"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 10, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Denise Thiel, Nataša Djurdjevac Conrad, Evgenia Ntini, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Identifying lncRNA-mediated regulatory modules via ChIA-PET network analysis."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "BMC Bioinformatics (2019)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1186/s12859-019-2900-8"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1186/s12859-019-2900-8"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "31142264"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31142264"}]}]}]}