{"type": "root", "children": [{"type": "p", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "\n Fas‐antisense 1 (FAS‐AS1), also known as SAF, is a long noncoding RNA that orchestrates cell fate decisions by modulating apoptotic signaling and cell survival in a range of biological contexts. In HIV‐1–infected macrophages, FAS‐AS1 is up‐regulated and functions to suppress the activation of apoptotic effector caspases, thereby protecting infected cells from programmed cell death and contributing to enhanced viral persistence."}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_f", "ref": "1"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " During erythropoiesis, expression of FAS‐AS1 is induced by key erythroid transcription factors such as GATA‐1 and KLF1 and is negatively regulated by NF‑κB; its increased expression reduces surface Fas levels and protects differentiating erythroblasts from Fas–mediated apoptosis."}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_f", "ref": "2"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " In the cancer setting, particularly non–small cell lung cancer, FAS‐AS1 is significantly down‐regulated; restoration of its expression inhibits cellular proliferation, migration, and invasion by acting as a molecular sponge for miR‑19a‑5p."}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_f", "ref": "3"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " Moreover, in patients with chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyradiculoneuropathies, elevated FAS‐AS1 levels point to a potential type‐specific role in immune regulation"}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_f", "ref": "4"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": ", while its down‐regulation in schizophrenia highlights involvement in neuronal processes."}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_f", "ref": "5"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " Together, these studies underscore the multifaceted regulatory functions of FAS‐AS1 in controlling apoptosis and cellular survival, with implications for infectious diseases, hematopoiesis, cancer, neuroinflammation, and psychiatric disorders.\n "}]}, {"type": "rg", "children": [{"type": "r", "ref": 1, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Saikat Boliar, David W Gludish, Kondwani C Jambo, et al. 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