FCGRT Gene

HGNC Family	Immunoglobulin superfamily domain containing
Name	Fc fragment of IgG, receptor, transporter, alpha
Description	This gene encodes a receptor that binds the Fc region of monomeric immunoglobulin G. The encoded protein transfers immunoglobulin G antibodies from mother to fetus across the placenta. This protein also binds immunoglobulin G to protect the antibody from degradation. Alternative splicing results in multiple transcript variants. [provided by RefSeq, Apr 2009]
Summary	{"type": "root", "children": [{"type": "p", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "\n FCGRT, which encodes the heavy chain of the neonatal Fc receptor (FcRn), is a pivotal regulator of humoral immunity. By engaging in a pH‐dependent binding mechanism, FcRn salvages immunoglobulin G (IgG) and albumin from lysosomal degradation, thereby mediating maternal–fetal IgG transfer and extending the serum half‐lives of these proteins—a function that underlies both natural immune homeostasis and the pharmacokinetic optimization of therapeutic antibodies."}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_fs", "start_ref": "1", "end_ref": "3"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "\n "}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "\n "}, {"type": "p", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "\n Beyond its classical role in recycling IgG to maintain long-lasting serum levels, FcRn is widely expressed in endothelial, epithelial, and immune cells, where it facilitates bidirectional transcytosis of IgG and albumin. This activity not only contributes to effective mucosal and systemic immune surveillance but also enables dendritic cells to direct immune complexes toward antigen presentation pathways in a manner that can prime CD8⁺ T-cell responses."}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_f", "ref": "1"}, {"type": "fg_f", "ref": "4"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "\n "}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "\n "}, {"type": "p", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "\n Structural and biochemical studies have established that the binding of FcRn to its ligands is governed by distinct sites and pH‐sensitive interactions—mediated by conserved histidine residues—that allow efficient capture in acidic endosomes and prompt release at neutral pH. These insights have been critical in guiding protein engineering efforts to modulate FcRn affinity for enhanced therapeutic performance."}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_fs", "start_ref": "6", "end_ref": "8"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "\n "}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "\n "}, {"type": "p", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "\n Furthermore, studies comparing species‐specific interactions and trafficking have revealed that proper FcRn function depends on its maturation and association with β₂-microglobulin, while genetic defects in components of the FcRn complex can lead to markedly accelerated catabolism of IgG and albumin with clinical consequences."}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_fs", "start_ref": "9", "end_ref": "11"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "\n "}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "\n "}, {"type": "p", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "\n In summary, the multifaceted functions of FcRn—as determined by FCGRT—span the regulation of IgG and albumin homeostasis, modulation of immune responses through transcytosis and antigen presentation, and the influence on therapeutic protein pharmacokinetics. These properties make FcRn a promising target for novel immunomodulatory and drug-delivery strategies.\n "}]}, {"type": "rg", "children": [{"type": "r", "ref": 1, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Derry C Roopenian, Shreeram Akilesh "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "FcRn: the neonatal Fc receptor comes of age."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Nat Rev Immunol (2007)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1038/nri2155"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1038/nri2155"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "17703228"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/17703228"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 2, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Derry C Roopenian, Gregory J Christianson, Thomas J Sproule, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "The MHC class I-like IgG receptor controls perinatal IgG transport, IgG homeostasis, and fate of IgG-Fc-coupled drugs."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "J Immunol (2003)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.4049/jimmunol.170.7.3528"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.4049/jimmunol.170.7.3528"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "12646614"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/12646614"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 3, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Takuo Suzuki, Akiko Ishii-Watabe, Minoru Tada, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Importance of neonatal FcR in regulating the serum half-life of therapeutic proteins containing the Fc domain of human IgG1: a comparative study of the affinity of monoclonal antibodies and Fc-fusion proteins to human neonatal FcR."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "J Immunol (2010)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.4049/jimmunol.0903296"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.4049/jimmunol.0903296"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "20083659"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/20083659"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 4, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Shuo-Wang Qiao, Kanna Kobayashi, Finn-Eirik Johansen, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Dependence of antibody-mediated presentation of antigen on FcRn."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A (2008)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1073/pnas.0801717105"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.0801717105"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "18599440"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/18599440"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 5, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Masaru Yoshida, Kanna Kobayashi, Timothy T Kuo, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Neonatal Fc receptor for IgG regulates mucosal immune responses to luminal bacteria."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "J Clin Invest (2006)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1172/JCI27821"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1172/JCI27821"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "16841095"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/16841095"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 6, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Vaheh Oganesyan, Melissa M Damschroder, Kimberly E Cook, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Structural insights into neonatal Fc receptor-based recycling mechanisms."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "J Biol Chem (2014)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1074/jbc.M113.537563"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1074/jbc.M113.537563"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "24469444"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24469444"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 7, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Jan Terje Andersen, Bjørn Dalhus, Jason Cameron, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Structure-based mutagenesis reveals the albumin-binding site of the neonatal Fc receptor."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Nat Commun (2012)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1038/ncomms1607"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1038/ncomms1607"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "22215085"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22215085"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 8, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Jan Terje Andersen, Julie Dee Qian, Inger Sandlie "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "The conserved histidine 166 residue of the human neonatal Fc receptor heavy chain is critical for the pH-dependent binding to albumin."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Eur J Immunol (2006)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1002/eji.200636556"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1002/eji.200636556"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "17048273"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/17048273"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 9, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "R J Ober, C G Radu, V Ghetie, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Differences in promiscuity for antibody-FcRn interactions across species: implications for therapeutic antibodies."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Int Immunol (2001)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1093/intimm/13.12.1551"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1093/intimm/13.12.1551"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "11717196"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11717196"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 10, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Manzoor A Wani, Lynn D Haynes, Jonghan Kim, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Familial hypercatabolic hypoproteinemia caused by deficiency of the neonatal Fc receptor, FcRn, due to a mutant beta2-microglobulin gene."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A (2006)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1073/pnas.0600548103"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.0600548103"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "16549777"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/16549777"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 11, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Steven M Claypool, Bonny L Dickinson, Masaru Yoshida, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Functional reconstitution of human FcRn in Madin-Darby canine kidney cells requires co-expressed human beta 2-microglobulin."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "J Biol Chem (2002)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1074/jbc.M202367200"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1074/jbc.M202367200"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "12023961"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/12023961"}]}]}]}
Synonyms	FCRN, ALPHA-CHAIN
Proteins	FCGRN_HUMAN
NCBI Gene ID	2217
API
Download Associations
Predicted Functions
Co-expressed Genes
Expression in Tissues and Cell Lines

Functional Associations

FCGRT has 8,088 functional associations with biological entities spanning 8 categories (molecular profile, organism, chemical, functional term, phrase or reference, disease, phenotype or trait, structural feature, cell line, cell type or tissue, gene, protein or microRNA) extracted from 116 datasets.

Click the + buttons to view associations for FCGRT from the datasets below.

If available, associations are ranked by standardized value

Harmonizome 3.0

FCGRT Gene

Functional Associations

Please acknowledge the Harmonizome in your publications by citing the following reference(s):

	Dataset	Summary
	Allen Brain Atlas Adult Human Brain Tissue Gene Expression Profiles	tissues with high or low expression of FCGRT gene relative to other tissues from the Allen Brain Atlas Adult Human Brain Tissue Gene Expression Profiles dataset.
	Allen Brain Atlas Adult Mouse Brain Tissue Gene Expression Profiles	tissues with high or low expression of FCGRT gene relative to other tissues from the Allen Brain Atlas Adult Mouse Brain Tissue Gene Expression Profiles dataset.
	Allen Brain Atlas Aging Dementia and Traumatic Brain Injury Tissue Sample Gene Expression Profiles	tissue samples with high or low expression of FCGRT gene relative to other tissue samples from the Allen Brain Atlas Aging Dementia and Traumatic Brain Injury Tissue Sample Gene Expression Profiles dataset.
	Allen Brain Atlas Developing Human Brain Tissue Gene Expression Profiles by Microarray	tissue samples with high or low expression of FCGRT gene relative to other tissue samples from the Allen Brain Atlas Developing Human Brain Tissue Gene Expression Profiles by Microarray dataset.
	Allen Brain Atlas Developing Human Brain Tissue Gene Expression Profiles by RNA-seq	tissue samples with high or low expression of FCGRT gene relative to other tissue samples from the Allen Brain Atlas Developing Human Brain Tissue Gene Expression Profiles by RNA-seq dataset.
	Allen Brain Atlas Prenatal Human Brain Tissue Gene Expression Profiles	tissues with high or low expression of FCGRT gene relative to other tissues from the Allen Brain Atlas Prenatal Human Brain Tissue Gene Expression Profiles dataset.
	BioGPS Cell Line Gene Expression Profiles	cell lines with high or low expression of FCGRT gene relative to other cell lines from the BioGPS Cell Line Gene Expression Profiles dataset.
	BioGPS Human Cell Type and Tissue Gene Expression Profiles	cell types and tissues with high or low expression of FCGRT gene relative to other cell types and tissues from the BioGPS Human Cell Type and Tissue Gene Expression Profiles dataset.
	BioGPS Mouse Cell Type and Tissue Gene Expression Profiles	cell types and tissues with high or low expression of FCGRT gene relative to other cell types and tissues from the BioGPS Mouse Cell Type and Tissue Gene Expression Profiles dataset.
	Carcinogenome Chemical Perturbation Carcinogenicity Signatures	small molecule perturbations changing expression of FCGRT gene from the Carcinogenome Chemical Perturbation Carcinogenicity Signatures dataset.
	CCLE Cell Line Gene CNV Profiles	cell lines with high or low copy number of FCGRT gene relative to other cell lines from the CCLE Cell Line Gene CNV Profiles dataset.
	CCLE Cell Line Gene Expression Profiles	cell lines with high or low expression of FCGRT gene relative to other cell lines from the CCLE Cell Line Gene Expression Profiles dataset.
	CCLE Cell Line Proteomics	Cell lines associated with FCGRT protein from the CCLE Cell Line Proteomics dataset.
	CellMarker Gene-Cell Type Associations	cell types associated with FCGRT gene from the CellMarker Gene-Cell Type Associations dataset.
	ChEA Transcription Factor Binding Site Profiles	transcription factor binding site profiles with transcription factor binding evidence at the promoter of FCGRT gene from the CHEA Transcription Factor Binding Site Profiles dataset.
	ChEA Transcription Factor Targets	transcription factors binding the promoter of FCGRT gene in low- or high-throughput transcription factor functional studies from the CHEA Transcription Factor Targets dataset.
	ChEA Transcription Factor Targets 2022	transcription factors binding the promoter of FCGRT gene in low- or high-throughput transcription factor functional studies from the CHEA Transcription Factor Targets 2022 dataset.
	CMAP Signatures of Differentially Expressed Genes for Small Molecules	small molecule perturbations changing expression of FCGRT gene from the CMAP Signatures of Differentially Expressed Genes for Small Molecules dataset.
	COMPARTMENTS Curated Protein Localization Evidence Scores	cellular components containing FCGRT protein from the COMPARTMENTS Curated Protein Localization Evidence Scores dataset.
	COMPARTMENTS Curated Protein Localization Evidence Scores 2025	cellular components containing FCGRT protein from the COMPARTMENTS Curated Protein Localization Evidence Scores 2025 dataset.
	COMPARTMENTS Text-mining Protein Localization Evidence Scores	cellular components co-occuring with FCGRT protein in abstracts of biomedical publications from the COMPARTMENTS Text-mining Protein Localization Evidence Scores dataset.
	COMPARTMENTS Text-mining Protein Localization Evidence Scores 2025	cellular components co-occuring with FCGRT protein in abstracts of biomedical publications from the COMPARTMENTS Text-mining Protein Localization Evidence Scores 2025 dataset.
	COSMIC Cell Line Gene CNV Profiles	cell lines with high or low copy number of FCGRT gene relative to other cell lines from the COSMIC Cell Line Gene CNV Profiles dataset.
	COSMIC Cell Line Gene Mutation Profiles	cell lines with FCGRT gene mutations from the COSMIC Cell Line Gene Mutation Profiles dataset.
	CTD Gene-Chemical Interactions	chemicals interacting with FCGRT gene/protein from the curated CTD Gene-Chemical Interactions dataset.
	CTD Gene-Disease Associations	diseases associated with FCGRT gene/protein from the curated CTD Gene-Disease Associations dataset.
	DepMap CRISPR Gene Dependency	cell lines with fitness changed by FCGRT gene knockdown relative to other cell lines from the DepMap CRISPR Gene Dependency dataset.
	DISEASES Experimental Gene-Disease Association Evidence Scores 2025	diseases associated with FCGRT gene in GWAS datasets from the DISEASES Experimental Gene-Disease Assocation Evidence Scores 2025 dataset.
	DISEASES Text-mining Gene-Disease Association Evidence Scores	diseases co-occuring with FCGRT gene in abstracts of biomedical publications from the DISEASES Text-mining Gene-Disease Assocation Evidence Scores dataset.
	DISEASES Text-mining Gene-Disease Association Evidence Scores 2025	diseases co-occuring with FCGRT gene in abstracts of biomedical publications from the DISEASES Text-mining Gene-Disease Assocation Evidence Scores 2025 dataset.
	DisGeNET Gene-Disease Associations	diseases associated with FCGRT gene in GWAS and other genetic association datasets from the DisGeNET Gene-Disease Associations dataset.
	DisGeNET Gene-Phenotype Associations	phenotypes associated with FCGRT gene in GWAS and other genetic association datasets from the DisGeNET Gene-Phenoptype Associations dataset.
	ENCODE Histone Modification Site Profiles	histone modification site profiles with high histone modification abundance at FCGRT gene from the ENCODE Histone Modification Site Profiles dataset.
	ENCODE Transcription Factor Binding Site Profiles	transcription factor binding site profiles with transcription factor binding evidence at the promoter of FCGRT gene from the ENCODE Transcription Factor Binding Site Profiles dataset.
	ENCODE Transcription Factor Targets	transcription factors binding the promoter of FCGRT gene in ChIP-seq datasets from the ENCODE Transcription Factor Targets dataset.
	ESCAPE Omics Signatures of Genes and Proteins for Stem Cells	PubMedIDs of publications reporting gene signatures containing FCGRT from the ESCAPE Omics Signatures of Genes and Proteins for Stem Cells dataset.
	GAD Gene-Disease Associations	diseases associated with FCGRT gene in GWAS and other genetic association datasets from the GAD Gene-Disease Associations dataset.
	GAD High Level Gene-Disease Associations	diseases associated with FCGRT gene in GWAS and other genetic association datasets from the GAD High Level Gene-Disease Associations dataset.
	GDSC Cell Line Gene Expression Profiles	cell lines with high or low expression of FCGRT gene relative to other cell lines from the GDSC Cell Line Gene Expression Profiles dataset.
	GeneRIF Biological Term Annotations	biological terms co-occuring with FCGRT gene in literature-supported statements describing functions of genes from the GeneRIF Biological Term Annotations dataset.