{"type": "root", "children": [{"type": "p", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "\n Recent studies have highlighted the diverse roles of epigenetic regulation in gene evolution, stem cell maintenance, and congenital malformations. For example, one investigation detailed a novel neutrality test for detecting selection on epimutations, suggesting that epigenetic changes may contribute to gene origination and evolution."}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_f", "ref": "1"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " Another study comparing DNA methylation profiles in human embryonic and induced pluripotent stem cells established that differential methylation marks are critical for maintaining stemness and self‐renewal, emphasizing the importance of epigenetic regulation in developmental biology."}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_f", "ref": "2"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "\n "}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "\n "}, {"type": "p", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "\n Notably, genome‐wide transcriptomic profiling of congenital lung malformation tissues identified significant differences in long non‐coding RNA expression, and implicated the lncRNA FLJ26850 as a potential contributor to disease pathogenesis. In this context, FLJ26850 may exert its influence via an association with the transcription factor ZNF473, suggesting that it could play a role in the regulation of gene expression pathways involved in congenital lung malformations."}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_f", "ref": "3"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "\n "}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "\n "}, {"type": "p", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "\n In summary, while epigenetic mechanisms broadly impact gene evolution and cellular identity, current evidence specifically points to FLJ26850 as a promising candidate involved in the development of congenital lung malformations by potentially modulating ZNF473‐related pathways.\n "}]}, {"type": "rg", "children": [{"type": "r", "ref": 1, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Jun Wang, Chuanzhu Fan "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "A neutrality test for detecting selection on DNA methylation using single methylation polymorphism frequency spectrum."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Genome Biol Evol (2014)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1093/gbe/evu271"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1093/gbe/evu271"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "25539727"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25539727"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 2, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "WenYin He, XiangJin Kang, HongZi Du, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Defining differentially methylated regions specific for the acquisition of pluripotency and maintenance in human pluripotent stem cells via microarray."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "PLoS One (2014)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1371/journal.pone.0108350"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0108350"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "25250679"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25250679"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 3, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Weili Yang, Pu Zhao, Yun Liu, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Transcriptome analysis of lncRNA expression patterns in human congenital lung malformations."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "BMC Genomics (2021)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1186/s12864-021-08204-x"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1186/s12864-021-08204-x"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "34844556"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34844556"}]}]}]}