{"type": "root", "children": [{"type": "p", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "\n FMC1 refers to distinct entities that have been characterized in different biomedical contexts. In one set of studies, FMC1 (often designated Fmc1p in yeast) is identified as a mitochondrial matrix protein that plays a critical role in the assembly and stabilization of the F₁ sector of the F₀F₁-ATP synthase—especially under thermal (elevated temperature) stress. In yeast, cells lacking Fmc1p display pronounced respiratory growth defects at 37 °C because the α‐ and β‐subunits of ATP synthase fail to form a functional oligomer, instead aggregating in the mitochondrial matrix. This defect can be overcome by compensatory mechanisms (such as overexpression of Atp12p or Odc1p), highlighting the protein’s importance in ensuring proper folding or function of assembly factors under stress. Moreover, FMC1 belongs to the complex “LYR” motif protein family, which is involved in the biogenesis and stabilization of oxidative phosphorylation complexes (see."}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_fs", "start_ref": "1", "end_ref": "4"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "\n "}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "\n "}, {"type": "p", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "\n In a different series of investigations, FMC1 is used as the designation for an antigen detected by a monoclonal antibody that marks B lymphocytes. The FMC1 antibody has been shown to react with a broad population of B cells and is useful in immunophenotypic analyses—helping to distinguish B-cell lineage cells in normal subjects as well as in various hematological diseases, including certain leukemias and lymphomas. In this context, FMC1 serves as one of several markers (along with related antibodies such as FMC7) that aid in the prognostic assessment and diagnostic classification of hematopoietic disorders."}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_fs", "start_ref": "5", "end_ref": "10"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "\n "}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "\n "}, {"type": "p", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "\n In summary, while the term “FMC1” may refer either to a mitochondrial assembly factor critical for ATP synthase integrity under stress or to a diagnostic B-cell antigen, both functions exemplify the diverse roles that similarly named molecules can play in cell biology and clinical diagnostics.\n "}]}, {"type": "rg", "children": [{"type": "r", "ref": 1, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Liming Chang, Wei Zhu, Shengchao Shi, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Plateau Grass and Greenhouse Flower? 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