{"type": "root", "children": [{"type": "p", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "\n GACAT2 is a long non‐coding RNA that has been implicated in distinct pathological contexts. In gastric cancer, studies have demonstrated that circulating plasma levels of GACAT2 are significantly elevated in preoperative patients compared with both postoperative patients and healthy subjects. Moreover, individual changes in plasma GACAT2 expression following surgery correlate with important prognostic features, including lymphatic metastasis, distal metastasis, and perineural invasion. These observations support the potential application of GACAT2 as a minimally invasive biomarker for screening and prognosis in gastric cancer patients."}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_f", "ref": "1"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": ""}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "\n "}, {"type": "p", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "\n In a separate context related to periodontal regeneration, GACAT2 has been identified as a critical regulator of mitochondrial function and cellular differentiation in periodontal ligament stem cells under inflammatory conditions. Mechanistic investigations revealed that GACAT2 directly binds to pyruvate kinase isoforms (PKM1/2), leading to increased expression of PKM1/2, enhanced formation of the PKM2 tetramer, and elevated levels of phosphorylated PKM2. This cascade boosts pyruvate kinase activity and promotes the translocation of PKM2 into mitochondria, thereby rescuing the inflammatory impairment of mitochondrial function and cementoblastic differentiation. Such findings indicate that GACAT2 plays an important role in modulating the cellular events required for cementogenesis in an inflammatory milieu."}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_f", "ref": "2"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "\n "}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "\n "}, {"type": "p", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "\n Together, these studies suggest that GACAT2 functions in a dual capacity: as a promising circulating biomarker for the diagnosis and prognostication of gastric cancer, and as an important mediator of mitochondrial function and differentiation in stem cells subject to inflammation. This dual role underscores its potential as both a diagnostic indicator and a therapeutic target in disparate clinical settings.\n "}]}, {"type": "rg", "children": [{"type": "r", "ref": 1, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Lin Tan, Yunben Yang, Yongfu Shao, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Plasma lncRNA-GACAT2 is a valuable marker for the screening of gastric cancer."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Oncol Lett (2016)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.3892/ol.2016.5297"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.3892/ol.2016.5297"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "28105191"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28105191"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 2, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Xuan Li, Bei-Min Tian, Dao-Kun Deng, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "LncRNA GACAT2 binds with protein PKM1/2 to regulate cell mitochondrial function and cementogenesis in an inflammatory environment."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Bone Res (2022)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1038/s41413-022-00197-x"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1038/s41413-022-00197-x"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "35296649"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35296649"}]}]}]}