| Name | general transcription factor IIA, 1-like |
| Description | The assembly and stability of the RNA polymerase II transcription pre-initiation complex on a eukaryotic core promoter involve the effects of transcription factor IIA (TFIIA) on the interaction between TATA-binding protein (TBP) and DNA. This gene encodes a germ cell-specific counterpart of the large (alpha/beta) subunit of general transcription factor TFIIA that is able to stabilize the binding of TBP to DNA and may be uniquely important to testis biology. Alternative splicing for this locus has been observed and two variants, encoding distinct isoforms, have been identified. Co-transcription of this gene and the neighboring upstream gene generates a rare transcript (SALF), which encodes a fusion protein comprised of sequence sharing identity with each individual gene product. [provided by RefSeq, Mar 2014] |
| Summary |
{"type": "root", "children": [{"type": "p", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "\n GTF2A1L encodes a testis‐specific isoform of the general transcription factor TFIIAα/β—commonly known as ALF—that plays a pivotal role in the transcriptional regulation of genes essential for spermatogenesis. Functional studies have shown that the ALF protein forms a complex with TFIIAγ to facilitate stable interactions between TATA-binding protein and promoter elements, thereby activating a subset of germ cell–specific genes (3,4). In addition, genetic association studies have identified that specific GTF2A1L polymorphisms correlate with altered follicle‐stimulating hormone levels in patients with non-obstructive azoospermia, suggesting that variations in this gene might serve as valuable molecular markers for male infertility (1). Epigenetic analyses further reveal that differential DNA methylation of the GTF2A1L promoter influences its expression during spermatogenesis, with higher methylation corresponding to lower gene expression and associated spermatogenic defects (2). Together, these findings underscore the essential role of GTF2A1L in establishing the proper transcriptional program during male germ cell development and highlight its contribution to normal fertility.\n "}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "\n "}, {"type": "p", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "\n <small>\n (1)"}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_f", "ref": "1"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": ", \n (2)"}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_f", "ref": "2"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": ", \n (3)"}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_f", "ref": "3"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": ", \n (4)"}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_f", "ref": "4"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "</small>\n "}]}, {"type": "rg", "children": [{"type": "r", "ref": 1, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Yan Zhang, Xiao-Jin He, Bing Song, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Association of single nucleotide polymorphisms in the USF1, GTF2A1L and OR2W3 genes with non-obstructive azoospermia in the Chinese population."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "J Assist Reprod Genet (2015)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1007/s10815-014-0369-y"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s10815-014-0369-y"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "25374392"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25374392"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 2, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Kazuhiro Sugimoto, Eitetsu Koh, Masashi Iijima, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Aberrant methylation of the TDMR of the GTF2A1L promoter does not affect fertilisation rates via TESE in patients with hypospermatogenesis."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Asian J Androl (2013)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1038/aja.2013.56"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1038/aja.2013.56"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "23770943"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23770943"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 3, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "A B Upadhyaya, S H Lee, J DeJong "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Identification of a general transcription factor TFIIAalpha/beta homolog selectively expressed in testis."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "J Biol Chem (1999)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1074/jbc.274.25.18040"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1074/jbc.274.25.18040"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10364255"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/10364255"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 4, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "S Y Han, L Zhou, A Upadhyaya, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "TFIIAalpha/beta-like factor is encoded by a germ cell-specific gene whose expression is up-regulated with other general transcription factors during spermatogenesis in the mouse."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Biol Reprod (2001)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1095/biolreprod64.2.507"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1095/biolreprod64.2.507"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "11159353"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11159353"}]}]}]}
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| Synonyms | ALF |
| Proteins | TF2AY_HUMAN |
| NCBI Gene ID | 11036 |
| API | |
| Download Associations | |
| Predicted Functions |
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| Co-expressed Genes |
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| Expression in Tissues and Cell Lines |
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GTF2A1L has 2,026 functional associations with biological entities spanning 8 categories (molecular profile, organism, functional term, phrase or reference, chemical, disease, phenotype or trait, structural feature, cell line, cell type or tissue, gene, protein or microRNA) extracted from 70 datasets.
Click the + buttons to view associations for GTF2A1L from the datasets below.
If available, associations are ranked by standardized value
| Dataset | Summary | |
|---|---|---|
| Achilles Cell Line Gene Essentiality Profiles | cell lines with fitness changed by GTF2A1L gene knockdown relative to other cell lines from the Achilles Cell Line Gene Essentiality Profiles dataset. | |
| Allen Brain Atlas Adult Mouse Brain Tissue Gene Expression Profiles | tissues with high or low expression of GTF2A1L gene relative to other tissues from the Allen Brain Atlas Adult Mouse Brain Tissue Gene Expression Profiles dataset. | |
| BioGPS Mouse Cell Type and Tissue Gene Expression Profiles | cell types and tissues with high or low expression of GTF2A1L gene relative to other cell types and tissues from the BioGPS Mouse Cell Type and Tissue Gene Expression Profiles dataset. | |
| CCLE Cell Line Gene CNV Profiles | cell lines with high or low copy number of GTF2A1L gene relative to other cell lines from the CCLE Cell Line Gene CNV Profiles dataset. | |
| ChEA Transcription Factor Binding Site Profiles | transcription factor binding site profiles with transcription factor binding evidence at the promoter of GTF2A1L gene from the CHEA Transcription Factor Binding Site Profiles dataset. | |
| ChEA Transcription Factor Targets | transcription factors binding the promoter of GTF2A1L gene in low- or high-throughput transcription factor functional studies from the CHEA Transcription Factor Targets dataset. | |
| ChEA Transcription Factor Targets 2022 | transcription factors binding the promoter of GTF2A1L gene in low- or high-throughput transcription factor functional studies from the CHEA Transcription Factor Targets 2022 dataset. | |
| CM4AI KOLF21J CRISPRi Gene Perturbation Atlas | gene perturbations changing expression of GTF2A1L gene from the CM4AI KOLF21J CRISPRi Gene Perturbation Atlas dataset. | |
| COMPARTMENTS Curated Protein Localization Evidence Scores | cellular components containing GTF2A1L protein from the COMPARTMENTS Curated Protein Localization Evidence Scores dataset. | |
| COSMIC Cell Line Gene CNV Profiles | cell lines with high or low copy number of GTF2A1L gene relative to other cell lines from the COSMIC Cell Line Gene CNV Profiles dataset. | |
| COSMIC Cell Line Gene Mutation Profiles | cell lines with GTF2A1L gene mutations from the COSMIC Cell Line Gene Mutation Profiles dataset. | |
| CTD Gene-Chemical Interactions | chemicals interacting with GTF2A1L gene/protein from the curated CTD Gene-Chemical Interactions dataset. | |
| CTD Gene-Disease Associations | diseases associated with GTF2A1L gene/protein from the curated CTD Gene-Disease Associations dataset. | |
| DepMap CRISPR Gene Dependency | cell lines with fitness changed by GTF2A1L gene knockdown relative to other cell lines from the DepMap CRISPR Gene Dependency dataset. | |
| DISEASES Experimental Gene-Disease Association Evidence Scores | diseases associated with GTF2A1L gene in GWAS datasets from the DISEASES Experimental Gene-Disease Assocation Evidence Scores dataset. | |
| DISEASES Experimental Gene-Disease Association Evidence Scores 2025 | diseases associated with GTF2A1L gene in GWAS datasets from the DISEASES Experimental Gene-Disease Assocation Evidence Scores 2025 dataset. | |
| DISEASES Text-mining Gene-Disease Association Evidence Scores | diseases co-occuring with GTF2A1L gene in abstracts of biomedical publications from the DISEASES Text-mining Gene-Disease Assocation Evidence Scores dataset. | |
| DISEASES Text-mining Gene-Disease Association Evidence Scores 2025 | diseases co-occuring with GTF2A1L gene in abstracts of biomedical publications from the DISEASES Text-mining Gene-Disease Assocation Evidence Scores 2025 dataset. | |
| DisGeNET Gene-Disease Associations | diseases associated with GTF2A1L gene in GWAS and other genetic association datasets from the DisGeNET Gene-Disease Associations dataset. | |
| DisGeNET Gene-Phenotype Associations | phenotypes associated with GTF2A1L gene in GWAS and other genetic association datasets from the DisGeNET Gene-Phenoptype Associations dataset. | |
| ENCODE Histone Modification Site Profiles | histone modification site profiles with high histone modification abundance at GTF2A1L gene from the ENCODE Histone Modification Site Profiles dataset. | |
| ENCODE Transcription Factor Binding Site Profiles | transcription factor binding site profiles with transcription factor binding evidence at the promoter of GTF2A1L gene from the ENCODE Transcription Factor Binding Site Profiles dataset. | |
| ENCODE Transcription Factor Targets | transcription factors binding the promoter of GTF2A1L gene in ChIP-seq datasets from the ENCODE Transcription Factor Targets dataset. | |
| ESCAPE Omics Signatures of Genes and Proteins for Stem Cells | PubMedIDs of publications reporting gene signatures containing GTF2A1L from the ESCAPE Omics Signatures of Genes and Proteins for Stem Cells dataset. | |
| GAD Gene-Disease Associations | diseases associated with GTF2A1L gene in GWAS and other genetic association datasets from the GAD Gene-Disease Associations dataset. | |
| GeneRIF Biological Term Annotations | biological terms co-occuring with GTF2A1L gene in literature-supported statements describing functions of genes from the GeneRIF Biological Term Annotations dataset. | |
| GeneSigDB Published Gene Signatures | PubMedIDs of publications reporting gene signatures containing GTF2A1L from the GeneSigDB Published Gene Signatures dataset. | |
| GEO Signatures of Differentially Expressed Genes for Diseases | disease perturbations changing expression of GTF2A1L gene from the GEO Signatures of Differentially Expressed Genes for Diseases dataset. | |
| GEO Signatures of Differentially Expressed Genes for Gene Perturbations | gene perturbations changing expression of GTF2A1L gene from the GEO Signatures of Differentially Expressed Genes for Gene Perturbations dataset. | |
| GEO Signatures of Differentially Expressed Genes for Kinase Perturbations | kinase perturbations changing expression of GTF2A1L gene from the GEO Signatures of Differentially Expressed Genes for Kinase Perturbations dataset. | |
| GEO Signatures of Differentially Expressed Genes for Small Molecules | small molecule perturbations changing expression of GTF2A1L gene from the GEO Signatures of Differentially Expressed Genes for Small Molecules dataset. | |
| GEO Signatures of Differentially Expressed Genes for Transcription Factor Perturbations | transcription factor perturbations changing expression of GTF2A1L gene from the GEO Signatures of Differentially Expressed Genes for Transcription Factor Perturbations dataset. | |
| GEO Signatures of Differentially Expressed Genes for Viral Infections | virus perturbations changing expression of GTF2A1L gene from the GEO Signatures of Differentially Expressed Genes for Viral Infections dataset. | |
| GO Biological Process Annotations 2015 | biological processes involving GTF2A1L gene from the curated GO Biological Process Annotations 2015 dataset. | |
| GO Biological Process Annotations 2023 | biological processes involving GTF2A1L gene from the curated GO Biological Process Annotations 2023 dataset. | |
| GO Cellular Component Annotations 2015 | cellular components containing GTF2A1L protein from the curated GO Cellular Component Annotations 2015 dataset. | |
| GO Cellular Component Annotations 2023 | cellular components containing GTF2A1L protein from the curated GO Cellular Component Annotations 2023 dataset. | |
| GO Molecular Function Annotations 2015 | molecular functions performed by GTF2A1L gene from the curated GO Molecular Function Annotations 2015 dataset. | |
| GTEx Tissue Gene Expression Profiles | tissues with high or low expression of GTF2A1L gene relative to other tissues from the GTEx Tissue Gene Expression Profiles dataset. | |
| GTEx Tissue Gene Expression Profiles 2023 | tissues with high or low expression of GTF2A1L gene relative to other tissues from the GTEx Tissue Gene Expression Profiles 2023 dataset. | |
| GWASdb SNP-Disease Associations | diseases associated with GTF2A1L gene in GWAS and other genetic association datasets from the GWASdb SNP-Disease Associations dataset. | |
| GWASdb SNP-Phenotype Associations | phenotypes associated with GTF2A1L gene in GWAS datasets from the GWASdb SNP-Phenotype Associations dataset. | |
| HPA Tissue Gene Expression Profiles | tissues with high or low expression of GTF2A1L gene relative to other tissues from the HPA Tissue Gene Expression Profiles dataset. | |
| HPA Tissue Sample Gene Expression Profiles | tissue samples with high or low expression of GTF2A1L gene relative to other tissue samples from the HPA Tissue Sample Gene Expression Profiles dataset. | |
| Hub Proteins Protein-Protein Interactions | interacting hub proteins for GTF2A1L from the curated Hub Proteins Protein-Protein Interactions dataset. | |
| HuGE Navigator Gene-Phenotype Associations | phenotypes associated with GTF2A1L gene by text-mining GWAS publications from the HuGE Navigator Gene-Phenotype Associations dataset. | |
| InterPro Predicted Protein Domain Annotations | protein domains predicted for GTF2A1L protein from the InterPro Predicted Protein Domain Annotations dataset. | |
| JASPAR Predicted Transcription Factor Targets | transcription factors regulating expression of GTF2A1L gene predicted using known transcription factor binding site motifs from the JASPAR Predicted Transcription Factor Targets dataset. | |
| KEA Substrates of Kinases | kinases that phosphorylate GTF2A1L protein from the curated KEA Substrates of Kinases dataset. | |
| KEGG Pathways | pathways involving GTF2A1L protein from the KEGG Pathways dataset. | |
| Klijn et al., Nat. Biotechnol., 2015 Cell Line Gene CNV Profiles | cell lines with high or low copy number of GTF2A1L gene relative to other cell lines from the Klijn et al., Nat. Biotechnol., 2015 Cell Line Gene CNV Profiles dataset. | |
| KnockTF Gene Expression Profiles with Transcription Factor Perturbations | transcription factor perturbations changing expression of GTF2A1L gene from the KnockTF Gene Expression Profiles with Transcription Factor Perturbations dataset. | |
| LOCATE Curated Protein Localization Annotations | cellular components containing GTF2A1L protein in low- or high-throughput protein localization assays from the LOCATE Curated Protein Localization Annotations dataset. | |
| LOCATE Predicted Protein Localization Annotations | cellular components predicted to contain GTF2A1L protein from the LOCATE Predicted Protein Localization Annotations dataset. | |
| MotifMap Predicted Transcription Factor Targets | transcription factors regulating expression of GTF2A1L gene predicted using known transcription factor binding site motifs from the MotifMap Predicted Transcription Factor Targets dataset. | |
| MSigDB Signatures of Differentially Expressed Genes for Cancer Gene Perturbations | gene perturbations changing expression of GTF2A1L gene from the MSigDB Signatures of Differentially Expressed Genes for Cancer Gene Perturbations dataset. | |
| PANTHER Pathways | pathways involving GTF2A1L protein from the PANTHER Pathways dataset. | |
| Pathway Commons Protein-Protein Interactions | interacting proteins for GTF2A1L from the Pathway Commons Protein-Protein Interactions dataset. | |
| PerturbAtlas Signatures of Differentially Expressed Genes for Mouse Gene Perturbations | gene perturbations changing expression of GTF2A1L gene from the PerturbAtlas Signatures of Differentially Expressed Genes for Gene Perturbations dataset. | |
| Roadmap Epigenomics Cell and Tissue DNA Methylation Profiles | cell types and tissues with high or low DNA methylation of GTF2A1L gene relative to other cell types and tissues from the Roadmap Epigenomics Cell and Tissue DNA Methylation Profiles dataset. | |
| Roadmap Epigenomics Histone Modification Site Profiles | histone modification site profiles with high histone modification abundance at GTF2A1L gene from the Roadmap Epigenomics Histone Modification Site Profiles dataset. | |
| Rummagene Transcription Factor Associations 2026 | transcription factors regulating expression of GTF2A1L gene from the Rummagene Transcription Factor Associations 2026 dataset. | |
| RummaGEO Drug Perturbation Signatures | drug perturbations changing expression of GTF2A1L gene from the RummaGEO Drug Perturbation Signatures dataset. | |
| RummaGEO Gene Perturbation Signatures | gene perturbations changing expression of GTF2A1L gene from the RummaGEO Gene Perturbation Signatures dataset. | |
| TargetScan Predicted Conserved microRNA Targets | microRNAs regulating expression of GTF2A1L gene predicted using conserved miRNA seed sequences from the TargetScan Predicted Conserved microRNA Targets dataset. | |
| TargetScan Predicted Nonconserved microRNA Targets | microRNAs regulating expression of GTF2A1L gene predicted using nonconserved miRNA seed sequences from the TargetScan Predicted Nonconserved microRNA Targets dataset. | |
| TCGA Signatures of Differentially Expressed Genes for Tumors | tissue samples with high or low expression of GTF2A1L gene relative to other tissue samples from the TCGA Signatures of Differentially Expressed Genes for Tumors dataset. | |
| TISSUES Curated Tissue Protein Expression Evidence Scores | tissues with high expression of GTF2A1L protein from the TISSUES Curated Tissue Protein Expression Evidence Scores dataset. | |
| TISSUES Experimental Tissue Protein Expression Evidence Scores | tissues with high expression of GTF2A1L protein in proteomics datasets from the TISSUES Experimental Tissue Protein Expression Evidence Scores dataset. | |
| TISSUES Text-mining Tissue Protein Expression Evidence Scores | tissues co-occuring with GTF2A1L protein in abstracts of biomedical publications from the TISSUES Text-mining Tissue Protein Expression Evidence Scores dataset. | |
