| Name | H1.2 linker histone, cluster member |
| Description | Histones are basic nuclear proteins responsible for nucleosome structure of the chromosomal fiber in eukaryotes. Two molecules of each of the four core histones (H2A, H2B, H3, and H4) form an octamer, around which approximately 146 bp of DNA is wrapped in repeating units, called nucleosomes. The linker histone, H1, interacts with linker DNA between nucleosomes and functions in the compaction of chromatin into higher order structures. This gene is intronless and encodes a replication-dependent histone that is a member of the histone H1 family. Transcripts from this gene lack polyA tails but instead contain a palindromic termination element. This gene is found in the large histone gene cluster on chromosome 6. [provided by RefSeq, Aug 2015] |
| Summary |
{"type": "root", "children": [{"type": "p", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "\n Linker histone H1‐2 (a specific H1 subtype) plays a multifaceted role in regulating chromatin structure and gene expression. It is essential for establishing higher‐order chromatin compaction, thereby controlling nucleosome spacing and nuclear organization during development—as dramatic reductions in total H1 levels lead to altered nucleosome spacing and embryonic defects."}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_f", "ref": "1"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " In addition, H1‐2 functions as a transcriptional repressor by forming stable complexes with factors such as p53 and associated cofactors; these interactions block the acetylation activity of key transcriptional coactivators and thus dampen p53‐mediated gene activation, helping to set thresholds for apoptosis and other p53‐dependent responses."}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_f", "ref": "2"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " Moreover, its genomic distribution is distinctive—H1‐2 is preferentially depleted at actively transcribed promoters but enriched in regions characterized by low guanine–cytosine content and lamina‐associated domains, correlating with transcriptional repression and the maintenance of chromatin integrity."}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_f", "ref": "3"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " Finally, post‐translational modifications such as citrullination (which can displace H1 from chromatin and promote decondensation) further modulate its function, linking H1‐2 dynamics to broader cellular processes including stem cell pluripotency and oncogenesis."}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_f", "ref": "4"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "\n "}]}, {"type": "rg", "children": [{"type": "r", "ref": 1, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Yuhong Fan, Tatiana Nikitina, Elizabeth M Morin-Kensicki, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "H1 linker histones are essential for mouse development and affect nucleosome spacing in vivo."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Mol Cell Biol (2003)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1128/MCB.23.13.4559-4572.2003"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1128/MCB.23.13.4559-4572.2003"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "12808097"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/12808097"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 2, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Kyunghwan Kim, Jongkyu Choi, Kyu Heo, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Isolation and characterization of a novel H1.2 complex that acts as a repressor of p53-mediated transcription."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "J Biol Chem (2008)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1074/jbc.M708205200"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1074/jbc.M708205200"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "18258596"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/18258596"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 3, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Lluís Millán-Ariño, Abul B M M K Islam, Andrea Izquierdo-Bouldstridge, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Mapping of six somatic linker histone H1 variants in human breast cancer cells uncovers specific features of H1.2."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Nucleic Acids Res (2014)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1093/nar/gku079"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1093/nar/gku079"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "24476918"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24476918"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 4, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Maria A Christophorou, Gonçalo Castelo-Branco, Richard P Halley-Stott, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Citrullination regulates pluripotency and histone H1 binding to chromatin."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Nature (2014)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1038/nature12942"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1038/nature12942"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "24463520"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24463520"}]}]}]}
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| NCBI Gene ID | 3006 |
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| Co-expressed Genes |
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| Expression in Tissues and Cell Lines |
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H1-2 has 5,091 functional associations with biological entities spanning 6 categories (chemical, functional term, phrase or reference, disease, phenotype or trait, cell line, cell type or tissue, gene, protein or microRNA, sequence feature) extracted from 42 datasets.
Click the + buttons to view associations for H1-2 from the datasets below.
If available, associations are ranked by standardized value
| Dataset | Summary | |
|---|---|---|
| Allen Brain Atlas Aging Dementia and Traumatic Brain Injury Tissue Sample Gene Expression Profiles | tissue samples with high or low expression of H1-2 gene relative to other tissue samples from the Allen Brain Atlas Aging Dementia and Traumatic Brain Injury Tissue Sample Gene Expression Profiles dataset. | |
| Carcinogenome Chemical Perturbation Carcinogenicity Signatures | small molecule perturbations changing expression of H1-2 gene from the Carcinogenome Chemical Perturbation Carcinogenicity Signatures dataset. | |
| CCLE Cell Line Proteomics | Cell lines associated with H1-2 protein from the CCLE Cell Line Proteomics dataset. | |
| CellMarker Gene-Cell Type Associations | cell types associated with H1-2 gene from the CellMarker Gene-Cell Type Associations dataset. | |
| ChEA Transcription Factor Targets 2022 | transcription factors binding the promoter of H1-2 gene in low- or high-throughput transcription factor functional studies from the CHEA Transcription Factor Targets 2022 dataset. | |
| CM4AI U2OS Cell Map Protein Localization Assemblies | assemblies containing H1-2 protein from integrated AP-MS and IF data from the CM4AI U2OS Cell Map Protein Localization Assemblies dataset. | |
| COMPARTMENTS Curated Protein Localization Evidence Scores 2025 | cellular components containing H1-2 protein from the COMPARTMENTS Curated Protein Localization Evidence Scores 2025 dataset. | |
| COMPARTMENTS Experimental Protein Localization Evidence Scores 2025 | cellular components containing H1-2 protein in low- or high-throughput protein localization assays from the COMPARTMENTS Experimental Protein Localization Evidence Scores 2025 dataset. | |
| COMPARTMENTS Text-mining Protein Localization Evidence Scores 2025 | cellular components co-occuring with H1-2 protein in abstracts of biomedical publications from the COMPARTMENTS Text-mining Protein Localization Evidence Scores 2025 dataset. | |
| DeepCoverMOA Drug Mechanisms of Action | small molecule perturbations with high or low expression of H1-2 protein relative to other small molecule perturbations from the DeepCoverMOA Drug Mechanisms of Action dataset. | |
| DepMap CRISPR Gene Dependency | cell lines with fitness changed by H1-2 gene knockdown relative to other cell lines from the DepMap CRISPR Gene Dependency dataset. | |
| DISEASES Experimental Gene-Disease Association Evidence Scores 2025 | diseases associated with H1-2 gene in GWAS datasets from the DISEASES Experimental Gene-Disease Assocation Evidence Scores 2025 dataset. | |
| DISEASES Text-mining Gene-Disease Association Evidence Scores 2025 | diseases co-occuring with H1-2 gene in abstracts of biomedical publications from the DISEASES Text-mining Gene-Disease Assocation Evidence Scores 2025 dataset. | |
| GO Biological Process Annotations 2023 | biological processes involving H1-2 gene from the curated GO Biological Process Annotations 2023 dataset. | |
| GO Biological Process Annotations 2025 | biological processes involving H1-2 gene from the curated GO Biological Process Annotations2025 dataset. | |
| GO Cellular Component Annotations 2023 | cellular components containing H1-2 protein from the curated GO Cellular Component Annotations 2023 dataset. | |
| GO Cellular Component Annotations 2025 | cellular components containing H1-2 protein from the curated GO Cellular Component Annotations 2025 dataset. | |
| GO Molecular Function Annotations 2023 | molecular functions performed by H1-2 gene from the curated GO Molecular Function Annotations 2023 dataset. | |
| GO Molecular Function Annotations 2025 | molecular functions performed by H1-2 gene from the curated GO Molecular Function Annotations 2025 dataset. | |
| GTEx eQTL 2025 | SNPs regulating expression of H1-2 gene from the GTEx eQTL 2025 dataset. | |
| GTEx Tissue Gene Expression Profiles 2023 | tissues with high or low expression of H1-2 gene relative to other tissues from the GTEx Tissue Gene Expression Profiles 2023 dataset. | |
| GTEx Tissue-Specific Aging Signatures | tissue samples with high or low expression of H1-2 gene relative to other tissue samples from the GTEx Tissue-Specific Aging Signatures dataset. | |
| GWAS Catalog SNP-Phenotype Associations 2025 | phenotypes associated with H1-2 gene in GWAS datasets from the GWAS Catalog SNP-Phenotype Associations 2025 dataset. | |
| JASPAR Predicted Human Transcription Factor Targets 2025 | transcription factors regulating expression of H1-2 gene predicted using known transcription factor binding site motifs from the JASPAR Predicted Human Transcription Factor Targets dataset. | |
| JASPAR Predicted Mouse Transcription Factor Targets 2025 | transcription factors regulating expression of H1-2 gene predicted using known transcription factor binding site motifs from the JASPAR Predicted Mouse Transcription Factor Targets 2025 dataset. | |
| LINCS L1000 CMAP Chemical Perturbation Consensus Signatures | small molecule perturbations changing expression of H1-2 gene from the LINCS L1000 CMAP Chemical Perturbations Consensus Signatures dataset. | |
| LINCS L1000 CMAP CRISPR Knockout Consensus Signatures | gene perturbations changing expression of H1-2 gene from the LINCS L1000 CMAP CRISPR Knockout Consensus Signatures dataset. | |
| MGI Mouse Phenotype Associations 2023 | phenotypes of transgenic mice caused by H1-2 gene mutations from the MGI Mouse Phenotype Associations 2023 dataset. | |
| MoTrPAC Rat Endurance Exercise Training | tissue samples with high or low expression of H1-2 gene relative to other tissue samples from the MoTrPAC Rat Endurance Exercise Training dataset. | |
| PFOCR Pathway Figure Associations 2023 | pathways involving H1-2 protein from the PFOCR Pathway Figure Associations 2023 dataset. | |
| PFOCR Pathway Figure Associations 2024 | pathways involving H1-2 protein from the Wikipathways PFOCR 2024 dataset. | |
| Reactome Pathways 2024 | pathways involving H1-2 protein from the Reactome Pathways 2024 dataset. | |
| Replogle et al., Cell, 2022 K562 Essential Perturb-seq Gene Perturbation Signatures | gene perturbations changing expression of H1-2 gene from the Replogle et al., Cell, 2022 K562 Essential Perturb-seq Gene Perturbation Signatures dataset. | |
| Replogle et al., Cell, 2022 K562 Genome-wide Perturb-seq Gene Perturbation Signatures | gene perturbations changing expression of H1-2 gene from the Replogle et al., Cell, 2022 K562 Genome-wide Perturb-seq Gene Perturbation Signatures dataset. | |
| Replogle et al., Cell, 2022 RPE1 Essential Perturb-seq Gene Perturbation Signatures | gene perturbations changing expression of H1-2 gene from the Replogle et al., Cell, 2022 RPE1 Essential Perturb-seq Gene Perturbation Signatures dataset. | |
| RummaGEO Drug Perturbation Signatures | drug perturbations changing expression of H1-2 gene from the RummaGEO Drug Perturbation Signatures dataset. | |
| RummaGEO Gene Perturbation Signatures | gene perturbations changing expression of H1-2 gene from the RummaGEO Gene Perturbation Signatures dataset. | |
| Sci-Plex Drug Perturbation Signatures | drug perturbations changing expression of H1-2 gene from the Sci-Plex Drug Perturbation Signatures dataset. | |
| Tahoe Therapeutics Tahoe 100M Perturbation Atlas | drug perturbations changing expression of H1-2 gene from the Tahoe Therapeutics Tahoe 100M Perturbation Atlas dataset. | |
| TISSUES Curated Tissue Protein Expression Evidence Scores 2025 | tissues with high expression of H1-2 protein from the TISSUES Curated Tissue Protein Expression Evidence Scores 2025 dataset. | |
| TISSUES Experimental Tissue Protein Expression Evidence Scores 2025 | tissues with high expression of H1-2 protein in proteomics datasets from the TISSUES Experimental Tissue Protein Expression Evidence Scores 2025 dataset. | |
| TISSUES Text-mining Tissue Protein Expression Evidence Scores 2025 | tissues co-occuring with H1-2 protein in abstracts of biomedical publications from the TISSUES Text-mining Tissue Protein Expression Evidence Scores 2025 dataset. | |
