{"type": "root", "children": [{"type": "p", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "\n H2BC11 is a member of the histone H2B family that functions as a structural component of nucleosomes and plays a critical role in chromatin organization and transcriptional regulation. Several studies highlight that post‐translational modification of H2B family proteins—such as ubiquitination—can modulate gene expression programs that are essential for processes including antiviral responses, where activation of interferon‐stimulated genes is promoted by targeted modification of host H2B (see."}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_f", "ref": "1"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " In addition, H2B proteins are widely exploited as fusion reporters in inducible transgenic mouse models to monitor nuclear dynamics and cell cycle progression, thereby serving as valuable tools for lineage tracing and tissue‐specific gene dosage studies (see."}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_f", "ref": "2"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " Furthermore, aberrant expression of H2B family members has been associated with cancer progression and prognosis; for instance, differential expression of certain H2B genes forms part of prognostic signatures in glioma, linking chromatin regulation to tumor behavior (see."}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_f", "ref": "3"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " Finally, transcriptional regulation of H2B genes—illustrated by their control by factors such as CREB—connects their expression to pathways governing cell proliferation and apoptosis, thereby implicating them in oncogenic processes (see."}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_f", "ref": "4"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "\n "}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "\n "}, {"type": "p", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "\n In summary, H2BC11 contributes to the fine‐tuning of gene expression by maintaining chromatin structure and serving as a platform for regulatory modifications. Its involvement in antiviral signaling, its utility as a marker in transgenic reporter systems, and its altered expression in cancers underscore its multifaceted roles in both normal physiology and disease.\n "}]}, {"type": "rg", "children": [{"type": "r", "ref": 1, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Yong Zhang, Dailing Mao, William T Roswit, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "PARP9-DTX3L ubiquitin ligase targets host histone H2BJ and viral 3C protease to enhance interferon signaling and control viral infection."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Nat Immunol (2015)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1038/ni.3279"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1038/ni.3279"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "26479788"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26479788"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 2, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Sabrina Roth, Patrick Franken, Wendy van Veelen, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Generation of a tightly regulated doxycycline-inducible model for studying mouse intestinal biology."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Genesis (2009)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1002/dvg.20446"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1002/dvg.20446"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "18942097"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/18942097"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 3, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Weidong Liu, Zhentao Xu, Jie Zhou, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "High Levels of HIST1H2BK in Low-Grade Glioma Predicts Poor Prognosis: A Study Using CGGA and TCGA Data."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Front Oncol (2020)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.3389/fonc.2020.00627"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.3389/fonc.2020.00627"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "32457836"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32457836"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 4, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Matteo Pellegrini, Jerry C Cheng, Jon Voutila, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Expression profile of CREB knockdown in myeloid leukemia cells."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "BMC Cancer (2008)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1186/1471-2407-8-264"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1186/1471-2407-8-264"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "18801183"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/18801183"}]}]}]}