{"type": "root", "children": [{"type": "p", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "\n H2BFWT is a testis‐specific variant of histone H2B that becomes incorporated into sperm chromatin and plays a crucial role during spermatogenesis. It participates in the reorganization and remodeling of chromatin in the male germline, thereby contributing to the proper packaging and epigenetic regulation of the paternal genome. Genetic studies have demonstrated that single nucleotide polymorphisms in H2BFWT (notably the –9C>T and 368A>G variants) are associated with reduced translational efficiency, lower protein expression, impaired sperm parameters, and an increased risk of idiopathic infertility ["}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_fs", "start_ref": "1", "end_ref": "5"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "]. Moreover, environmental factors such as tobacco smoke can downregulate H2BFWT mRNA expression, which is linked to compromised sperm quality and increased DNA damage ["}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_f", "ref": "6"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "]. Biochemical analyses have revealed that while H2BFWT can substitute for conventional H2B within the nucleosome without altering the overall nucleosome structure or stability, its highly divergent N-terminal tail fails to recruit chromosome condensation factors, suggesting a role as a specific epigenetic marker in sperm chromatin ["}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_f", "ref": "7"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "]. Collectively, these findings underscore the dual structural and regulatory roles of H2BFWT in chromatin remodeling during spermiogenesis and its impact on male fertility.\n "}]}, {"type": "rg", "children": [{"type": "r", "ref": 1, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Jinu Lee, Hee Suk Park, Hwan Hee Kim, et al. 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