KIR2DS2 Gene

HGNC Family	Immunoglobulin superfamily domain containing, Killer cell immunoglobulin-like receptors (KIR), CD molecules (CD)
Name	killer cell immunoglobulin-like receptor, two domains, short cytoplasmic tail, 2
Description	Killer cell immunoglobulin-like receptors (KIRs) are transmembrane glycoproteins expressed by natural killer cells and subsets of T cells. The KIR genes are polymorphic and highly homologous and they are found in a cluster on chromosome 19q13.4 within the 1 Mb leukocyte receptor complex (LRC). The gene content of the KIR gene cluster varies among haplotypes, although several `framework` genes are found in all haplotypes (KIR3DL3, KIR3DP1, KIR3DL4, KIR3DL2). The KIR proteins are classified by the number of extracellular immunoglobulin domains (2D or 3D) and by whether they have a long (L) or short (S) cytoplasmic domain. KIR proteins with the long cytoplasmic domain transduce inhibitory signals upon ligand binding via an immune tyrosine-based inhibitory motif (ITIM), while KIR proteins with the short cytoplasmic domain lack the ITIM motif and instead associate with the TYRO protein tyrosine kinase binding protein to transduce activating signals. The ligands for several KIR proteins are subsets of HLA class I molecules; thus, KIR proteins are thought to play an important role in regulation of the immune response. This gene represents a haplotype-specific family member that encodes a protein with a short cytoplasmic tail. Alternative splicing results in multiple transcript variants. [provided by RefSeq, Apr 2014]
Summary	{"type": "root", "children": [{"type": "p", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "\nKIR2DS2 is an activating member of the killer cell immunoglobulin‐like receptor family that modulates lymphocyte responses. In autoimmune settings, KIR2DS2 has been identified on CD4⁺CD28⁻ T cell clones isolated from rheumatoid arthritis patients with vasculitis, suggesting its involvement in triggering vascular damage through aberrant T‐cell activation."}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_f", "ref": "1"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "\n"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "\n\n"}, {"type": "p", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "\nGenetic studies have further implicated KIR2DS2 in autoimmune susceptibility. In type 1 diabetes, an increased frequency of the activating KIR2DS2 gene together with its corresponding HLA ligand was observed relative to high-risk controls, indicating that an imbalance favoring activating receptor–ligand pairs may lower the threshold for autoreactive T‐cell responses. Similarly, given the central role of vascular abnormalities in scleroderma, recent investigations are assessing whether the presence of KIR2DS2 is associated with disease risk."}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_f", "ref": "2"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "\n"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "\n\n"}, {"type": "p", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "\nIn the context of viral infections, particularly human cytomegalovirus, KIR2DS2 contributes to the clonal-like expansion and differentiation of natural killer cells. Along with other activating receptors such as KIR2DS4 and KIR3DS1, KIR2DS2 helps shape the NK cell repertoire during CMV infection, thereby potentially enhancing antiviral defense."}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_f", "ref": "4"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "\n"}]}, {"type": "rg", "children": [{"type": "r", "ref": 1, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "J H Yen, B E Moore, T Nakajima, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Major histocompatibility complex class I-recognizing receptors are disease risk genes in rheumatoid arthritis."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "J Exp Med (2001)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1084/jem.193.10.1159"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1084/jem.193.10.1159"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "11369787"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11369787"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 2, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Arno R van der Slik, Bobby P C Koeleman, Willem Verduijn, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "KIR in type 1 diabetes: disparate distribution of activating and inhibitory natural killer cell receptors in patients versus HLA-matched control subjects."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Diabetes (2003)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.2337/diabetes.52.10.2639"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.2337/diabetes.52.10.2639"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "14514651"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/14514651"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 3, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "T Momot, S Koch, N Hunzelmann, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Association of killer cell immunoglobulin-like receptors with scleroderma."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Arthritis Rheum (2004)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1002/art.20216"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1002/art.20216"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "15146426"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/15146426"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 4, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Vivien Béziat, Lisa L Liu, Jenny-Ann Malmberg, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "NK cell responses to cytomegalovirus infection lead to stable imprints in the human KIR repertoire and involve activating KIRs."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Blood (2013)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1182/blood-2012-10-459545"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1182/blood-2012-10-459545"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "23325834"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23325834"}]}]}]}
Synonyms	NKAT-5, CD158J, NKAT5, CL-49, 183ACTI, KIR-2DS2
Proteins	KI2S2_HUMAN
NCBI Gene ID	100132285
API
Download Associations
Predicted Functions
Co-expressed Genes
Expression in Tissues and Cell Lines

Functional Associations

KIR2DS2 has 1,226 functional associations with biological entities spanning 8 categories (molecular profile, organism, chemical, functional term, phrase or reference, disease, phenotype or trait, structural feature, cell line, cell type or tissue, gene, protein or microRNA) extracted from 46 datasets.

Click the + buttons to view associations for KIR2DS2 from the datasets below.

If available, associations are ranked by standardized value

Harmonizome 3.0

KIR2DS2 Gene

Functional Associations

Please acknowledge the Harmonizome in your publications by citing the following reference(s):

	Dataset	Summary
	Achilles Cell Line Gene Essentiality Profiles	cell lines with fitness changed by KIR2DS2 gene knockdown relative to other cell lines from the Achilles Cell Line Gene Essentiality Profiles dataset.
	Allen Brain Atlas Aging Dementia and Traumatic Brain Injury Tissue Sample Gene Expression Profiles	tissue samples with high or low expression of KIR2DS2 gene relative to other tissue samples from the Allen Brain Atlas Aging Dementia and Traumatic Brain Injury Tissue Sample Gene Expression Profiles dataset.
	BioGPS Cell Line Gene Expression Profiles	cell lines with high or low expression of KIR2DS2 gene relative to other cell lines from the BioGPS Cell Line Gene Expression Profiles dataset.
	BioGPS Human Cell Type and Tissue Gene Expression Profiles	cell types and tissues with high or low expression of KIR2DS2 gene relative to other cell types and tissues from the BioGPS Human Cell Type and Tissue Gene Expression Profiles dataset.
	Carcinogenome Chemical Perturbation Carcinogenicity Signatures	small molecule perturbations changing expression of KIR2DS2 gene from the Carcinogenome Chemical Perturbation Carcinogenicity Signatures dataset.
	ChEA Transcription Factor Binding Site Profiles	transcription factor binding site profiles with transcription factor binding evidence at the promoter of KIR2DS2 gene from the CHEA Transcription Factor Binding Site Profiles dataset.
	ChEA Transcription Factor Targets	transcription factors binding the promoter of KIR2DS2 gene in low- or high-throughput transcription factor functional studies from the CHEA Transcription Factor Targets dataset.
	ChEA Transcription Factor Targets 2022	transcription factors binding the promoter of KIR2DS2 gene in low- or high-throughput transcription factor functional studies from the CHEA Transcription Factor Targets 2022 dataset.
	CMAP Signatures of Differentially Expressed Genes for Small Molecules	small molecule perturbations changing expression of KIR2DS2 gene from the CMAP Signatures of Differentially Expressed Genes for Small Molecules dataset.
	COMPARTMENTS Curated Protein Localization Evidence Scores 2025	cellular components containing KIR2DS2 protein from the COMPARTMENTS Curated Protein Localization Evidence Scores 2025 dataset.
	COMPARTMENTS Text-mining Protein Localization Evidence Scores 2025	cellular components co-occuring with KIR2DS2 protein in abstracts of biomedical publications from the COMPARTMENTS Text-mining Protein Localization Evidence Scores 2025 dataset.
	DGIdb Drug Targets 2026	interacting drugs for KIR2DS2 protein from the DGIdb Drug Targets 2026 dataset.
	DisGeNET Gene-Disease Associations	diseases associated with KIR2DS2 gene in GWAS and other genetic association datasets from the DisGeNET Gene-Disease Associations dataset.
	DisGeNET Gene-Phenotype Associations	phenotypes associated with KIR2DS2 gene in GWAS and other genetic association datasets from the DisGeNET Gene-Phenoptype Associations dataset.
	GAD Gene-Disease Associations	diseases associated with KIR2DS2 gene in GWAS and other genetic association datasets from the GAD Gene-Disease Associations dataset.
	GAD High Level Gene-Disease Associations	diseases associated with KIR2DS2 gene in GWAS and other genetic association datasets from the GAD High Level Gene-Disease Associations dataset.
	GDSC Cell Line Gene Expression Profiles	cell lines with high or low expression of KIR2DS2 gene relative to other cell lines from the GDSC Cell Line Gene Expression Profiles dataset.
	GeneRIF Biological Term Annotations	biological terms co-occuring with KIR2DS2 gene in literature-supported statements describing functions of genes from the GeneRIF Biological Term Annotations dataset.
	GEO Signatures of Differentially Expressed Genes for Diseases	disease perturbations changing expression of KIR2DS2 gene from the GEO Signatures of Differentially Expressed Genes for Diseases dataset.
	GEO Signatures of Differentially Expressed Genes for Gene Perturbations	gene perturbations changing expression of KIR2DS2 gene from the GEO Signatures of Differentially Expressed Genes for Gene Perturbations dataset.
	GEO Signatures of Differentially Expressed Genes for Kinase Perturbations	kinase perturbations changing expression of KIR2DS2 gene from the GEO Signatures of Differentially Expressed Genes for Kinase Perturbations dataset.
	GEO Signatures of Differentially Expressed Genes for Small Molecules	small molecule perturbations changing expression of KIR2DS2 gene from the GEO Signatures of Differentially Expressed Genes for Small Molecules dataset.
	GEO Signatures of Differentially Expressed Genes for Transcription Factor Perturbations	transcription factor perturbations changing expression of KIR2DS2 gene from the GEO Signatures of Differentially Expressed Genes for Transcription Factor Perturbations dataset.
	GEO Signatures of Differentially Expressed Genes for Viral Infections	virus perturbations changing expression of KIR2DS2 gene from the GEO Signatures of Differentially Expressed Genes for Viral Infections dataset.
	GO Biological Process Annotations 2023	biological processes involving KIR2DS2 gene from the curated GO Biological Process Annotations 2023 dataset.
	GO Biological Process Annotations 2025	biological processes involving KIR2DS2 gene from the curated GO Biological Process Annotations2025 dataset.
	GWAS Catalog SNP-Phenotype Associations 2025	phenotypes associated with KIR2DS2 gene in GWAS datasets from the GWAS Catalog SNP-Phenotype Associations 2025 dataset.
	HuGE Navigator Gene-Phenotype Associations	phenotypes associated with KIR2DS2 gene by text-mining GWAS publications from the HuGE Navigator Gene-Phenotype Associations dataset.
	InterPro Predicted Protein Domain Annotations	protein domains predicted for KIR2DS2 protein from the InterPro Predicted Protein Domain Annotations dataset.
	JASPAR Predicted Human Transcription Factor Targets 2025	transcription factors regulating expression of KIR2DS2 gene predicted using known transcription factor binding site motifs from the JASPAR Predicted Human Transcription Factor Targets dataset.
	JASPAR Predicted Transcription Factor Targets	transcription factors regulating expression of KIR2DS2 gene predicted using known transcription factor binding site motifs from the JASPAR Predicted Transcription Factor Targets dataset.
	KEGG Pathways	pathways involving KIR2DS2 protein from the KEGG Pathways dataset.
	KEGG Pathways 2026	pathways involving KIR2DS2 protein from the KEGG Pathways 2026 dataset.
	LOCATE Predicted Protein Localization Annotations	cellular components predicted to contain KIR2DS2 protein from the LOCATE Predicted Protein Localization Annotations dataset.
	MSigDB Cancer Gene Co-expression Modules	co-expressed genes for KIR2DS2 from the MSigDB Cancer Gene Co-expression Modules dataset.
	MSigDB Signatures of Differentially Expressed Genes for Cancer Gene Perturbations	gene perturbations changing expression of KIR2DS2 gene from the MSigDB Signatures of Differentially Expressed Genes for Cancer Gene Perturbations dataset.
	Pathway Commons Protein-Protein Interactions	interacting proteins for KIR2DS2 from the Pathway Commons Protein-Protein Interactions dataset.
	PFOCR Pathway Figure Associations 2024	pathways involving KIR2DS2 protein from the Wikipathways PFOCR 2024 dataset.
	Reactome Pathways 2014	pathways involving KIR2DS2 protein from the Reactome Pathways dataset.
	Reactome Pathways 2024	pathways involving KIR2DS2 protein from the Reactome Pathways 2024 dataset.
	Rummagene Transcription Factor Associations 2026	transcription factors regulating expression of KIR2DS2 gene from the Rummagene Transcription Factor Associations 2026 dataset.
	RummaGEO Drug Perturbation Signatures	drug perturbations changing expression of KIR2DS2 gene from the RummaGEO Drug Perturbation Signatures dataset.
	RummaGEO Gene Perturbation Signatures	gene perturbations changing expression of KIR2DS2 gene from the RummaGEO Gene Perturbation Signatures dataset.
	TargetScan Predicted Nonconserved microRNA Targets	microRNAs regulating expression of KIR2DS2 gene predicted using nonconserved miRNA seed sequences from the TargetScan Predicted Nonconserved microRNA Targets dataset.
	TISSUES Curated Tissue Protein Expression Evidence Scores 2025	tissues with high expression of KIR2DS2 protein from the TISSUES Curated Tissue Protein Expression Evidence Scores 2025 dataset.
	TISSUES Text-mining Tissue Protein Expression Evidence Scores 2025	tissues co-occuring with KIR2DS2 protein in abstracts of biomedical publications from the TISSUES Text-mining Tissue Protein Expression Evidence Scores 2025 dataset.