KRTAP4-4 Gene

HGNC Family	Keratin associated proteins (KRTAP)
Name	keratin associated protein 4-4
Description	This protein is a member of the keratin-associated protein (KAP) family. The KAP proteins form a matrix of keratin intermediate filaments which contribute to the structure of hair fibers. KAP family members appear to have unique, family-specific amino- and carboxyl-terminal regions and are subdivided into three multi-gene families according to amino acid composition: the high sulfur, the ultrahigh sulfur, and the high tyrosine/glycine KAPs. This protein is a member of the ultrahigh sulfur KAP family and the gene is localized to a cluster of KAPs at 17q12-q21. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]
Summary	{"type": "root", "children": [{"type": "p", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "\n A review of the four studies indicates that none of the abstracts explicitly investigate or report on the biological role of "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "KRTAP4-4"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": ". In other work, "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "KRTAP4-4"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " is recognized as a member of the keratin‐associated protein family, a group of proteins known to interact with keratin intermediate filaments and contribute to the structural properties of hair fibers. Although the studies summarized here focus on diverse high‐throughput analyses—ranging from extracting broad transcriptional signatures from microarray data (1), mapping ethnicity‐specific single‐nucleotide polymorphisms (2), to constructing detailed proteomic landscapes of ciliary networks (3) and performing a genome‐wide association study related to body mass in the context of alcohol dependence (4)—none provide specific functional data or insights regarding "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "KRTAP4-4"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": ". Thus, while the collective methodologies of these studies underscore the power of integrative and systems‐based approaches in biomedical research, further dedicated experimental investigations would be required to determine the precise role and regulation of "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "KRTAP4-4"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " in its native biological context.\n "}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "\n "}, {"type": "p", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "\n (1)"}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_f", "ref": "1"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": ", (2)"}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_f", "ref": "2"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": ", (3)"}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_f", "ref": "3"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": ", (4)."}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_f", "ref": "4"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": ""}]}, {"type": "rg", "children": [{"type": "r", "ref": 1, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Fabrice Lopez, Julien Textoris, Aurélie Bergon, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "TranscriptomeBrowser: a powerful and flexible toolbox to explore productively the transcriptional landscape of the Gene Expression Omnibus database."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "PLoS One (2008)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1371/journal.pone.0004001"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0004001"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "19104654"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19104654"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 2, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Hyoyoung Kim, Won Gi Yoo, Junhyung Park, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Semantic Modeling for SNPs Associated with Ethnic Disparities in HapMap Samples."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Genomics Inform (2014)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.5808/GI.2014.12.1.35"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.5808/GI.2014.12.1.35"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "24748859"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24748859"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 3, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Karsten Boldt, Jeroen van Reeuwijk, Qianhao Lu, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "An organelle-specific protein landscape identifies novel diseases and molecular mechanisms."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Nat Commun (2016)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1038/ncomms11491"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1038/ncomms11491"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "27173435"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27173435"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 4, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Renato Polimanti, Huiping Zhang, Andrew H Smith, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Genome-wide association study of body mass index in subjects with alcohol dependence."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Addict Biol (2017)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1111/adb.12317"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1111/adb.12317"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "26458734"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26458734"}]}]}]}
Synonyms	KRTAP4-13, KRTAP4.13, KRTAP4.4, KAP4.13, KAP4.4
Proteins	KRA44_HUMAN
NCBI Gene ID	84616
API
Download Associations
Predicted Functions
Co-expressed Genes
Expression in Tissues and Cell Lines

Functional Associations

KRTAP4-4 has 1,001 functional associations with biological entities spanning 8 categories (molecular profile, organism, functional term, phrase or reference, disease, phenotype or trait, chemical, structural feature, cell line, cell type or tissue, gene, protein or microRNA) extracted from 49 datasets.

Click the + buttons to view associations for KRTAP4-4 from the datasets below.

If available, associations are ranked by standardized value

Harmonizome 3.0

KRTAP4-4 Gene

Functional Associations

Please acknowledge the Harmonizome in your publications by citing the following reference(s):

	Dataset	Summary
	Allen Brain Atlas Adult Human Brain Tissue Gene Expression Profiles	tissues with high or low expression of KRTAP4-4 gene relative to other tissues from the Allen Brain Atlas Adult Human Brain Tissue Gene Expression Profiles dataset.
	Allen Brain Atlas Aging Dementia and Traumatic Brain Injury Tissue Sample Gene Expression Profiles	tissue samples with high or low expression of KRTAP4-4 gene relative to other tissue samples from the Allen Brain Atlas Aging Dementia and Traumatic Brain Injury Tissue Sample Gene Expression Profiles dataset.
	Allen Brain Atlas Developing Human Brain Tissue Gene Expression Profiles by Microarray	tissue samples with high or low expression of KRTAP4-4 gene relative to other tissue samples from the Allen Brain Atlas Developing Human Brain Tissue Gene Expression Profiles by Microarray dataset.
	Allen Brain Atlas Prenatal Human Brain Tissue Gene Expression Profiles	tissues with high or low expression of KRTAP4-4 gene relative to other tissues from the Allen Brain Atlas Prenatal Human Brain Tissue Gene Expression Profiles dataset.
	BioGPS Human Cell Type and Tissue Gene Expression Profiles	cell types and tissues with high or low expression of KRTAP4-4 gene relative to other cell types and tissues from the BioGPS Human Cell Type and Tissue Gene Expression Profiles dataset.
	CCLE Cell Line Gene CNV Profiles	cell lines with high or low copy number of KRTAP4-4 gene relative to other cell lines from the CCLE Cell Line Gene CNV Profiles dataset.
	CCLE Cell Line Gene Expression Profiles	cell lines with high or low expression of KRTAP4-4 gene relative to other cell lines from the CCLE Cell Line Gene Expression Profiles dataset.
	ChEA Transcription Factor Binding Site Profiles	transcription factor binding site profiles with transcription factor binding evidence at the promoter of KRTAP4-4 gene from the CHEA Transcription Factor Binding Site Profiles dataset.
	ChEA Transcription Factor Targets	transcription factors binding the promoter of KRTAP4-4 gene in low- or high-throughput transcription factor functional studies from the CHEA Transcription Factor Targets dataset.
	ChEA Transcription Factor Targets 2022	transcription factors binding the promoter of KRTAP4-4 gene in low- or high-throughput transcription factor functional studies from the CHEA Transcription Factor Targets 2022 dataset.
	COMPARTMENTS Curated Protein Localization Evidence Scores	cellular components containing KRTAP4-4 protein from the COMPARTMENTS Curated Protein Localization Evidence Scores dataset.
	COMPARTMENTS Text-mining Protein Localization Evidence Scores 2025	cellular components co-occuring with KRTAP4-4 protein in abstracts of biomedical publications from the COMPARTMENTS Text-mining Protein Localization Evidence Scores 2025 dataset.
	COSMIC Cell Line Gene CNV Profiles	cell lines with high or low copy number of KRTAP4-4 gene relative to other cell lines from the COSMIC Cell Line Gene CNV Profiles dataset.
	COSMIC Cell Line Gene Mutation Profiles	cell lines with KRTAP4-4 gene mutations from the COSMIC Cell Line Gene Mutation Profiles dataset.
	DepMap CRISPR Gene Dependency	cell lines with fitness changed by KRTAP4-4 gene knockdown relative to other cell lines from the DepMap CRISPR Gene Dependency dataset.
	DISEASES Text-mining Gene-Disease Association Evidence Scores 2025	diseases co-occuring with KRTAP4-4 gene in abstracts of biomedical publications from the DISEASES Text-mining Gene-Disease Assocation Evidence Scores 2025 dataset.
	ENCODE Histone Modification Site Profiles	histone modification site profiles with high histone modification abundance at KRTAP4-4 gene from the ENCODE Histone Modification Site Profiles dataset.
	ENCODE Transcription Factor Binding Site Profiles	transcription factor binding site profiles with transcription factor binding evidence at the promoter of KRTAP4-4 gene from the ENCODE Transcription Factor Binding Site Profiles dataset.
	ENCODE Transcription Factor Targets	transcription factors binding the promoter of KRTAP4-4 gene in ChIP-seq datasets from the ENCODE Transcription Factor Targets dataset.
	ESCAPE Omics Signatures of Genes and Proteins for Stem Cells	PubMedIDs of publications reporting gene signatures containing KRTAP4-4 from the ESCAPE Omics Signatures of Genes and Proteins for Stem Cells dataset.
	GeneSigDB Published Gene Signatures	PubMedIDs of publications reporting gene signatures containing KRTAP4-4 from the GeneSigDB Published Gene Signatures dataset.
	GEO Signatures of Differentially Expressed Genes for Diseases	disease perturbations changing expression of KRTAP4-4 gene from the GEO Signatures of Differentially Expressed Genes for Diseases dataset.
	GEO Signatures of Differentially Expressed Genes for Gene Perturbations	gene perturbations changing expression of KRTAP4-4 gene from the GEO Signatures of Differentially Expressed Genes for Gene Perturbations dataset.
	GEO Signatures of Differentially Expressed Genes for Small Molecules	small molecule perturbations changing expression of KRTAP4-4 gene from the GEO Signatures of Differentially Expressed Genes for Small Molecules dataset.
	GEO Signatures of Differentially Expressed Genes for Transcription Factor Perturbations	transcription factor perturbations changing expression of KRTAP4-4 gene from the GEO Signatures of Differentially Expressed Genes for Transcription Factor Perturbations dataset.
	GEO Signatures of Differentially Expressed Genes for Viral Infections	virus perturbations changing expression of KRTAP4-4 gene from the GEO Signatures of Differentially Expressed Genes for Viral Infections dataset.
	GO Cellular Component Annotations 2015	cellular components containing KRTAP4-4 protein from the curated GO Cellular Component Annotations 2015 dataset.
	GTEx Tissue Gene Expression Profiles	tissues with high or low expression of KRTAP4-4 gene relative to other tissues from the GTEx Tissue Gene Expression Profiles dataset.
	GTEx Tissue Gene Expression Profiles 2023	tissues with high or low expression of KRTAP4-4 gene relative to other tissues from the GTEx Tissue Gene Expression Profiles 2023 dataset.
	Heiser et al., PNAS, 2011 Cell Line Gene Expression Profiles	cell lines with high or low expression of KRTAP4-4 gene relative to other cell lines from the Heiser et al., PNAS, 2011 Cell Line Gene Expression Profiles dataset.
	InterPro Predicted Protein Domain Annotations	protein domains predicted for KRTAP4-4 protein from the InterPro Predicted Protein Domain Annotations dataset.
	JASPAR Predicted Human Transcription Factor Targets 2025	transcription factors regulating expression of KRTAP4-4 gene predicted using known transcription factor binding site motifs from the JASPAR Predicted Human Transcription Factor Targets dataset.
	JASPAR Predicted Transcription Factor Targets	transcription factors regulating expression of KRTAP4-4 gene predicted using known transcription factor binding site motifs from the JASPAR Predicted Transcription Factor Targets dataset.
	Klijn et al., Nat. Biotechnol., 2015 Cell Line Gene CNV Profiles	cell lines with high or low copy number of KRTAP4-4 gene relative to other cell lines from the Klijn et al., Nat. Biotechnol., 2015 Cell Line Gene CNV Profiles dataset.
	Klijn et al., Nat. Biotechnol., 2015 Cell Line Gene Mutation Profiles	cell lines with KRTAP4-4 gene mutations from the Klijn et al., Nat. Biotechnol., 2015 Cell Line Gene Mutation Profiles dataset.
	KnockTF Gene Expression Profiles with Transcription Factor Perturbations	transcription factor perturbations changing expression of KRTAP4-4 gene from the KnockTF Gene Expression Profiles with Transcription Factor Perturbations dataset.
	LOCATE Predicted Protein Localization Annotations	cellular components predicted to contain KRTAP4-4 protein from the LOCATE Predicted Protein Localization Annotations dataset.
	MiRTarBase microRNA Targets	microRNAs targeting KRTAP4-4 gene in low- or high-throughput microRNA targeting studies from the MiRTarBase microRNA Targets dataset.
	MotifMap Predicted Transcription Factor Targets	transcription factors regulating expression of KRTAP4-4 gene predicted using known transcription factor binding site motifs from the MotifMap Predicted Transcription Factor Targets dataset.
	Reactome Pathways 2024	pathways involving KRTAP4-4 protein from the Reactome Pathways 2024 dataset.
	Roadmap Epigenomics Histone Modification Site Profiles	histone modification site profiles with high histone modification abundance at KRTAP4-4 gene from the Roadmap Epigenomics Histone Modification Site Profiles dataset.
	RummaGEO Drug Perturbation Signatures	drug perturbations changing expression of KRTAP4-4 gene from the RummaGEO Drug Perturbation Signatures dataset.
	RummaGEO Gene Perturbation Signatures	gene perturbations changing expression of KRTAP4-4 gene from the RummaGEO Gene Perturbation Signatures dataset.
	TargetScan Predicted Conserved microRNA Targets	microRNAs regulating expression of KRTAP4-4 gene predicted using conserved miRNA seed sequences from the TargetScan Predicted Conserved microRNA Targets dataset.
	TargetScan Predicted Nonconserved microRNA Targets	microRNAs regulating expression of KRTAP4-4 gene predicted using nonconserved miRNA seed sequences from the TargetScan Predicted Nonconserved microRNA Targets dataset.
	TCGA Signatures of Differentially Expressed Genes for Tumors	tissue samples with high or low expression of KRTAP4-4 gene relative to other tissue samples from the TCGA Signatures of Differentially Expressed Genes for Tumors dataset.
	TISSUES Curated Tissue Protein Expression Evidence Scores	tissues with high expression of KRTAP4-4 protein from the TISSUES Curated Tissue Protein Expression Evidence Scores dataset.
	TISSUES Curated Tissue Protein Expression Evidence Scores 2025	tissues with high expression of KRTAP4-4 protein from the TISSUES Curated Tissue Protein Expression Evidence Scores 2025 dataset.
	TISSUES Text-mining Tissue Protein Expression Evidence Scores 2025	tissues co-occuring with KRTAP4-4 protein in abstracts of biomedical publications from the TISSUES Text-mining Tissue Protein Expression Evidence Scores 2025 dataset.