| HGNC Family | Homeoboxes |
| Name | leucine twenty homeobox |
| Description | Predicted to enable DNA-binding transcription factor activity, RNA polymerase II-specific and RNA polymerase II cis-regulatory region sequence-specific DNA binding activity. Predicted to be involved in regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II. Predicted to be located in chromatin. Predicted to be active in nucleus. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Mar 2025] |
| Summary |
{"type": "root", "children": [{"type": "p", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "\n LEUTX is a primate‐ and eutherian‐specific paired‐like homeobox gene whose normal function is restricted to early human embryogenesis. In its native context, the full homeodomain‐containing isoform of LEUTX acts as a potent transcriptional activator targeting TAATCC‐containing promoters, thereby initiating a cascade of gene expression that underlies embryonic genome activation (EGA) at the 4‐cell stage and contributes to subsequent events—such as the transition toward blastocyst formation—in which early developmental gene expression programs are both activated and later repressed."}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_fs", "start_ref": "1", "end_ref": "3"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "\n "}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "\n "}, {"type": "p", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "\n Beyond its physiological role in early development, LEUTX is implicated in pathological transcriptional dysregulation. Aberrant activation by oncogenic fusion events has been described in distinct tumor contexts. For example, fusion of the homeobox portion of LEUTX with genes encoding transcriptional coactivators—such as the KAT6A–LEUTX fusion in therapy‐related acute myeloid leukemia and the BRD4–LEUTX fusion in malignant epithelioid neoplasms—results in deregulated transcription that contributes to leukemogenesis and tumorigenesis."}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_f", "ref": "4"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "\n "}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "\n "}, {"type": "p", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "\n Furthermore, LEUTX is coexpressed with other DUX4 target genes in facioscapulohumeral muscular dystrophy (FSHD), where even limited DUX4 expression in individual myonuclei can trigger a self-sustaining network of downstream gene activation that includes LEUTX, thereby reinforcing pathogenic transcriptional dysregulation in affected muscle fibers."}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_f", "ref": "6"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "\n "}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "\n "}, {"type": "p", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "\n Together, these findings underscore the dual nature of LEUTX: it is indispensable for the proper activation of embryonic gene networks during the earliest stages of human development, while its misappropriation through fusion or deregulated expression can drive oncogenic and myopathic processes.\n "}]}, {"type": "rg", "children": [{"type": "r", "ref": 1, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Eeva-Mari Jouhilahti, Elo Madissoon, Liselotte Vesterlund, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "The human PRD-like homeobox gene LEUTX has a central role in embryo genome activation."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Development (2016)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1242/dev.134510"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1242/dev.134510"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "27578796"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27578796"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 2, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Shintaro Katayama, Vipin Ranga, Eeva-Mari Jouhilahti, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Phylogenetic and mutational analyses of human LEUTX, a homeobox gene implicated in embryogenesis."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Sci Rep (2018)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1038/s41598-018-35547-5"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-018-35547-5"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "30479355"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30479355"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 3, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Thomas D Lewin, Ali A Fouladi-Nashta, Peter W H Holland "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "PRD-Class Homeobox Genes in Bovine Early Embryos: Function, Evolution, and Overlapping Roles."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Mol Biol Evol (2022)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1093/molbev/msac098"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1093/molbev/msac098"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "35512670"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35512670"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 4, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Ioannis Panagopoulos, Kristin Andersen, Lloyd Frode Ramslien, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Therapy-related Myeloid Leukemia With the Translocation t(8;19)(p11;q13) Leading to a "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "i"}], "href": "i"}, {"type": "t", "text": "KAT6A-LEUTX"}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "/i"}], "href": "/i"}, {"type": "t", "text": " Fusion Gene."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Anticancer Res (2021)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.21873/anticanres.14940"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.21873/anticanres.14940"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "33813379"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33813379"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 5, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Sabina Barresi, Isabella Giovannoni, Sabrina Rossi, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "A novel BRD4-LEUTX fusion in a pediatric sarcoma with epithelioid morphology and diffuse S100 expression."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Genes Chromosomes Cancer (2021)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1002/gcc.22974"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1002/gcc.22974"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "34041805"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34041805"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 6, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Jonathan Chau, Xiangduo Kong, Nam Viet Nguyen, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Relationship of DUX4 and target gene expression in FSHD myocytes."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Hum Mutat (2021)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1002/humu.24171"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1002/humu.24171"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "33502067"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33502067"}]}]}]}
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| Proteins | LEUTX_HUMAN |
| NCBI Gene ID | 342900 |
| API | |
| Download Associations | |
| Predicted Functions |
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| Co-expressed Genes |
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| Expression in Tissues and Cell Lines |
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LEUTX has 978 functional associations with biological entities spanning 8 categories (molecular profile, organism, functional term, phrase or reference, disease, phenotype or trait, chemical, structural feature, cell line, cell type or tissue, gene, protein or microRNA) extracted from 55 datasets.
Click the + buttons to view associations for LEUTX from the datasets below.
If available, associations are ranked by standardized value
| Dataset | Summary | |
|---|---|---|
| Allen Brain Atlas Aging Dementia and Traumatic Brain Injury Tissue Sample Gene Expression Profiles | tissue samples with high or low expression of LEUTX gene relative to other tissue samples from the Allen Brain Atlas Aging Dementia and Traumatic Brain Injury Tissue Sample Gene Expression Profiles dataset. | |
| Allen Brain Atlas Prenatal Human Brain Tissue Gene Expression Profiles | tissues with high or low expression of LEUTX gene relative to other tissues from the Allen Brain Atlas Prenatal Human Brain Tissue Gene Expression Profiles dataset. | |
| CCLE Cell Line Gene CNV Profiles | cell lines with high or low copy number of LEUTX gene relative to other cell lines from the CCLE Cell Line Gene CNV Profiles dataset. | |
| ChEA Transcription Factor Binding Site Profiles | transcription factor binding site profiles with transcription factor binding evidence at the promoter of LEUTX gene from the CHEA Transcription Factor Binding Site Profiles dataset. | |
| ChEA Transcription Factor Targets | transcription factors binding the promoter of LEUTX gene in low- or high-throughput transcription factor functional studies from the CHEA Transcription Factor Targets dataset. | |
| ChEA Transcription Factor Targets 2022 | transcription factors binding the promoter of LEUTX gene in low- or high-throughput transcription factor functional studies from the CHEA Transcription Factor Targets 2022 dataset. | |
| CM4AI KOLF21J CRISPRi Gene Perturbation Atlas | gene perturbations changing expression of LEUTX gene from the CM4AI KOLF21J CRISPRi Gene Perturbation Atlas dataset. | |
| COMPARTMENTS Curated Protein Localization Evidence Scores | cellular components containing LEUTX protein from the COMPARTMENTS Curated Protein Localization Evidence Scores dataset. | |
| COMPARTMENTS Curated Protein Localization Evidence Scores 2025 | cellular components containing LEUTX protein from the COMPARTMENTS Curated Protein Localization Evidence Scores 2025 dataset. | |
| COMPARTMENTS Experimental Protein Localization Evidence Scores | cellular components containing LEUTX protein in low- or high-throughput protein localization assays from the COMPARTMENTS Experimental Protein Localization Evidence Scores dataset. | |
| COMPARTMENTS Experimental Protein Localization Evidence Scores 2025 | cellular components containing LEUTX protein in low- or high-throughput protein localization assays from the COMPARTMENTS Experimental Protein Localization Evidence Scores 2025 dataset. | |
| COMPARTMENTS Text-mining Protein Localization Evidence Scores 2025 | cellular components co-occuring with LEUTX protein in abstracts of biomedical publications from the COMPARTMENTS Text-mining Protein Localization Evidence Scores 2025 dataset. | |
| COSMIC Cell Line Gene CNV Profiles | cell lines with high or low copy number of LEUTX gene relative to other cell lines from the COSMIC Cell Line Gene CNV Profiles dataset. | |
| COSMIC Cell Line Gene Mutation Profiles | cell lines with LEUTX gene mutations from the COSMIC Cell Line Gene Mutation Profiles dataset. | |
| dbGAP Gene-Trait Associations | traits associated with LEUTX gene in GWAS and other genetic association datasets from the dbGAP Gene-Trait Associations dataset. | |
| DISEASES Experimental Gene-Disease Association Evidence Scores 2025 | diseases associated with LEUTX gene in GWAS datasets from the DISEASES Experimental Gene-Disease Assocation Evidence Scores 2025 dataset. | |
| DISEASES Text-mining Gene-Disease Association Evidence Scores | diseases co-occuring with LEUTX gene in abstracts of biomedical publications from the DISEASES Text-mining Gene-Disease Assocation Evidence Scores dataset. | |
| DISEASES Text-mining Gene-Disease Association Evidence Scores 2025 | diseases co-occuring with LEUTX gene in abstracts of biomedical publications from the DISEASES Text-mining Gene-Disease Assocation Evidence Scores 2025 dataset. | |
| DisGeNET Gene-Disease Associations | diseases associated with LEUTX gene in GWAS and other genetic association datasets from the DisGeNET Gene-Disease Associations dataset. | |
| ENCODE Histone Modification Site Profiles | histone modification site profiles with high histone modification abundance at LEUTX gene from the ENCODE Histone Modification Site Profiles dataset. | |
| ENCODE Transcription Factor Binding Site Profiles | transcription factor binding site profiles with transcription factor binding evidence at the promoter of LEUTX gene from the ENCODE Transcription Factor Binding Site Profiles dataset. | |
| ENCODE Transcription Factor Targets | transcription factors binding the promoter of LEUTX gene in ChIP-seq datasets from the ENCODE Transcription Factor Targets dataset. | |
| GAD Gene-Disease Associations | diseases associated with LEUTX gene in GWAS and other genetic association datasets from the GAD Gene-Disease Associations dataset. | |
| GEO Signatures of Differentially Expressed Genes for Viral Infections | virus perturbations changing expression of LEUTX gene from the GEO Signatures of Differentially Expressed Genes for Viral Infections dataset. | |
| GO Biological Process Annotations 2015 | biological processes involving LEUTX gene from the curated GO Biological Process Annotations 2015 dataset. | |
| GO Biological Process Annotations 2023 | biological processes involving LEUTX gene from the curated GO Biological Process Annotations 2023 dataset. | |
| GO Biological Process Annotations 2025 | biological processes involving LEUTX gene from the curated GO Biological Process Annotations2025 dataset. | |
| GO Cellular Component Annotations 2015 | cellular components containing LEUTX protein from the curated GO Cellular Component Annotations 2015 dataset. | |
| GO Cellular Component Annotations 2023 | cellular components containing LEUTX protein from the curated GO Cellular Component Annotations 2023 dataset. | |
| GO Cellular Component Annotations 2025 | cellular components containing LEUTX protein from the curated GO Cellular Component Annotations 2025 dataset. | |
| GO Molecular Function Annotations 2015 | molecular functions performed by LEUTX gene from the curated GO Molecular Function Annotations 2015 dataset. | |
| GO Molecular Function Annotations 2023 | molecular functions performed by LEUTX gene from the curated GO Molecular Function Annotations 2023 dataset. | |
| GO Molecular Function Annotations 2025 | molecular functions performed by LEUTX gene from the curated GO Molecular Function Annotations 2025 dataset. | |
| GTEx Tissue Gene Expression Profiles 2023 | tissues with high or low expression of LEUTX gene relative to other tissues from the GTEx Tissue Gene Expression Profiles 2023 dataset. | |
| GWAS Catalog SNP-Phenotype Associations 2025 | phenotypes associated with LEUTX gene in GWAS datasets from the GWAS Catalog SNP-Phenotype Associations 2025 dataset. | |
| GWASdb SNP-Disease Associations | diseases associated with LEUTX gene in GWAS and other genetic association datasets from the GWASdb SNP-Disease Associations dataset. | |
| GWASdb SNP-Phenotype Associations | phenotypes associated with LEUTX gene in GWAS datasets from the GWASdb SNP-Phenotype Associations dataset. | |
| HPA Tissue Protein Expression Profiles | tissues with high or low expression of LEUTX protein relative to other tissues from the HPA Tissue Protein Expression Profiles dataset. | |
| HuGE Navigator Gene-Phenotype Associations | phenotypes associated with LEUTX gene by text-mining GWAS publications from the HuGE Navigator Gene-Phenotype Associations dataset. | |
| InterPro Predicted Protein Domain Annotations | protein domains predicted for LEUTX protein from the InterPro Predicted Protein Domain Annotations dataset. | |
| JASPAR Predicted Human Transcription Factor Targets 2025 | transcription factors regulating expression of LEUTX gene predicted using known transcription factor binding site motifs from the JASPAR Predicted Human Transcription Factor Targets dataset. | |
| JASPAR Predicted Transcription Factor Targets | transcription factors regulating expression of LEUTX gene predicted using known transcription factor binding site motifs from the JASPAR Predicted Transcription Factor Targets dataset. | |
| Klijn et al., Nat. Biotechnol., 2015 Cell Line Gene CNV Profiles | cell lines with high or low copy number of LEUTX gene relative to other cell lines from the Klijn et al., Nat. Biotechnol., 2015 Cell Line Gene CNV Profiles dataset. | |
| LOCATE Predicted Protein Localization Annotations | cellular components predicted to contain LEUTX protein from the LOCATE Predicted Protein Localization Annotations dataset. | |
| PerturbAtlas Signatures of Differentially Expressed Genes for Gene Perturbations | gene perturbations changing expression of LEUTX gene from the PerturbAtlas Signatures of Differentially Expressed Genes for Gene Perturbations dataset. | |
| Reactome Pathways 2024 | pathways involving LEUTX protein from the Reactome Pathways 2024 dataset. | |
| Roadmap Epigenomics Histone Modification Site Profiles | histone modification site profiles with high histone modification abundance at LEUTX gene from the Roadmap Epigenomics Histone Modification Site Profiles dataset. | |
| Rummagene Transcription Factor Associations 2026 | transcription factors regulating expression of LEUTX gene from the Rummagene Transcription Factor Associations 2026 dataset. | |
| RummaGEO Drug Perturbation Signatures | drug perturbations changing expression of LEUTX gene from the RummaGEO Drug Perturbation Signatures dataset. | |
| RummaGEO Gene Perturbation Signatures | gene perturbations changing expression of LEUTX gene from the RummaGEO Gene Perturbation Signatures dataset. | |
| TCGA Signatures of Differentially Expressed Genes for Tumors | tissue samples with high or low expression of LEUTX gene relative to other tissue samples from the TCGA Signatures of Differentially Expressed Genes for Tumors dataset. | |
| TISSUES Experimental Tissue Protein Expression Evidence Scores 2025 | tissues with high expression of LEUTX protein in proteomics datasets from the TISSUES Experimental Tissue Protein Expression Evidence Scores 2025 dataset. | |
| TISSUES Text-mining Tissue Protein Expression Evidence Scores | tissues co-occuring with LEUTX protein in abstracts of biomedical publications from the TISSUES Text-mining Tissue Protein Expression Evidence Scores dataset. | |
| TISSUES Text-mining Tissue Protein Expression Evidence Scores 2025 | tissues co-occuring with LEUTX protein in abstracts of biomedical publications from the TISSUES Text-mining Tissue Protein Expression Evidence Scores 2025 dataset. | |
| WikiPathways Pathways 2024 | pathways involving LEUTX protein from the WikiPathways Pathways 2024 dataset. | |
