{"type": "root", "children": [{"type": "p", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "\n LINC00355 is emerging as an oncogenic long non‐coding RNA whose overexpression contributes to tumor progression in a range of malignancies. In bladder cancer, for example, LINC00355 is not only identified among a panel of dysregulated lncRNAs but is also delivered via cancer‐associated fibroblast (CAF)–derived exosomes. These exosomal transcripts enhance cancer cell proliferation and invasion and can even promote cisplatin resistance by sponging microRNAs such as miR‐34b‑5p to upregulate drug efflux transporters like ABCB1, or by modulating the miR‐424‑5p/ HMGA2 and miR‐15a‑5p/ HMGA2 axes."}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_fs", "start_ref": "1", "end_ref": "5"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": ""}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "\n \n "}, {"type": "p", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "\n In lung cancers, LINC00355 exerts oncogenic effects by sequestering miR‐195 in lung adenocarcinoma—thereby indirectly enhancing expression of cell cycle drivers such as cyclin E1—and by acting as a competing endogenous RNA (ceRNA) for miR‐466 in lung squamous cell carcinoma to modulate LYAR levels."}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_f", "ref": "6"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": ""}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "\n \n "}, {"type": "p", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "\n In glioma, elevated LINC00355 promotes cell proliferation, migration, and invasion while inhibiting apoptosis through its competitive binding to miR‐1225, which results in increased expression of FNDC3B."}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_f", "ref": "8"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " In gastric cancer, LINC00355 is overexpressed and supports tumorigenesis via at least two mechanisms: it sponges miR‐15a‑5p to upregulate PHF19, and a nuclear pool of LINC00355 acts as a transcriptional activator that increases RAD18 and UBE3C expression, thereby accelerating p53 ubiquitination and degradation."}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_fs", "start_ref": "9", "end_ref": "11"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": ""}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "\n \n "}, {"type": "p", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "\n Additional studies have revealed that LINC00355 functions as a ceRNA in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma by binding miR‐195 to enhance HOXA10 expression, and it is implicated in prostate cancer where its expression within ceRNA networks correlates with poor overall survival."}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_fs", "start_ref": "12", "end_ref": "15"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": ""}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "\n \n "}, {"type": "p", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "\n In colon cancer and colon adenocarcinoma, LINC00355 has been identified as a key regulator within ceRNA networks; it promotes cell proliferation, migration, and invasion by stabilizing GEFT mRNA and interacting with factors such as IGFBP2, while its aberrant expression is linked to activation of MAPK signaling and poorer patient outcomes."}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_fs", "start_ref": "16", "end_ref": "19"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": ""}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "\n \n "}, {"type": "p", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "\n In breast cancer, upregulation of LINC00355 in late‐stage relapse has been shown to enhance cellular invasion and proliferation via binding to MENIN and altering promoter occupancy at CDKN1B to decrease p27 expression."}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_f", "ref": "20"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " Moreover, emerging evidence from studies in sepsis, viral infection, and even microbiota‐mediated pathways suggests that LINC00355 may have broader roles in modulating gene expression networks beyond classical oncogenic processes."}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_fs", "start_ref": "21", "end_ref": "23"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " \n "}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "\n \n "}, {"type": "p", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "\n Overall, these findings indicate that LINC00355 contributes to tumor growth, invasion, metastasis, and drug resistance by acting as a molecular sponge for various tumor‐suppressive microRNAs and by regulating key oncogenic signaling pathways. Its consistent association with advanced disease and poor prognosis across multiple cancer types underscores its potential as a diagnostic biomarker and a therapeutic target.\n "}]}, {"type": "rg", "children": [{"type": "r", "ref": 1, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Anna Katharina Seitz, Lise Lotte Christensen, Emil Christensen, et al. 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"}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "LncRNA LINC00355 promotes EMT and metastasis of bladder cancer cells through the miR-424-5p/HMGA2 axis."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Neoplasma (2021)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.4149/neo_2021_210427N574"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.4149/neo_2021_210427N574"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "34641698"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34641698"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 5, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Yangyang Zhang, Guangyue Luo, Shinian You, et al. 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