{"type": "root", "children": [{"type": "p", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "\n LINC00968 is a long non‐coding RNA with remarkably diverse, context‐dependent functions that have been implicated in multiple disease settings. In lung cancers – including non–small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) and lung squamous cell carcinoma (LUSC) – contrasting roles for LINC00968 have been reported. On one hand, studies in NSCLC have observed that LINC00968 is up‐regulated and functions in a pro‐tumorigenic manner by promoting cell growth, migration, invasion, and resistance to apoptosis potentially through modulation of apoptotic proteins and through regulation of key signaling cascades such as the Wnt and MAPK pathways."}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_fs", "start_ref": "1", "end_ref": "3"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " Conversely, other investigations in LUAD have shown that LINC00968 is down‐regulated and acts as a tumor suppressor. In these settings, overexpression of LINC00968 is reported to inhibit cell proliferation, migration, invasion and epithelial–mesenchymal transition by serving as a competing endogenous RNA (ceRNA) to sequester oncogenic miRNAs (for example, miR‐21–5p and miR‐22–5p), thereby restoring inhibitory targets such as SMAD7 and CDC14A."}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_fs", "start_ref": "4", "end_ref": "7"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": ""}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "\n \n "}, {"type": "p", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "\n In addition to its roles in lung cancer, LINC00968 appears to contribute to oncogenesis in other tumor types. In osteosarcoma and epithelial ovarian cancer, LINC00968 is overexpressed and promotes cell proliferation, migration, invasion, and survival—effects that have been linked to activation of the PI3K/AKT/mTOR and AKT/ERK signaling pathways."}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_f", "ref": "8"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " In breast cancer, however, reduced expression of LINC00968 is associated with poorer prognosis, with its upregulation mitigating drug resistance and aggressive behavior through the inhibition of the Wnt2/β‐catenin pathway."}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_f", "ref": "10"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": ""}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "\n \n "}, {"type": "p", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "\n Beyond neoplasia, LINC00968 has also been linked to non–cancer conditions. In diabetic nephropathy, elevated LINC00968 in high‐glucose–exposed mesangial cells promotes aberrant proliferation and extracellular matrix accumulation by recruiting the chromatin modifier EZH2 to repress p21 expression."}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_f", "ref": "12"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " In coronary artery disease, increased LINC00968 expression in arterial tissues and endothelial cells (particularly under oxidized LDL stimulation) facilitates enhanced cellular proliferation and migration via modulation of miR‐9–3p levels."}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_f", "ref": "13"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " Furthermore, dysregulated LINC00968 expression has been identified in epicardial adipose tissue of patients with coronary artery disease."}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_f", "ref": "14"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": ""}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "\n \n "}, {"type": "p", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "\n LINC00968 is also emerging as a promising biomarker. It has been incorporated into several prognostic risk models based on ferroptosis‐related or m6A–related lncRNA signatures in LUAD"}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_f", "ref": "15"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "and gastric cancer"}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_f", "ref": "16"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": ", and low expression of LINC00968 is associated with unfavorable outcomes in non–smoking female lung cancer patients."}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_f", "ref": "17"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " Additionally, microarray and ceRNA network analyses in NSCLC have highlighted LINC00968 as a candidate with potential therapeutic significance."}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_f", "ref": "18"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "\n "}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "\n \n "}, {"type": "p", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "\n In summary, LINC00968 exhibits pleiotropic functions that vary by tissue type and disease context. It can act as an oncogene or a tumor suppressor in different cancer subtypes by modulating key signaling cascades and functioning as a ceRNA. Its dysregulation is not only critical to cancer progression but also to pathological processes in nonmalignant disorders, making LINC00968 a promising biomarker and potential therapeutic target.\n "}]}, {"type": "rg", "children": [{"type": "r", "ref": 1, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Yíng Wang, Jun Zhou, Yu-Jun Xu, et al. 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