{"type": "root", "children": [{"type": "p", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "\n Recent genomic studies have begun to elucidate novel roles for non‐coding loci in disease, with one emerging candidate being LINC01556. Although early work focused on deep annotation of the human major histocompatibility complex (MHC), providing a high‐resolution map of over 300 loci and extensive variation within the MHC region (1), subsequent epigenetic investigations have expanded our understanding of such loci. Notably, in a study exploring the epigenetic underpinnings of diabetic retinopathy (DR) in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), LINC01556 was identified as part of a three‐gene signature – alongside MESP1 and LY6G6D – whose 5‑hydroxymethylcytosine (5hmC) profiles in circulating cell‑free DNA accurately distinguished DR patients from T2DM controls (2). This finding suggests that modifications at the LINC01556 locus may be associated with the pathogenesis of microvascular complications and might serve as a non‑invasive biomarker for early detection and monitoring of DR. Together, these studies underscore the expanding role of epigenetic markers and non‑coding RNAs like LINC01556 in both genomic annotation and disease diagnostics."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "\n "}, {"type": "p", "children": [{"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_f", "ref": "1"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": ""}]}, {"type": "rg", "children": [{"type": "r", "ref": 1, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Roger Horton, Richard Gibson, Penny Coggill, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Variation analysis and gene annotation of eight MHC haplotypes: the MHC Haplotype Project."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Immunogenetics (2008)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1007/s00251-007-0262-2"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s00251-007-0262-2"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "18193213"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/18193213"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 2, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Liyuan Han, Chang Chen, Xingyu Lu, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Alterations of 5-hydroxymethylcytosines in circulating cell-free DNA reflect retinopathy in type 2 diabetes."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Genomics (2021)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1016/j.ygeno.2020.11.014"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ygeno.2020.11.014"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "33221518"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33221518"}]}]}]}