{"type": "root", "children": [{"type": "p", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "\n The LY6G6 gene sub‐cluster, particularly LY6G6F and LY6G6D, belongs to the Ly6/uPAR superfamily characterized by a conserved three‐fingered fold and, in many cases, glycosylphosphatidylinositol anchoring. Functional studies have demonstrated that proteins such as LY6G6D are expressed on the cell surface—preferentially localizing at the leading edges and filopodia—suggesting roles in cell adhesion, migration, and possibly in regulating hematopoietic cell differentiation through specific ligand interactions."}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_f", "ref": "1"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " In the context of oncology, LY6G6D is overexpressed in colorectal cancer tissues compared with normal colon, with prominent expression in microsatellite-stable and MSI‐low tumors. This tumor‐restricted expression has been exploited in the development of novel immunotherapeutics, including T‐cell‐dependent bispecific antibodies that target a membrane‐proximal epitope of LY6G6D and mediate potent antitumor activity both in vitro and in vivo."}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_f", "ref": "2"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " Furthermore, LY6G6D (often reported together with LY6G6F) has been validated as part of a cell surface marker panel for colorectal cancer detection and, when incorporated into a multi‐gene signature in circulating cell‐free DNA, as a non‐invasive diagnostic biomarker for diabetic retinopathy."}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_f", "ref": "3"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " Collectively, these findings highlight that LY6G6F–LY6G6D proteins play multifaceted roles in modulating cell adhesion and migration and are promising candidates as disease markers and therapeutic targets, especially in the treatment and diagnosis of colorectal cancer and related conditions.\n "}]}, {"type": "rg", "children": [{"type": "r", "ref": 1, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Meera Mallya, R Duncan Campbell, Begoña Aguado "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Characterization of the five novel Ly-6 superfamily members encoded in the MHC, and detection of cells expressing their potential ligands."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Protein Sci (2006)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1110/ps.062242606"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1110/ps.062242606"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "17008713"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/17008713"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 2, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Peiyin Wang, Liping L Sun, Robyn Clark, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Novel Anti-LY6G6D/CD3 T-Cell-Dependent Bispecific Antibody for the Treatment of Colorectal Cancer."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Mol Cancer Ther (2022)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1158/1535-7163.MCT-21-0599"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1158/1535-7163.MCT-21-0599"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "35364611"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35364611"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 3, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Kamini Sewda, Domenico Coppola, Steven Enkemann, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Cell-surface markers for colon adenoma and adenocarcinoma."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Oncotarget (2016)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.18632/oncotarget.7402"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.18632/oncotarget.7402"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "26894861"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26894861"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 4, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Liyuan Han, Chang Chen, Xingyu Lu, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Alterations of 5-hydroxymethylcytosines in circulating cell-free DNA reflect retinopathy in type 2 diabetes."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Genomics (2021)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1016/j.ygeno.2020.11.014"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ygeno.2020.11.014"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "33221518"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33221518"}]}]}]}