{"type": "root", "children": [{"type": "p", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "\nmiR‐1178 (often referred to by its mature form miR‐1178‐3p) is a regulatory microRNA that modulates posttranscriptional gene expression in a context‐dependent manner. Several studies show that its over‐expression in pancreatic cancer cells suppresses the translation of the co‐chaperone CHIP, thereby promoting proliferation, cell cycle progression, migration, and invasion (for example, by reducing a tumor‐suppressive signal), while in the setting of Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection, miR‐1178 over‐expression in human macrophages targeting toll‐like receptor 4 (TLR4) leads to diminished proinflammatory cytokine production and enhanced bacterial survival. Similarly, in nasopharyngeal carcinoma, miR‐1178‐3p acts to promote malignancy by down-regulating the tumor suppressor STK4, resulting in increased cell proliferation, migration and invasion."}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_fs", "start_ref": "1", "end_ref": "3"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "\n"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "\n\n"}, {"type": "p", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "\nIn an independent investigation into neurocognitive function, a genome‐wide association study identified MIR1178 as the microRNA-encoding gene significantly associated with the ability to integrate visual contours—a fundamental process for perceiving continuous shapes in complex visual scenes. This genetic link suggests that, beyond its roles in oncogenic or infectious contexts, miR‐1178 may also participate in normal neuronal signaling and cognitive processing."}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_f", "ref": "4"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "\n"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "\n\n"}, {"type": "p", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "\nConversely, in other tumor models the role of miR‐1178 appears to be tumor suppressive. In hepatocellular carcinoma, for instance, miR‐1178‐3p is down-regulated and its restoration results in inhibited cell proliferation, migration, invasion, and angiogenesis via regulation of the TBL1XR1/PI3K/Akt signaling cascade. Similarly, in papillary thyroid cancer, a regulatory axis exists in which circ_0000144 sponges miR‐1178‐3p; modulation of this axis affects the expression of the oncogenic mediator YWHAH, whereby enhanced miR‐1178‐3p activity is linked to reduced malignancy."}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_f", "ref": "5"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "\n"}]}, {"type": "rg", "children": [{"type": "r", "ref": 1, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Zhe Cao, Jianwei Xu, Hua Huang, et al. 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"}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "MicroRNA-1178-3p suppresses the growth of hepatocellular carcinoma by regulating transducin (beta)-like 1 X-linked receptor 1."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Hum Cell (2021)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1007/s13577-021-00565-5"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s13577-021-00565-5"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "34125401"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34125401"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 6, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Yinli Ma, Dan Yang, Pingan Guo "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Circ_0000144 acts as a miR-1178-3p decoy to promote cell malignancy and angiogenesis by increasing YWHAH expression in papillary thyroid cancer."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "J Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg (2022)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1186/s40463-022-00574-w"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1186/s40463-022-00574-w"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "35902926"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35902926"}]}]}]}