{"type": "root", "children": [{"type": "p", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "\nThe collective findings indicate that MIR1282—associated with components of the transcription/export (TREX) complex, including FMIP and THOC5—plays a pivotal role in coupling transcription elongation to the export of a select subset of mRNAs. Early studies demonstrated that while the THO complex is not essential for bulk polyadenylated mRNA export in higher eukaryotes, it is crucial for the export of specific mRNAs, suggesting that MIR1282-associated factors may modulate RNA processing/export under defined developmental or environmental conditions (see."}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_f", "ref": "1"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "\n"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "\n\n"}, {"type": "p", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "\nAdditional work focusing on FMIP, a protein functionally linked to MIR1282, has shown that its regulation through tyrosine kinase and protein kinase C (PKC) phosphorylation governs its nucleocytoplasmic distribution. This dynamic localization is critical for influencing key signaling pathways; for instance, FMIP phosphorylation impacts cell survival and the balance between adipocytic and myogenic differentiation, with alterations in RNA splicing and processing observed for regulators such as C/EBPα. These studies underscore a mechanism whereby MIR1282-associated proteins affect lineage commitment and differentiation via modulation of mRNA export (see."}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_f", "ref": "3"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "\n"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "\n\n"}, {"type": "p", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "\nMore recent investigations have expanded our understanding of MIR1282’s functional network by revealing that THOC5, another key component of the TREX complex linked to MIR1282 activity, is essential for the export and processing of mRNAs that drive processes such as hematopoietic differentiation and stress response. THOC5-dependent regulation has been implicated not only in the proper expression of developmental transcription factors and immediate-early genes (including those activated by M-CSF) but also in the nuclear export of unspliced viral transcripts. Together, these studies emphasize that MIR1282-associated proteins facilitate a highly selective mRNA export process that directly influences cell differentiation, migration, and even viral gene expression (see."}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_fs", "start_ref": "5", "end_ref": "7"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "\n"}]}, {"type": "rg", "children": [{"type": "r", "ref": 1, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Annalisa Mancini, Susanne C Niemann-Seyde, Rüdiger Pankow, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "THOC5/FMIP, an mRNA export TREX complex protein, is essential for hematopoietic primitive cell survival in vivo."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "BMC Biol (2010)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1186/1741-7007-8-1"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1186/1741-7007-8-1"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "20051105"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/20051105"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 2, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Anuja Guria, Doan Duy Hai Tran, Sheetal Ramachandran, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Identification of mRNAs that are spliced but not exported to the cytoplasm in the absence of THOC5 in mouse embryo fibroblasts."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "RNA (2011)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1261/rna.2607011"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1261/rna.2607011"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "21525145"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21525145"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 3, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Annalisa Mancini, Alexandra Koch, Anthony D Whetton, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "The M-CSF receptor substrate and interacting protein FMIP is governed in its subcellular localization by protein kinase C-mediated phosphorylation, and thereby potentiates M-CSF-mediated differentiation."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Oncogene (2004)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1038/sj.onc.1207841"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1038/sj.onc.1207841"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "15221008"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/15221008"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 4, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "A Mancini, O El Bounkari, A-F Norrenbrock, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "FMIP controls the adipocyte lineage commitment of C2C12 cells by downmodulation of C/EBP alpha."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Oncogene (2007)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1038/sj.onc.1209853"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1038/sj.onc.1209853"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "16909111"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/16909111"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 5, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "D D H Tran, S Saran, O Dittrich-Breiholz, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Transcriptional regulation of immediate-early gene response by THOC5, a member of mRNA export complex, contributes to the M-CSF-induced macrophage differentiation."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Cell Death Dis (2013)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1038/cddis.2013.409"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1038/cddis.2013.409"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "24157873"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24157873"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 6, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Shashank Saran, Doan D H Tran, Sabine Klebba-Färber, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "THOC5, a member of the mRNA export complex, contributes to processing of a subset of wingless/integrated (Wnt) target mRNAs and integrity of the gut epithelial barrier."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "BMC Cell Biol (2013)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1186/1471-2121-14-51"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1186/1471-2121-14-51"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "24267292"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24267292"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 7, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Toshie Sakuma, Jason M Tonne, Yasuhiro Ikeda "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Murine leukemia virus uses TREX components for efficient nuclear export of unspliced viral transcripts."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Viruses (2014)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.3390/v6031135"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.3390/v6031135"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "24618812"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24618812"}]}]}]}