{"type": "root", "children": [{"type": "p", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "\nMIR137HG, the host gene for microRNA‐137, has emerged as an important contributor to neurodevelopmental and neuropsychiatric processes. Variants such as rs1625579 have been implicated in schizophrenia, where they modulate brain structural phenotypes. For instance, one study reported that schizophrenia patients homozygous for the risk allele showed decreased gray matter concentration in occipital, parietal, and temporal lobes when combined with a higher genetic risk score from miR‐137–regulated genes, suggesting that alterations in miR‐137 biogenesis might underlie gray matter loss."}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_f", "ref": "1"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " In a related investigation, carriers of the MIR137HG risk allele in schizophrenia exhibited attenuated reduction in mid‐posterior corpus callosum volume, implying that MIR137HG influences brain morphology through mechanisms distinct from those typically producing callosal atrophy."}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_f", "ref": "2"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " Complementary functional imaging studies in healthy adults have demonstrated that risk allele homozygotes show less deactivation of the posterior cingulate cortex, reduced connectivity with anterior cingulate and medial prefrontal regions, and decreased white matter integrity of the posterior cingulum during working memory tasks, thereby linking MIR137HG variation to alterations in neural network connectivity."}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_f", "ref": "3"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " Furthermore, altered peripheral expression levels of MIR137HG have been observed in schizophrenia, with modest diagnostic discrimination between patients and controls, supporting its potential role as a biomarker."}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_f", "ref": "4"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "\n"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "\n\n"}, {"type": "p", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "\nBeyond neuropsychiatric contexts, MIR137HG has been explored in several non‐psychiatric disorders. In periodontitis, although several long noncoding RNAs were analyzed, MIR137HG expression did not differ significantly between patients and healthy individuals."}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_f", "ref": "5"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " In gastric cancer, preliminary work is underway to elucidate the function and underlying mechanisms of MIR137HG, although its precise role remains to be determined."}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_f", "ref": "6"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " Genetic studies have also associated MIR137HG polymorphisms with musculoskeletal complications, as variants in this gene were linked to increased risk of alcohol-induced osteonecrosis of the femoral head."}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_f", "ref": "7"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " Moreover, other investigations have identified a specific MIR137HG single-nucleotide polymorphism (rs7554283) that appears to confer a protective effect against high-altitude pulmonary edema in the Chinese population."}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_f", "ref": "8"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "\n"}]}, {"type": "rg", "children": [{"type": "r", "ref": 1, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "C Wright, C N Gupta, J Chen, et al. 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