| HGNC Family | Non-coding RNAs |
| Name | microRNA 181d |
| Description | microRNAs (miRNAs) are short (20-24 nt) non-coding RNAs that are involved in post-transcriptional regulation of gene expression in multicellular organisms by affecting both the stability and translation of mRNAs. miRNAs are transcribed by RNA polymerase II as part of capped and polyadenylated primary transcripts (pri-miRNAs) that can be either protein-coding or non-coding. The primary transcript is cleaved by the Drosha ribonuclease III enzyme to produce an approximately 70-nt stem-loop precursor miRNA (pre-miRNA), which is further cleaved by the cytoplasmic Dicer ribonuclease to generate the mature miRNA and antisense miRNA star (miRNA*) products. The mature miRNA is incorporated into a RNA-induced silencing complex (RISC), which recognizes target mRNAs through imperfect base pairing with the miRNA and most commonly results in translational inhibition or destabilization of the target mRNA. The RefSeq represents the predicted microRNA stem-loop. [provided by RefSeq, Sep 2009] |
| Summary |
{"type": "root", "children": [{"type": "p", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "\nMiR‑181d is emerging as an important regulatory microRNA in glioma biology, acting as both a biomarker and a modulator of tumor behavior. Genome‐wide profiling and functional studies have revealed that its expression levels are inversely correlated with overall survival in glioblastoma patients, particularly in those receiving temozolomide treatment. In this context, elevated miR‑181d is linked to a favorable clinical response, whereas reduced levels are associated with chemoresistance, suggesting that miR‑181d serves as a predictive biomarker for temozolomide sensitivity. These findings are supported by investigations demonstrating a role for miR‑181d in glioma growth regulation."}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_f", "ref": "1"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "\n"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "\n\n"}, {"type": "p", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "\nMechanistically, miR‑181d exerts its function through direct interaction with the 3′ untranslated regions of key target mRNAs. Notably, it downregulates methyl‑guanine‑methyl‑transferase (MGMT), reducing both transcript and protein expression, which in turn sensitizes tumor cells to alkylating agents. In addition, studies indicate that miR‑181d may modulate the expression of other oncogenic factors such as K‑ras and Bcl‑2, thereby influencing apoptotic and proliferative pathways in glioma cells. This multifaceted role underscores the therapeutic potential of modulating miR‑181d levels to curb glioma progression and improve treatment outcomes."}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_f", "ref": "1"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "\n"}]}, {"type": "rg", "children": [{"type": "r", "ref": 1, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Xie-Feng Wang, Zhu-Mei Shi, Xi-Rui Wang, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "MiR-181d acts as a tumor suppressor in glioma by targeting K-ras and Bcl-2."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "J Cancer Res Clin Oncol (2012)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1007/s00432-011-1114-x"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s00432-011-1114-x"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "22207524"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22207524"}]}, {"type": "r", "ref": 2, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Wei Zhang, Jing Zhang, Katherine Hoadley, et al. "}, {"type": "b", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "miR-181d: a predictive glioblastoma biomarker that downregulates MGMT expression."}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " "}, {"type": "i", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Neuro Oncol (2012)"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " DOI: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "10.1093/neuonc/nos089"}], "href": "https://doi.org/10.1093/neuonc/nos089"}, {"type": "t", "text": " PMID: "}, {"type": "a", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "22570426"}], "href": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22570426"}]}]}]}
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| Synonyms | MIRN181D, MIR-181D |
| NCBI Gene ID | 574457 |
| API | |
| Download Associations | |
| Predicted Functions |
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| Co-expressed Genes |
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| Expression in Tissues and Cell Lines |
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MIR181D has 578 functional associations with biological entities spanning 6 categories (molecular profile, disease, phenotype or trait, functional term, phrase or reference, chemical, cell line, cell type or tissue, gene, protein or microRNA) extracted from 20 datasets.
Click the + buttons to view associations for MIR181D from the datasets below.
If available, associations are ranked by standardized value
| Dataset | Summary | |
|---|---|---|
| CCLE Cell Line Gene CNV Profiles | cell lines with high or low copy number of MIR181D gene relative to other cell lines from the CCLE Cell Line Gene CNV Profiles dataset. | |
| ChEA Transcription Factor Binding Site Profiles | transcription factor binding site profiles with transcription factor binding evidence at the promoter of MIR181D gene from the CHEA Transcription Factor Binding Site Profiles dataset. | |
| ChEA Transcription Factor Targets | transcription factors binding the promoter of MIR181D gene in low- or high-throughput transcription factor functional studies from the CHEA Transcription Factor Targets dataset. | |
| COSMIC Cell Line Gene CNV Profiles | cell lines with high or low copy number of MIR181D gene relative to other cell lines from the COSMIC Cell Line Gene CNV Profiles dataset. | |
| CTD Gene-Disease Associations | diseases associated with MIR181D gene/protein from the curated CTD Gene-Disease Associations dataset. | |
| ENCODE Histone Modification Site Profiles | histone modification site profiles with high histone modification abundance at MIR181D gene from the ENCODE Histone Modification Site Profiles dataset. | |
| ENCODE Transcription Factor Binding Site Profiles | transcription factor binding site profiles with transcription factor binding evidence at the promoter of MIR181D gene from the ENCODE Transcription Factor Binding Site Profiles dataset. | |
| ENCODE Transcription Factor Targets | transcription factors binding the promoter of MIR181D gene in ChIP-seq datasets from the ENCODE Transcription Factor Targets dataset. | |
| GeneRIF Biological Term Annotations | biological terms co-occuring with MIR181D gene in literature-supported statements describing functions of genes from the GeneRIF Biological Term Annotations dataset. | |
| GeneSigDB Published Gene Signatures | PubMedIDs of publications reporting gene signatures containing MIR181D from the GeneSigDB Published Gene Signatures dataset. | |
| GEO Signatures of Differentially Expressed Genes for Small Molecules | small molecule perturbations changing expression of MIR181D gene from the GEO Signatures of Differentially Expressed Genes for Small Molecules dataset. | |
| GTEx Tissue Gene Expression Profiles | tissues with high or low expression of MIR181D gene relative to other tissues from the GTEx Tissue Gene Expression Profiles dataset. | |
| JASPAR Predicted Transcription Factor Targets | transcription factors regulating expression of MIR181D gene predicted using known transcription factor binding site motifs from the JASPAR Predicted Transcription Factor Targets dataset. | |
| Klijn et al., Nat. Biotechnol., 2015 Cell Line Gene CNV Profiles | cell lines with high or low copy number of MIR181D gene relative to other cell lines from the Klijn et al., Nat. Biotechnol., 2015 Cell Line Gene CNV Profiles dataset. | |
| MGI Mouse Phenotype Associations 2023 | phenotypes of transgenic mice caused by MIR181D gene mutations from the MGI Mouse Phenotype Associations 2023 dataset. | |
| MotifMap Predicted Transcription Factor Targets | transcription factors regulating expression of MIR181D gene predicted using known transcription factor binding site motifs from the MotifMap Predicted Transcription Factor Targets dataset. | |
| MPO Gene-Phenotype Associations | phenotypes of transgenic mice caused by MIR181D gene mutations from the MPO Gene-Phenotype Associations dataset. | |
| Roadmap Epigenomics Cell and Tissue DNA Methylation Profiles | cell types and tissues with high or low DNA methylation of MIR181D gene relative to other cell types and tissues from the Roadmap Epigenomics Cell and Tissue DNA Methylation Profiles dataset. | |
| Roadmap Epigenomics Histone Modification Site Profiles | histone modification site profiles with high histone modification abundance at MIR181D gene from the Roadmap Epigenomics Histone Modification Site Profiles dataset. | |
| WikiPathways Pathways 2014 | pathways involving MIR181D protein from the Wikipathways Pathways 2014 dataset. | |
