{"type": "root", "children": [{"type": "p", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "\nmiR‐214 is emerging as a multifunctional regulator of cancer cell behavior. In several tumor models, miR‐214 modulates intrinsic cellular programs that govern survival, proliferation, metastasis and chemoresistance. For example, in ovarian cancer it promotes cell survival and cisplatin‐resistance via direct targeting of PTEN and activation of Akt signaling, while in melanoma, cervical and other carcinomas its altered expression has been linked to enhanced cell migration, invasion and metastatic dissemination by affecting key regulators such as β‐catenin, EZH2, GALNT7 and plexin‐B1. Collectively, these studies underscore that miR‐214 can act either as an oncomiR or as a tumor suppressor, depending on the cellular context and its downstream targets."}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_fs", "start_ref": "1", "end_ref": "25"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "\n"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "\n\n"}, {"type": "p", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "\nIn addition to its cell‐autonomous functions, miR‐214 is actively involved in intercellular communication and reprogramming of the tumor microenvironment. It is packaged into extracellular vesicles such as exosomes and microvesicles, which enable its transfer between cells. For instance, osteoclast‐derived exosomal miR‐214 can be delivered to osteoblasts to inhibit bone formation, while endothelial cell–released miR‐214 promotes angiogenesis by repressing target genes that trigger senescence. Moreover, tumor cells use secreted miR‐214 to modulate immune responses—for example, by down‐regulating PTEN in T cells to favor regulatory T cell expansion—and to influence stromal cell activation in pancreatic and bone marrow compartments."}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_fs", "start_ref": "26", "end_ref": "34"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "\n"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "\n\n"}, {"type": "p", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "\nBeyond its roles in tumor initiation and progression, aberrant miR‐214 expression is being explored as a promising biomarker and therapeutic target in a range of pathological conditions. Altered levels of miR‐214 not only correlate with clinical outcomes in various malignancies—including colorectal cancer metastasis, intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma and hepatocellular carcinoma—but are also implicated in non‐malignant disorders such as renal fibrosis, inflammatory responses triggered by advanced glycation end products, endocrine resistance in breast cancer, and even in neurodegenerative and osteoarthritic processes. Furthermore, by modulating cellular processes such as ferroptosis, pyroptosis and programmed cell death, miR‐214 offers new avenues for targeted intervention."}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_fs", "start_ref": "35", "end_ref": "44"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "\n"}]}, {"type": "rg", "children": [{"type": "r", "ref": 1, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Hua Yang, William Kong, Lili He, et al. 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