{"type": "root", "children": [{"type": "p", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "\nThe MIR2355 family of microRNAs, including both the –5p and –3p variants, has emerged as a critical regulator in diverse biological contexts. In intervertebral disc degeneration, for example, miR‑2355‑5p has been implicated in disease‐relevant pathways (see."}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_f", "ref": "1"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " In gastric cancer, the lncRNA TMEM44‑AS1 sponges miR‑2355‑5p, thereby upregulating PPP1R13L and inhibiting the p53 pathway to promote chemoresistance (see."}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_f", "ref": "2"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "\n"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "\n\n"}, {"type": "p", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "\nIn several malignancies, MIR2355 exerts critical influences on tumor behavior through its interactions with competing endogenous RNAs. In bladder cancer, miR‑2355‑5p is sequestered by DDX11‑AS1, affecting the expression of the oncogene LAMB3 and consequently promoting tumorigenesis (see."}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_f", "ref": "3"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " In esophageal squamous cell carcinoma, downregulation of the lncRNA WDFY3‑AS2 releases miR‑2355‑5p, which then downregulates SOCS2 and modulates JAK2/Stat5 signaling to enhance cell proliferation and invasion (see."}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_f", "ref": "4"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " In hepatocellular carcinoma, miR‑2355‑5p has been identified as a candidate regulator targeting PYCR1, implicating it in tumor growth, invasion, and epithelial–mesenchymal transition (see."}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_f", "ref": "5"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " Moreover, in erythropoiesis, miR‑2355‑5p overexpression suppresses KLF6 to enhance γ‑globin synthesis, suggesting a role in hematologic regulation (see."}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_f", "ref": "6"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "\n"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "\n\n"}, {"type": "p", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "\nFurthermore, the MIR2355 family is also involved in lung cancers. In lung adenocarcinoma, elevated levels of the miR‑2355‑3p isoform correlate with poor patient prognosis and its inhibition reduces proliferation, migration, and invasion via direct targeting of ZCCHC14 (see."}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_f", "ref": "7"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": " In non‑small‑cell lung cancer, a novel circSOD2/miR‑2355‑5p/CAMSAP2 axis has been delineated in which circSOD2 modulates miR‑2355‑5p levels to ultimately influence CAMSAP2 expression, thereby affecting tumor cell growth and epithelial–mesenchymal transition (see."}, {"type": "fg", "children": [{"type": "fg_f", "ref": "8"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "\n"}]}, {"type": "t", "text": "\n\n"}, {"type": "p", "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "\nCollectively, these studies highlight that MIR2355 functions as a pivotal molecular switch—modulating diverse signaling cascades that govern cell proliferation, apoptosis, epithelial–mesenchymal transition, chemoresistance, and metastasis across a range of pathological conditions. This regulatory versatility positions the MIR2355 family as a promising diagnostic and prognostic biomarker as well as a potential therapeutic target in both cancer and non‐cancer diseases.\n"}]}, {"type": "rg", "children": [{"type": "r", "ref": 1, "children": [{"type": "t", "text": "Yusong Guo, Lijun Tian, Xing Liu, et al. 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